ITO is the process of subcontracting IT functions of an organization to a third-party vendor with domain expertise. It is an effective strategy to build a high-performance IT organization. Client companies frequently outsource IT functions such as application development and infrastructure management to cut costs and achieve superior operational efficiency.

In a January 2015 report, WHO estimated that cardiovascular disease was the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 31% of the overall mortality in 2012. These diseases are related to the heart and blood vessels. Coronary artery disease causes blockage in the artery characterized by the deposition of fatty substances that leads to the narrowing of the blood vessels and interrupted supply of normal blood flow to the heart. In an August 2015 report, the CDC estimated that coronary artery disease causes 370,000 deaths annually.

Tissue banks are biorepositories for the preservation of human and animal tissues used for disease diagnosis, biodiversity studies, and research. These banks help in the storage of various types of tissue samples such as skin, bone, cornea, heart valves, umbilical cord, and human soft tissues. Tissue banks vary significantly in size, with tissue banks in medical institutions storing a moderate number of samples while national tissue banks store a large number of samples. These samples are used to support research, particularly studies in genetic disorders, personalized medicine, and stem cell research for treating genetic conditions and maintaining and updating age demographic databases.

The major drivers for the adoption of software licensing are piracy and malware. Software licensing acts as an agreement to solve these issues. It provides the rights to use packaged software or components of software. The use of a software without proper licensing would constitute an infringement of copyright laws. All enterprise applications are offered to end-users through licenses. Software licenses are of different types; some are based on the number of users that are allowed to use the program and others are based on the number of systems on which a program can be run.

UAVs are commonly referred to as drones or remotely piloted aircraft. These vehicles are either operated by remote control from the ground or by onboard computers. Conventional UAVs range from large-sized UAVs employed for tactical missions and powered by an internal combustion engine, to small electric-powered UAVs. However, new technologies have been entering the market over the last decade. Of late, photovoltaic cells, hydrogen fuel cells, and hybrid-electric propulsion engines are increasingly used to power these UAVs.

Nuclear medicine is a specialty branch of medical imaging that involves the use of modalities such as SPECT and PET scans. These technologies help detect and evaluate various disorders in the areas of oncology, cardiology, and neurology. Modalities for nuclear medicine involve the use of a minimal amount of radioisotopes that are either injected, swallowed, or inhaled by an individual. These radioisotopes reach the specific organ targeted by the pharmaceutical compound and emits radiations that can be detected using a scanner or a detector.

Meningitis (meningococcal diseases) is characterized by inflammation of the protective lining (meninges) present around the brain and spinal cord. It can be classified into infectious and non-infectious meningitis. Based on the types of organism, infectious meningitis is sub-divided into bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis, fungal meningitis, and parasitic meningitis. Bacterial meningitis occurs due to bacterial species such as hemophilus influenzae, listeria monocytogenes, neisseria meningitidis, and streptococcus pneumoniae. The infection can spread to the bloodstream, leading to septicemia. An infection by Neisseria meningitidis can result in meningococcal disease, which is associated with the simultaneous occurrence of meningitis and septicemia. Patients either recover or may suffer from long-term effects such as neurological defects. It is usually treated with antibiotics, and preventive measures involve the administration of vaccines.

Human-machine interaction has reduced the gap between the two and developed a more natural and intuitive interaction. Humans have come a long way from controlling machines through switches fitted on them to remote controls, and currently, through smartphones. In the future, it will be through natural gestures. Gesture control is by far the most natural form of controlling a device.

The global SSL and fluorescent lighting market includes lighting applications for residential, commercial, outdoor, industrial, and architectural purposes. The commercial and residential segments are the major drivers of the market. Fluorescent lights are categorized into LFLs and compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), and SSLs are categorized into LEDs and organic LEDs (OLEDs).