DOD maintains the evidence is inconclusive regarding whether exposure to burn pit emissions creates a long-term health risk for deployed personnel. Contrary to this position, several military professionals maintain the evidence is clear. An Air Force physician at Balad Air Base concurred with a 2006 memorandum and stated: In my professional opinion, the known carcinogens and respiratory sensitizers released into the atmosphere by the burn pit present both an acute and a chronic health hazard to our troops and the local population. A 2011 memorandum from an Army Officer cited evidence that air quality on Bagram Air Field was 'unhealthy' and concluded that the primary contributor was the burn pit. He also listed potential long-term health risks associated with long-term exposure to air conditions such as those found on Bagram. The 2011 memorandum led to a Congressional inquiry and passage of Public Law 112-260 directing the VA to establish an 'Open Air Burn Pit Registry.' This paper will examine studies on exposure to open-air burn pits, look at the recent legislation and potential ramifications for the VA system, and will conclude with a review of technology that might be implemented to abolish open-air burn pits.

关键词：大气；空气污染；空气健康

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The Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) Program evaluated employees' exposure to lead when working in the parking garage adjacent to the firing range of a police department.

关键词：大气；空气污染；废气排放

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The HHE Program evaluated employee concerns about exposures and health problems at a tire manufacturing plant. After evaluating the ventilation system, investigators determined that the general and local exhaust systems were operating properly. 

关键词：大气；室内气体；气体健康

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The HHE Program evaluated ventilation controls at a hospital after latent tuberculosis infections were identified among hospital staff.

关键词：大气；空气流通；结核病预防

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New Jersey Administrative Code sections 10:51 and 10:59 provide for the coverage of diabetic testing supplies, including test strips. The State agency reimburses providers the lesser of the usual and customary charge or the Medicaid fee for each item. Additionally, contracts between the State agency and the MCOs list diabetic testing supplies as a covered benefit provided to eligible beneficiaries. The monthly Medicaid capitation payment that the State agency makes to an MCO for each eligible beneficiary in cludes these supplies. Our objective was to determine whether the State agency could achieve Medicaid program savings for test strips.

关键词：医疗补助；家庭护理服务；医疗设备

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According to CDC data, racial and ethnic minorities in the United States--particularly Blacks/African-Americans and Hispanics/Latinos--have been disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS, representing 72 percent of new HIV infections and 74 percent of all AIDS diagnoses in 2011. In addition to core funding programs through CDC and HRSA that are intended to provide services to all qualifying individuals affected by HIV/AIDS, MAI seeks to improve HIV-related health outcomes and reduce health disparities for minority communities through the provision of grant funds. MAI grants are distributed to a variety of entities. The Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Extension Act of 2009 required GAO to (1) examine the services provided, population served, and administrative challenges faced by MAI grantees, and (2) describe the best practices identified by grantees and other stakeholders for community outreach and capacity building. GAO conducted a review of services reported in fiscal year 2011 MAI grantee annual reports from a generalizable sample of 100 grantees, and interviewed agency officials and other stakeholders. GAO also reviewed grant administrative requirements, and data on MAI grant amounts and populations served.

关键词：人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）；获得性免疫缺陷综合症；医药

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In the absence of validated national benchmarks, or norms, this document stresses the need for each community paramedicine program to define its system-specific health status benchmarks and performance indicators and to use a variety of community health and public health interventions to improve the community's health status. The document also addresses reducing the burden of illness, chronic disease, and injury as a community-wide public health problem, not strictly as a patient care issue. Opportunities to review community paramedicine programs are beneficial because they allow for the assessment of the status of EMS activities and move systems forward in developing inclusive and comprehensive systems of care. Many EMS programs conduct their own internal or external reviews, and it is hoped that this document will serve as another tool used by these programs to assess the current status of community paramedicine programs and to provide guidance on future system enhancements. The assessment tool also provides a common framework by which data can be collected from multiple community paramedicine programs and aggregated to develop a snapshot of common successes and challenges. While the tool should be useful across both urban and rural programs it is specifically designed to address rural settings where community health/public health resources are often very limited. By encouraging emerging rural community paramedicine programs to use this evaluation framework as a planning tool, it should be possible to create stronger partnerships and linkages with scarce rural resources.

关键词：护人员；社区；公共健康；评估；医药

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Mining communities access to appropriate health care has not been well studied. Appropriate care includes competencies to adequately diagnose and treat mining related disease or illness. The current study has two primary objectives. First, we seek to understand whether mining communities face shortages in numbers of safety net providers compared to non-mining communities. To accomplish this, the study locates and maps mine locations in the U.S. and rural safety net providers (Rural Health Clinics, Federally Qualified Health Centers, Critical Access Hospitals and Black Lung Clinics). Second, we assess the capacity of rural safety net providers in mining areas to prevent, diagnose and treat mining related injury and illness. This was done through a survey of rural primary care providers practicing in safety net facilities co-located with mining communities.

关键词：矿工；保健；农村地区；职业安全与卫生；医药

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No abstract available.

关键词：用药；健康物质的使用；精神障碍；医药

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NORC at the University of Chicago is pleased to submit this final report for Assessing the Status and Prospects of State and Local Health Department Information Technology Infrastructure, a project of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) at the United States Department of Health and Human Services. NORC and ASPE worked in close partnership with the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials (ASTHO). This report describes how state health agencies (SHAs) and local health departments (LHDs) use information technology systems to capture, manage, analyze, and report information. We assess trends in use of information technology (IT) among SHAs and LHDs following the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act of 2009, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010, recent work in public health informatics, and other factors. This project assumes that IT tools and resources should play a role in governmental public health practice. However, we also assume that rigorous assessments of public health goals should motivate IT projects and that stakeholders should design and implement IT in direct service of those goals.

关键词：信息系统；公共卫生；临床医学；医药

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