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2071.基于稀土元素含量的普洱茶产地识别研究
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业] [2014-11-07]
为了研究普洱茶产地识别技术，收集普洱茶三大主产区（西双版纳、普洱市、临沧市）的普洱生茶和普洱熟茶代表性样本共85 个，采用等离子发射光谱质谱法（ICP/MS）测定了样本的16 种稀土元素含量，并进行了主成分分析和逐步判别分析研究。结果表明，对3 个地区的普洱生茶和普洱熟茶样本，分别进行线性判别分析的回判成功率和验证成功率都为100%。对3 个地区的混合样本进行判别分析的回判成功率分别为93.3%、87.9%、90.9%，交叉验证的正确率分别为90%、87.9%、90.9%，18 个外部验证样本的正确判别率为84.6%、81.4%、82.9%。本研究表明，通过稀土元素含量的线性判别分析，能够较好地区分三大主产区的普洱茶样品。
关键词：稀土元素；普洱茶；产地识别；ICP/MS
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2072.钙离子对不同发酵程度茶汤沉淀形成的影响
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业] [2014-11-07]
用含钙离子水冲泡速溶茶粉，研究了不同浓度钙离子对绿茶茶汤沉淀形成的影响，以及钙离子对不同发酵程度茶类茶汤沉淀形成的影响。结果表明，随着钙离子质量浓度（5~40 mg·L-1）的增加，绿茶茶汤的沉淀量呈逐渐增加趋势，钙离子质量浓度与绿茶沉淀量之间具有显著正相关（r=0.98，P＜0.01），而沉淀中的茶多酚（r=0.95，P＜0.01）、总糖（r=0.99，P＜0.01）和咖啡碱r=0.82，P＜0.05）含量也与沉淀量呈显著正相关。相同钙离子浓度下，绿茶、铁观音、武夷岩茶、红茶、普洱茶茶汤沉淀形成量差异较大。随着茶叶发酵程度的加重，茶汤沉淀量呈增加的趋势，而钙离子对茶汤沉淀形成的促进作用逐步降低。通过分析发现，钙离子促进沉淀形成的增长率与茶汤中茶多酚所占的比率有显著相关性（r=0.78，P＜0.05），说明钙离子可能是主要通过影响茶多酚的络合作用来促进茶汤沉淀的形成。
关键词：Ca离子；茶汤沉淀；茶多酚
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2073.茶园土壤高活性固氮菌的筛选鉴定及接种效果初步研究
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业] [2014-11-07]
经过菌株富集培养、分离纯化等一系列步骤，从山东茶园土壤中分离出6 株固氮菌株。经过活性比较和菌株分类，从中选出两株不同种属的菌株。通过对其进行形态特征、生理生化指标的测定及16 S rDNA 测序，初步鉴定菌株GD5 为褐球固氮菌，菌株GD15 为恶臭假单胞菌。菌株生长最适宜pH 值为7，最适宜生长温度为30℃；GD5 具有溶磷作用和分泌生长素的能力，而GD15 仅具有分泌生长素的能力。接种GD5 后，接种处理茶树根、茎、叶的干重分别比对照增加了42%、58%、55%，新梢和根系的含氮量分别增加15%和6%，达到统计学显著差异水平，开发应用前景较好。
关键词：茶园土壤；固氮菌；鉴定；接种
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2074.不同品种（系）凤凰单丛茶DNA指纹图谱的构建
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业] [2014-11-07]
为能够快速、准确地对不同品种（系）凤凰单丛茶进行鉴定，建立不同品种（系）凤凰单丛茶的DNA指纹图谱，本研究利用ISSR 分子标记技术，以4 份凤凰单丛茶品种为材料，对UBC802~UBC899 等58 条ISSR引物进行筛选，得到了12 条多态性好的ISSR 引物。在确定引物最佳退火温度后，利用这12 条ISSR 引物对39 份凤凰单丛茶进行了扩增，结果显示，从其中筛选出的6 条核心引物共扩增出84 条带，平均每个引物扩增出14 条带，其中多态性条带78 条，多态性条带比例为92.86%，多态信息量平均为0.9456，其中引物UBC843多态性最为丰富，品种相似性系数在0.4063~0.9836 之间；为将39 份凤凰单丛茶品种全部区分开，本研究对6条核心引物进行了组合，发现其中UBC827/UBC846 的组合鉴别效率最高；通过综合品种名称、国家地区编号、采样地点、高效核心引物组合名称以及ISSR 数据代码，本研究建立了39 种凤凰单丛茶的DNA 指纹代码。之后，通过整合软件录入如品种指纹图谱代码、香型、海拔、ISSR-PCR 扩增数据图片等更多相关信息，形成指纹图谱二维编码，构成凤凰单丛茶的DNA 指纹图谱，为凤凰单丛茶品种权益保护及信息平台的建立提供数据支持。
关键词：凤凰单丛茶；ISSR；DNA 指纹图谱
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2075.全球乳制品包装市场报告（2014-2018年）
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业,化学纤维制造业] [2014-11-07]
Dairy products are high energy-yielding products usually made from milk. Since milk is easily contaminated because of lactose fermentation, dairy products need to be packed in durable materials so they reach the customer in desirable condition. Increase in demand for milk and milk products has brought a transformation in the Packaging industry. Vendors in the Global Dairy Products Packaging market are continuously inventing new technologies for packaging materials that can prevent contamination of dairy products. Some of the containers used for packaging dairy products are cups, cans, sachets, bottles, and tubs, which are made as per the convenience of the customer and the requirement of products. The demand for packaging is further surging because of increasing popularity of smaller multipacks and rising customer preference toward yogurt. Packaging also plays a major role in attracting the customers to purchase the product.
关键词：乳制品；高能量收益产品；乳糖发酵污染；耐用包装材料
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2076.脱落酸对干旱胁迫下茶树生理特性的影响
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业] [2014-11-07]
脱落酸（Abscisic acid，ABA）是一种重要的植物激素，在植物对胁迫耐受性和抗性中发挥着重要作用。以茶树品种迎霜为材料，分别采用100 mg·mL-1、200 mg·mL-1 聚乙二醇6000（PEG 6000）模拟干旱胁迫，研究了外源ABA 对干旱胁迫下茶树叶片生理生化特性的影响。结果表明：喷施外源ABA 后，渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性略有提高。干旱胁迫下，外源ABA 能提高茶树体内脯氨酸、可溶性糖及可溶性蛋白含量，同时增强了抗氧化酶活性，从而降低干旱胁迫对茶苗的伤害。经ABA 处理后的茶苗在复水后，渗透调节物质含量和抗氧化酶活性均保持较高值，外源ABA 对提高茶树抗旱性起到一定的作用。
关键词：茶树；干旱胁迫；脱落酸；生理生化指标
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2077.全球汤市场报告（2014-2018年）
[食品制造业,酒、饮料和精制茶制造业] [2014-10-22]
The Global Soup market comprises of different varieties of packaged soup that is manufactured and sold in various formats such as liquid, dehydrated, instant, chilled, frozen, and UHT.
关键词：包装汤；各种格式；主餐
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2078.全球威士忌市场报告（2014-2018年）
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业] [2014-10-22]
The Global Whiskey market was the third largest segment in the Global Spirits market and accounted for 11.39 percent of the Global Spirits market in 2013. The Global Whiskey market comprises of five major segments: Scotch Whisky, US Whiskey, Canadian Whisky, Irish Whiskey, and Other Whiskey. In 2013, the Other Whiskey market had the largest share accounting for 24.38 percent, but the Scotch Whisky market led the Global Whiskey market accounting for a market share of 27.33 percent. Premiumization, an increase in disposable income, and changing demographics are driving the Global Whiskey market. In 2013, India was the leading country and the largest contributor to the Global Whiskey market in terms of volume.
关键词：威士忌市场；份额占比；成交量
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2079.全球乳业食品市场报告（2014-2018年）
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业,食品制造业] [2014-10-18]
The Global Dairy Food market includes products like milk, cheese, yogurt, butter, cream, curd, and milk powder. Recently the Global Dairy Food market has witnessed the emergence of new varieties of traditional dairy food with vendors offering unique add-in features in their products.
关键词：全球乳品；传统乳制品；供应商；产品独特
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2080.全球酒精饮料市场报告（2014-2018年）
[酒、饮料和精制茶制造业] [2014-10-18]
The Global Alcoholic Drinks market comprises three segments: Beer, Spirits, and Wine. The Beer segment led the market in 2013 with 53.24 percent and 75.34 percent share, in terms of revenue and volume, respectively. Increase in demand among the millennial population in the US, growing demand for premium alcoholic beverages, and increased marketing and promotions by vendors are some of the factors that have driven the consumption and sales of alcoholic drinks. The Global Alcoholic Drinks market is witnessing a steady growth both in terms of revenue and volume. However, the mature nature of the Beer market is expected to have a negative impact on the growth of the market at large.
关键词：酒精饮料；市场营销；促销活动；消费；销售酒类
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