关键词：交通运输；铁路；公路；航空运输

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An aircraft health monitoring system is a tool used to monitor and enhance flight safety, and reduce operational time and maintenance cost. This tool functions by recording actions, performance, and status of aircraft components into a remote database. Aircraft health monitoring systems then collect these data from various aircraft components, systems, and subsystems, to reach a certain resolution, based on algorithms programmed into the collect ion system. The aircraft health monitoring systems' products are mainly deployed in airlines to monitor unanticipated events, and to reduce unscheduled maintenance and disruption in operations.

关键词：飞机健康监测系统；监测；飞行安全

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Fasteners play a vital role in the Aerospace industry and are used to build jetliners, business jets, fighters, military helicopters, rotorcraft, and satellites. The Aerospace industry uses standard fastener types, which include bolts, screws, studs, rivets, collars, and pins. Aerospace fasteners should be of par high quality. The fasteners used in the Aerospace industry need to withstand high pressure and temperature. Moreover, they should be more durable and lightweight, since this helps to reduce the weight of an aircraft.

关键词：紧固件；航空航天工业；平价；高品质

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Landing mission concepts that are being developed for exploration of planetary bodies are increasingly ambitious in their implementations and objectives. Most of these missions require accurate position and velocity data during their descent phase in order to ensure safe soft landing at the pre-designated sites. To address this need, a Doppler lidar is being developed by NASA under the Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance (ALHAT) project. This lidar sensor is a versatile instrument capable of providing precision velocity vectors, vehicle ground relative altitude, and attitude. The capabilities of this advanced technology have been demonstrated through two helicopter flight test campaigns conducted over a vegetation-free terrain in 2008 and 2010. Presently, a prototype version of this sensor is being assembled for integration into a rocket-powered terrestrial free-flyer vehicle. Operating in a closed loop with vehicle's guidance and navigation system, the viability of this advanced sensor for future landing missions will be demonstrated through a series of flight tests in 2012.

关键词：光机电；传感器；多普勒激光雷达；着陆

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Plastic is a synthetic material made from moldable synthetic polymer of higher molecular mass. Some of the different types of plastic are polystyrene, nylon, rayon, and polyvinyl chloride. Plastic has several applications and is used in a variety of products; one such notable application of plastic is in the Aerospace industry. Plastic is used in the manufacture of aircraft windshields, windows, fairings, seats, etc.

关键词：塑料；高分子量；合成聚合物；航空航天行业

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Marine composites are materials used in the construction of off-shore structures and boat components to increase performance, decrease fuel consumption, and significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions. They are often used as alternatives to traditional materials such as aluminum and steel. Composites such as glass fiber-reinforced plastics and CFRP are currently being widely used in the manufacture of boats and other marine vessels. Marine composites are also used in subsea applications as protection structures for subsea wellheads and valves.

关键词：船用复合材料；二氧化碳；玻璃纤维

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High resolution calibrated near infrared (NIR) imagery of the Space Shuttle Orbiter was obtained during hypervelocity atmospheric re-entry of the STS-119, STS-125, STS-128, STS-131, STS-132, STS-133, and STS-134 missions. This data has provided information on the distribution of surface temperature and the state of the airflow over the windward surface of the Orbiter during descent. The thermal imagery complemented data collected with onboard surface thermocouple instrumentation. The spatially resolved global thermal measurements made during the Orbiter s hypersonic re-entry will provide critical flight data for reducing the uncertainty associated with present day ground-to-flight extrapolation techniques and current state-of-the-art empirical boundary-layer transition or turbulent heating prediction methods. Laminar and turbulent flight data is critical for the validation of physics-based, semi-empirical boundary-layer transition prediction methods as well as stimulating the validation of laminar numerical chemistry models and the development of turbulence models supporting NASA s next-generation spacecraft. In this paper we provide details of the NIR imaging system used on both air and land-based imaging assets. The paper will discuss calibrations performed on the NIR imaging systems that permitted conversion of captured radiant intensity (counts) to temperature values. Image processing techniques are presented to analyze the NIR data for vignetting distortion, best resolution, and image sharpness.

关键词：光机电；传感器；近红外线感应器；航天飞机

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Argon is a flight-ready sensor suite with two visual cameras, a flash LIDAR, an on- board flight computer, and associated electronics. Argon was designed to provide sensing capabilities for relative navigation during proximity, rendezvous, and docking operations between spacecraft. A rigorous ground test campaign assessed the performance capability of the Argon navigation suite to measure the relative pose of high-fidelity satellite mock-ups during a variety of simulated rendezvous and proximity maneuvers facilitated by robot manipulators in a variety of lighting conditions representative of the orbital environment. A brief description of the Argon suite and test setup are given as well as an analysis of the performance of the system in simulated proximity and rendezvous operations.

关键词：光机电；传感器；模拟飞行；性能测量

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Flight systems operating new performance and stability limits require continuous, robust autonomy through real-time performance-based measurements.

关键词：光机电；传感器；气动伺服弹性；弹性控制；飞行控制

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A military rotorcraft is a special type of rotorcraft that is produced to fulfill the demands and requirements of the defense forces. Military rotorcraft are basically used for transport purposes;however, they are also used in medical evacuation, rescue, and search operations. Some rotorcraft are armed with weapons and used to attack ground targets and for other combat purposes. Currently, there is a high demand for military rotorcraft due to unique features such as vertical take-off and landing, ability to hover, ability to fly forward, backward, and lateral. These rotorcraft are capable of landing and taking off in difficult terrains (deserts and high mountains where climatic conditions are extreme) and where the harsh terrain makes it difficult to build runways for military aircraft.

关键词：军事旋翼机；特殊类型；国防力量；运输用途

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