Composite materials are increasingly used in modern aircraft for reducing weight, improving fuel efficiency, and enhancing the overall design, performance, and manufacturability of airborne vehicles. Materials such as fiberglass reinforced composites (FRC) and carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP) are being used to great advantage in airframes, wings, engine nacelles, turbine blades, fairings, fuselage and empennage structures, control surfaces and coverings. However, the potential damage from the direct and indirect effects of lightning strikes is of increased concern to aircraft designers and operators. When a lightning strike occurs, the points of attachment and detachment on the aircraft surface must be found by visual inspection, and then assessed for damage by maintenance personnel to ensure continued safe flight operations. In this paper, a new method and system for aircraft in-situ damage detection and diagnosis are presented. The method and system are based on open circuit (SansEC) sensor technology developed at NASA Langley Research Center. SansEC (Sans Electric Connection) sensor technology is a new technical framework for designing, powering, and interrogating sensors to detect damage in composite materials. Damage in composite material is generally associated with a localized change in material permittivity and/or conductivity. These changes are sensed using SansEC. Unique electrical signatures are used for damage detection and diagnosis. NASA LaRC has both experimentally and theoretically demonstrated that SansEC sensors can be effectively used for in-situ composite damage detection.

关键词：光机电；传感器；开路谐振；复合材料检测

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Environmental conditions, cyclic loading, and aging contribute to structural wear and degradation, and thus potentially catastrophic events. The challenge of health monitoring technology is to determine incipient changes accurately and efficiently. This project addresses this challenge by developing health monitoring techniques that depend only on sensor measurements. Since actively controlled excitation is not needed, sensor-to-sensor identification (S2SID) provides an in-flight diagnostic tool that exploits ambient excitation to provide advance warning of significant changes. S2SID can subsequently be followed up by ground testing to localize and quantify structural changes. The conceptual foundation of S2SID is the notion of a pseudo-transfer function, where one sensor is viewed as the pseudo-input and another is viewed as the pseudo-output, is approach is less restrictive than transmissibility identification and operational modal analysis since no assumption is made about the locations of the sensors relative to the excitation.

关键词：光机电；传感器；飞机；结构监测

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Tires are an integral component of aircraft and are manufactured using raw materials such as natural rubber, nylon tire cord fabric, and carbon black. Rubber chemicals and synthetic rubber are also majorly used in the manufacture of aircraft tires. The Global Aircraft Tire market caters to customers segments such as passenger, cargo, and defense aircraft. Due to the increase in the number of aircraft being used in recent years, the global demand for aircraft tires is expected to witness steady growth over the next few years.

关键词：轮胎；飞机；天然橡胶；锦纶帘子布；炭黑

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本报告关注点：铁路货运能力与需求均有一倍以上的增长空间；高铁、城市轨道交通成为客运增长点；招标超预期，投资计划显著增加。

关键词：铁路；货运；设备增加

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Underwater diving using a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus is known as scuba diving. In scuba diving, divers carry their own supply of breathing air and other necessary equipment. The Global Scuba Diving Equipment market declined by almost 30 percent during the economic recession of 2009; however, it has recovered since then and is expected to witness increased demand for innovative and reliable scuba diving equipment in the future. The market is highly competitive with several vendors supplying specialized diving gear with innovative features to consumers.

关键词：自给式；水下呼吸器；潜水设备

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The objective of the work reported herein was to use a systems engineering approach to guide development of integrated instrumentation/sensor systems (IISS) incorporating communications, interconnections, and signal acquisition. These require enhanced suitability and effectiveness for diagnostics and health management of aerospace equipment governed by the principles of Condition-based maintenance (CBM). It is concluded that the systems engineering approach to IISS definition provided clear benefits in identifying overall system requirements and an architectural framework for categorizing and evaluating alternative architectures, relative to a bottom up focus on sensor technology blind to system level user needs. CBM IISS imperatives identified include factors such as tolerance of the bulk of aerospace equipment operational environments, low intrusiveness, rapid reconfiguration, and affordable life cycle costs. The functional features identified include interrogation of the variety of sensor types and interfaces common in aerospace equipment applications overmultiplexed communication media with flexibility to allow rapid system reconfiguration to adapt to evolving sensor needs. This implies standardized interfaces at the sensor location (preferably to open standards), reduced wire/connector pin count in harnesses (or their elimination through use of wireless communications).

关键词：光机电；传感器；航空航天设备；仪表维修

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In 2009/2010 NASA developed Technology Roadmaps.Technology Area 8 was Science Instruments, Observatories & Sensors Systems (SIOSS).SIOSS included:Technology Area Breakdown Structure (TABS);Key Technical Challenges;Roadmaps for Each Level 1 TABS.

关键词：光机电；传感器；天文台；NRC技术路线图

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关键词：12月；新船；订单

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In present era of railways transportation the presence of the railway signal system in railway networks makes the train control system much easier & safer. Today the all railway signal systems are based on electrical devices. In this paper we propose a new signal system for railway network which will be based on wireless sensor devices. Proposed frame work helps the train control mechanism to control the train even in low visibility weather condition like dust, haze, snow, heavy rain, fogginess conditions. In this paper we proposed the idea and the framework for the new wireless sensor device based signal system which can be implemented in modification in existing current signal systems.

关键词：传感器；铁路信号；框架

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In 2007 the total global market capitalization of mining companies was reported at US $962 billion, (Businessweek, 2007)

关键词：机器人；月球采矿；外星环境；太空探索

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