A casing spool is an equipment that is used in oil and gas well drilling and completion processes. A casing spool is a wellhead or blow-out preventer component that is used to control the wellhead pressure and to support and seal the upper part of the casing string.

Upstream oil and gas operations and production aid in the discovery of deposits, drilling of wells, and the extraction of raw materials from the ground. Companies that extract or produce raw materials oversee upstream oil and gas production. Drilling, exploration, well interferences, well completion, abandonment, and production are all examples of upstream operations that employ oil and gas equipment.

Oil condition monitoring (OCM) is a predictive maintenance technique used to assess the health and performance of machinery by analyzing lubricant properties. It helps detect contaminants, wear particles, and oil degradation in engines, turbines, hydraulic systems, and industrial equipment. By providing real-time insights, OCM enables industries such as automotive, aerospace, oil and gas, power generation, and manufacturing to optimize maintenance schedules, prevent unexpected failures, and extend equipment lifespan.

Decommissioning offshore oil and gas facilities is the process of removing the infrastructure and equipment used in the exploration and production of oil and gas in the marine environment. The offshore infrastructure includes pipelines, wellheads, platforms, artificial islands, and power cables. Offshore decommissioning consists of a series of steps to close an oil and gas facility.

Industrial valves are mechanical and electro-mechanical devices that are used for regulating, monitoring, and controlling the flow of fluids in industries. Valves operate by opening, closing, or partially blocking passageways to allow the movement of fluids from an area of high pressure to low pressure, or vice-versa. Our market considers the sales of industrial valves that are used in the oil and gas industry.

Gasoline, also known as petrol, is a prevalent liquid fuel derived from crude oil through refining processes. It is specifically designed for use in spark-ignition internal combustion engines, commonly found in automobiles, motorcycles, and small aircraft. Gasoline is composed primarily of hydrocarbons with additives to enhance engine performance and reduce emissions. It is highly flammable and volatile, making it suitable for combustion within the cylinders of an engine. Moreover, gasolines widespread availability and efficient energy release make it a preferred choice for transportation and power generation.

Diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) is a blended aqueous solution composed of 32.5% high-purity urea and 67.5% deionized water. It acts as a reactant for the functioning of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system, an advanced active emission control technology system. DEF is standardized as aqueous urea solution (AUS) 32 in ISO 22241. AUS 32 is registered as a trademark AdBlue by the German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA).

IT spending in oil and gas industry refers to the financial allocation toward acquiring, implementing, and maintaining information technology solutions and services tailored to the sectors specific needs. This encompasses investments in hardware, software, networking infrastructure, cybersecurity measures, data analytics tools, cloud computing services, and digital transformation initiatives.

本周煤炭指数(长江) 涨幅 2.56%，跑赢沪深 300 指数 1.98 个百分点，位列全行业 3/32 位。 动力煤基本面方面，截至 4 月 18 日秦港动力煤市场价 663 元/吨，周环比下跌 2 元/吨。展望 后市，尽管煤电需求季节性走弱，港口高库存环境下煤价仍有下跌可能，但煤价下跌二阶导已 经收窄，市场对煤炭股的利空因素也有望逐渐钝化，建议积极对待煤炭板块。焦煤基本面方面， 截至 4 月 18 日京唐港主焦煤库提价 1380 元/吨，周环比持平。展望后市，在关税压力冲击下， 市场情绪降温采购趋于谨慎，短期焦煤价格偏稳运行，重点关注后续可能的内需刺激政策出台 情况、钢厂提产持续性、焦煤供给端扰动等。

Big data refers to the data sets that possess one or more of the following characteristics, which include large volume, high speed, or velocity of data generation, and a variety of data. From the context of big data, volume refers to the amount of data or the size of data sets, while velocity refers to the speed at which data is generated, retrieved, and streamed. Variety refers to different types of structured data, such as numeric data in traditional databases as well as unstructured data, including video and audio files and others. These inherent characteristics make it difficult for such data sets to be processed and analyzed using traditional data analytics tools. This leads to the development of advanced big data technologies