Network optimization comprises technologies, tools, and techniques that help to maintain, improve, or maximize performance across all network domains. These elements are used to monitor, manage, and optimize performance metrics to help ensure the highest levels of service for users throughout the network. This report features information on over-the-top network optimization service platforms offered by key vendors. Furthermore, it highlights the strategies adopted by key market players to improve their market share and sustain competition.

In the last few years, some of the major technological advancements have taken place in the information technological sector and handling passenger information system. Such software and service activities has led to increased product innovation and services for Passenger Information System and demand. Increasing advance technologies, rise in demand for mobile based applications that provides hassle-free operations, and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technology are some of the factors, which are expected to create lucrative opportunity for the Passenger Information System market in the upcoming years. It becomes necessary for passengers to present real-time information. Apart from only static or scheduled information they also demand intelligent public transportation system which provides real time information of different regions, drivers, routes, upcoming stations, weather conditions, cancellation of tickets etc. As the demand for real-time information of passengers is increasing, transport service providers and transit agencies are utilizing PIS solutions and services to improve the travel experience of passengers which makes it one of the significant factors driving the demand for Passenger Information System globally. Emergence of technological advancement includes Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning, 5 G networking, The Internet of Things (IoT) and Cloud and edge computing, advanced networking, communication technologies and appropriate mobile applications which makes information accessible to passengers in advance. These solutions would be helpful in emergency or managing incident as real time information can be delivered over the network.

从大数据资产交易机制建设和完善的视角，提出大数据确权是促进数据要素市场培育、数据资产有效流动的前提，大数据确权包括所有权、开发权和使用权，给出了大数据资产权属界定和交易、流通的方法。在大数据价值链条各环节，根据参与者的智力劳动和经济资源投入情况，提出了数据资产收益分配机制建立依据，这也是进一步促进数据共享、培育大数据交易市场的关键。基于区块链技术，建立了根据区块链特性的数据资产权属确认和交易流程，提出了原始数据、数据产品确权和交易共享机制。

工业互联网作为工业制造网络化和数字化的根基，自《关于推动工业互联网加快发展的通知》提出后，工业互联网信息基础建设和创新进入发展快车道。区块链作为“新基建”中的新兴技术，其具有集体维护、防篡改、多方共识、可溯源等特点，是实现工业产业数字化、网络化、智能化发展的重要技术基础设施，有助于解决传统工业数据共享难、确权难、流转难，过程追溯难，产业链协同难等问题。基于区块链的工业互联网公共服务平台，可以实现数据可信收集，知识成果可控、可信转移，有助于工业互联网产业向集群化、数字化转型升级，真正实现全产业链的连接，发挥数据作为核心生产要素的价值，推动全新的工业生产制造和服务体系新生态的形成。

隐私计算指在提供隐私保护的前提下，实现数据价值挖掘的技术体系。在大数据蓬勃发展的背景下，人们日益强烈地渴望在享受各种服务的同时满足隐私保护的需求，而区块链能够在多主体参与的场景下以低成本的方式构建信任基础，区块链和隐私计算技术的结合具有很重要的应用价值。本报告对区块链和隐私计算平台进行了简要概述，重点介绍了区块链融合隐私计算的作用以及其他相关功能，最后对现有的几种基于区块链的隐私计算平台进行了详细介绍。

Prime editing and CRISPR is a genome editing technology in the field of molecular biology in which the genome of living organism are modified by search and replace technique. Prime editing is composed of two component such as an engineered prime editing guide RNA (pregRNA) and a prime editor (PE). It includes different genetic engineering tools and technique for alteration of a particular DNA sequence. For the purpose of analysis, the prime editing and CRISPR market is segmented into service, application, end user and region. The market study provides the dynamics and trends of the global prime editing and CRISPR market. It offers market estimations and forecasts for the gene editing service such as cell line engineering, genomic regulation, gene editing and gene modified cell therapy. However, it excludes the revenue generated from the equipment, and software used in gene editing along with revenue generated from environmental repositories service.

According to the National Cancer Society, Nutrigenomics is the study of a person’s gene and its interaction with the food consumed by the person. The study lays the foundation for the concept of “personalized nutrition.” The research field is highly dependent on the recent developments and advancements of the technologies that allow the processing of large amounts of data relating to gene variants.

Nucleic acid isolation and purification is the preliminary step in the field of molecular biology research accompanied with recombinant techniques. The nucleic acid isolation process majorly includes enzymatic digestion and mechanical and chemical disruption. On the other hand, purification consists of the combination of precipitation, chromatography, centrifugation, electrophoresis, and separation. The process of nucleic acid isolation aids sample processing by reducing the time, significantly minimizes nucleic acid loss, and enhances experimental process efficiency and effectiveness. The obtained purified product is further used in recombinant technology methods, thereby making it suitable for targeted purposes in the field of omics research. The advantages offered by nucleic acid isolation and purification significantly aid scientists and researchers to obtain high-quality starting material for conducting downstream applications, thereby generating accurate results.

The market dynamics section of the report examines the diverse factors which govern the process of manufacturing, distribution, and usage of nucleic acid therapies globally. This analysis provides an in-depth understanding of the present and the future directions in which the market is headed and the impact of various factors on the same. This chapter covers the major market dynamics, namely, the drivers, challenges, business strategies, corporate strategies, and opportunities, analyzing several factors that positively and negatively affect the global nucleic acid therapeutics CDMO market.

3D printing is also known as additive printing technology, which allows manufacturers to build models using a variety of printing materials. Materials used for 3D printing include various types of polymers, metals, ceramics, and others. These printers feature extremely fine resin prints, utilizing a liquid base that is solidified using a UV light to create the solid objects. Personal 3D printers differ from professional-grade printers, in that they are much less expensive and the software needed to run them is much more user-friendly.