A measurement system based on the magneto-resistive sensor is described and its error factors and influences are analyzed as well.A reasonable and simple approach is presented to compensate the measurement error from Magneto-resistive Sensor output.Firstly,the principle of the new method is illustrated.Secondly,the steps of the error compensation are introduced.Finally,the test is carried out,results are shown that the maximum angle value of deviation is no more than 2° and compensation method can be used in common measurement system based on magneto-resistive sensors.

关键词：磁阻传感器；误差补偿；电磁罗盘

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This paper presents a simple design and implementation of a transducer interface agent. The agent communicates with a middleware for wireless sensor networks, and can be installed on the PC or any small gateway devices. The agent's chief end is to replace the network capable application processor (NCAP) and wireless transducer interface module (WTIM) with the agent itself in the IEEE 1451 family of standards. In order to support various non-standardized transducers, we propose to use a variety of configuration template files instead of modifying the agent itself. While a wrapper of the transducer interface agent manages various types of sensors, the controller deals with many actuators. In order to justify the usefulness of the proposed agent and its protocol, we carried out health monitoring experiments in a mock-up railway system and verified the efficiency.

关键词：传感器；换能器界面剂；无线网络；中间件

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) differ from traditional networks in several ways: sensor nodes have severe energy constraints, redundant low-rate data, and many-to-many flows. This paper deals with a data-centric merging and by-passing routing schemes based on our own network model. This model permits to gather data at a tuple-centroid node for merging the same type of data. The data-centric merging mechanism is an efficient approach which reduces the number of hops per source and to by-pass the different types of data. It is competent to reduce the unnecessary processing cost of an intermediate node. Our network model shows offers significant performance gains across the high routing cost environment.

关键词：传感器；无线网络；生成树；元组；路由成本

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In biological science, nanotechnology is extensively adopted as a multidisciplinary approach. An optical biosensor is developed in materials physics and chemistry to sense and detect the state of a biological system and a living organism. The elementary functional units of biological system, including protein, DNA, and antibody, consist of complex nanoscale components. An integration of biomolecules with optical elements through biorecognition produces functional devices. A novel material of artificial nanoparticles of quantum dots (QDs) served as a sensor of hepatitis B virus DNA, DNA mutants, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 [1,2]. Nanoparticles of 2-6 nm attract considerable interest because of their dimensional similarities with biological macromolecules [3].

关键词：传感器；纳米技术；生物科学；生物识别

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After having briefly discussed some possible interpretations of the (still at least partially ambiguous ambiguous) "IoT" term, this Chapter sums up the aims and the main characteristics of an on-going IoT-inspired project, GENIUS. GENIUS concerns the creation of a flexible, internet-based, IoT cognitive architecture, able to support a wide range of 'intelligent' applications focused on the recognition and interaction with the so-called Generalized World Entities (GWEs). The GWE paradigm intends to fill up the present fracture between the detection of entities at the sensor/physical level and their representation/management at the conceptual level. It deals in a unified way with physical objects, humans, robots, media objects and low-level events generated by sensors and with GWEs at higher level of abstraction corresponding to complex, structured events/situations/behaviours implying mutual relationships among GWEs captured at lower conceptual level. GWEs of both classes will be recognised and categorised by using, mainly, a conceptual "representation of the world", ontology-based, auto-evolving and general enough to take into account both the "static" and "dynamic" characteristics of the GWEs. When all the GWEs (objects, agents, events, complex events, situations, circumstances, behaviours etc.) involved in a given application scenario have been recognised, human-like reasoning procedures in the form of "set of services", general enough to be used in a vast range of GWE-based applications, can be used to solve real-life problems. Details about the use of the GWE paradigm to set up an "Ambient Assisted Living (AAL)" application for dealing with the "elderly at home problem" are provided in the Chapter.

关键词：信息网络；物联网；本体；传感器水平

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In the last few years, there has been a growing interest in bio- and immunosensors based on function-alized micromachined cantilevers to detect the presence of specific compounds [1]. Microcantilevers (MCs) are single-side-clamped suspended beams that can operate either as surface stress sensor or as microbalance (Figure 46.1). Changes in the surface properties of the MC through binding or hybridization of analytes to the receptors on the MC will directly influence its surface stress, causing the MC to deflect proportionally to the analytes concentration. Otherwise, the mass of the binding entities anchored on the MC surfaces can be detected due to the decrease in the resonant frequency.

关键词：传感器；微悬臂梁；癌症研究；肿瘤检测

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Presentation reviews: (1) Wireless Communications (a) Internal (b) External (2) RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) (a) Existing and R&D (3) Wireless Sensor Networks (a) Existing and R&D (4) Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) (a) R&amp.

关键词：无线通信；宽带；无线电频率；国际空间站

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This paper develops a new approximate dynamic programming algorithm for Markov decision problems and applies it to a vehicle dispatching problem arising in warehouse management. The algorithm is of the actor-critic type and uses a least squares temporal difference learning method. It operates on a sample-path of the system and optimizes the policy within a prespecified class parameterized by a parsimonious set of parameters. The method is applicable to a partially observable Markov decision process setting where the measurements of state variables are potentially corrupted and the cost is only observed through the imperfect state observations. We show that under reasonable assumptions, the algorithm converges to a locally optimal parameter set. We also show that the imperfect cost observations do not affect the policy and the algorithm minimizes the true expected cost. In the warehouse application, the problem is to dispatch sensor-equipped forklifts in order to minimize operating costs involving product movement delays and forklift maintenance. We consider instances where standard dynamic programming is computationally intractable. Simulation results confirm the theoretical claims of the paper and show that our algorithm converges more smoothly than earlier actor-critic algorithms while substantially outperforming heuristics used in practice.

关键词：信息系统；动态规划；执行器-评价器算法；马尔可夫决策过程

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The authors studied the effects of different types of armor on the performance of spin-torque microwave detectors (STMD). Working prototypes of novel nano-sized spintronic sensors of microwave radiation for battlefield anti- radar and wireless communications applications are being integrated into Sensor Enhanced Armor (SEA) and Multifunctional Armor (MFA) and tested in SEA-NDE Lab at TARDEC. The preliminary theoretical estimations have shown that STMD based on the spin-torque effect in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ), when placed in the external electromagnetic field of a microwave frequency, can work as diode detectors with the maximum theoretical sensitivity of 1000 V/W. These STNO detectors could be scaled to sub-micron size, are frequency-selective and tunable, and are tolerant to ionizing radiation. We studied the performance of a STMD in two different dynamical regimes of detector operation: in well-known traditional in-plane regime of STMD operation and in recently discovered novel out-of-plane regime.

关键词：传感器；探测器；微波频率；自旋扭矩微波探测器

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This paper describes image enhancement software applications engineering development work that has been performed in support of Maui Space Surveillance System (MSSS) Modernization. It also includes R&D and transition activity that has been performed over the past few years with the objective of providing increased space situational awareness (SSA) capabilities. This includes Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) use of an FY10 Dedicated High Performance Investment (DHPI) cluster award -- and our selection and planned use for an FY12 DHPI award. We provide an introduction to image processing of electro optical (EO) telescope sensors data; and a high resolution image enhancement and near real time processing and summary status overview. We then describe recent image enhancement applications development and support for MSSS Modernization, results to date, and end with a discussion of desired future development work and conclusions. Significant improvements to image processing enhancement have been realized over the past several years, including a key application that has realized more than a 10,000-times speedup compared to the original R&D code -- and a greater than 72-times speedup over the past few years. The latest version of this code maintains software efficiency for post- mission processing while providing optimization for image processing of data from a new EO sensor at MSSS. Additional work has also been performed to develop low latency, near real time processing of data that is collected by the ground-based sensor during overhead passes of space objects.

关键词：计算机程序；图像处理；实时空间监测；探测器

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