A lottery is a legal form of gambling, which involves randomly drawing numbers to award a prize. Lotteries have different levels of acceptance across the globe, with some governments banning lotteries while some endorse lotteries at the state as well as national levels. Hence, it is a common phenomenon to find regulations around managing a lottery and the means of drawing a lottery. However, the popularity of lotteries has increased due to the growing prize amounts as well as rising awareness due to marketing techniques used by companies. The introduction of new games as well as lotteries at different price points, is making them affordable.

FMCG stands for fast-moving consumer goods. These are products that are sold quickly and at relatively low cost. FMCGs typically have a short shelf life due to high consumer demand or because they are perishable. Examples include packaged foods, beverages, toiletries, over-the-counter drugs, and other consumables such as cleaning and laundry products. FMCGs are characterized by high turnover and are often sold in large quantities.

银行自营、保险机构、资管（不含公募基金）和公募基金四类主体在计算时均需考虑税收成本，需从名义收益率中扣减，而机构间的差异体现在监管要求等其他考量维度。银行自营因受《商业银行资本管理办法》约束，需额外计算资本占用成本，同时兼顾信贷业务的信用成本与存款派生收益，计算较为复杂；保险机构需依据偿付能力监管规则，纳入受信用风险偿付因子等影响的机会成本；公募基金与资管机构（不含公募基金）计算相对简单，通常仅需考虑税收成本。各机构所受监管要求、税收政策等方面不同，使得同类资产在不同机构视角下的综合收益率差异较明显。

2025 年 9 月金融市场呈现“股强债弱”特征，风险偏好回升，资金活化趋势明显但实体融资需求分化。货币层面，M1 增速回升至 7.2%，反映居民资金向活期存款转移，M2 增速回落至 8.4%，显示金融体系流动性再分配；资本市场中，股市主要指数普涨，债市受利率上行压制表现疲软；监管重心从“增量扩 表”转向“存量优化”，通过“落实落细适度宽松的货币政策”、公募费率改革第三阶段、消费者权益保护等政策防范风险、促进流动性宽松与资本市场稳定，探索金融创新与风险防控平衡。

指数化配置在当下市场中展现出显著的风险收益优势与配置效率。在 Alpha 收益稀缺、市场波动加大的环境中，被动指数型可转债基 金通过紧密跟踪基准指数，能够更稳定地获取市场 Beta 收益，并在风险调整后收益、波动控制和回撤管理上普遍优于主动型产品。其透明度高、工具属性强的特点，不仅降低了因管理人风格漂移带来的不确定性，还为组合提供了可预测的业绩锚点，有助于机构在长期资金配置中优化风险预算，提升整体资产配置的稳健性。

资金流是股价趋势背后的核心驱动力，无论是前几年公募基金与北向资金共同主导的的抱团行情，还是 2024 年以来“中长期资金入市”政策推动的 市场启动，均验证了资金流对股票市场存在实质的推动力；本文从主动型公募基金及机构资金、ETF 资金、融资融券资金、境外资金及高频订单资金五个维度出发，构建 18 个资金流选股指标，对股票层面的资金行为进行了刻画，并分别验证了其选股能力。

黄金地表库存的结构可以看到，金融需求占比虽然小，但波动剧烈，主导黄金价格的趋势变化。非金融需求尽管占比较大，但对黄金价格多起到支撑但不决定趋势。为捕捉黄金价格趋势波动，我们提供三个高频跟踪维度刻画完整的黄金投资者画像，以此全面追踪 8 月以来黄金金融需求的资金流动。

9月中旬，债市多空对于定价权的争夺变得愈发激烈。以10年国债为例，利率的运行箱体界限更加明确，当利率上至 1.80%，多头的买入力量显著提升，而当利率下至 1.75%，空头的势力开始变大。从近期定价内容来看，市场交易主要围绕两个逻辑，一是潜在的央行重启买债，二是公募债基赎回费问题。

Personal luxury goods are defined as goods that are non-essential but are highly desirable. In economics, luxury goods have a high elasticity of demand, which means that with increasing personal incomes, consumers will demand or buy more luxury goods. The global personal luxury goods market is highly competitive and fragmented by the presence of several international and regional vendors. Product categories in the market include accessories (handbags, wallets, purses, belts, and shoes), apparel, cosmetics, watches, jewelry, sunglasses, and headphones.

A personal loan refers to a specific amount of money that is borrowed by a debtor to fulfill the personal financial needs of individuals, such as debt consolidation, home improvements, emergency expenses, or large purchases. The interest rates for a personal loan vary depending on the loan provider and credit history of the borrower. A personal loan is taken on a returnable basis, and when the repayment is made, the promissory note (evidence of loan) gets retired.