Pharmaceutical is related to people's health and life safety directly, we can track and control pharmaceutical safety and quality by constructing the traceable system of pharmaceutical's whole life cycle, including raw materials, production, transportation and storage. This paper develops a pharmaceutical production management system based on RFID technology, the system realizes the drug security by RFID, puts forward a pharmaceutical coding method according to EPCgloble, constructs a scheduling method and a monitoring of the pharmaceutical production process, and then it will be traceable for the information of pharmaceutical production process.

关键词：医药；RFID；医药产品；生产管理系统

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Posttraumatic osteoarthritis affects approximately 5.6 million Americans annually. Those affected are typically younger and more active than persons with primary osteoarthritis. Arthrodesis is the typical management option for persons with end-stage ankle and subtalar posttraumatic arthritis. Arthroplasty is typically reserved for elderly persons. The functional limitations resulting from any of these strategies make treatment of this young population challenging. Combat wounds frequently lead to severe lower extremity injuries. We present a series of patients with severe posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle and subtalar joint after combat trauma. They were treated at our institution with an integrated orthotic and rehabilitation initiative called the Return To Run clinical pathway. This clinical pathway may serve as an alternative or adjunct to arthrodesis and arthroplasty for young patients with severe posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the ankle and subtalar joint.

关键词：康复技术；创伤性关节炎

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To provide efficient public transportation services in areas with high demand variability over time, it may be desirable to switch vehicles between conventional services (with fixed routes and schedules) during peak periods and flexible route service during low demand periods. We call this possibility a variable-type service. In this research project we compare conventional, flexible and variable-type service alternatives optimized for various conditions in order to explore when variable-type bus services might be preferable to pure ones. The optimization models used for purely conventional or flexible services are adapted from previous studies. These models are integrated into a new model for optimizing variable-type bus services. The results of sensitivity analyses show how the demand variability over time and other factors affect the relative effectiveness of conventional, flexible and variable-type bus services.

关键词：电子信息；系统；公共交通；路线整合

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The optimization of the real-time operations associated with a bus system is formulated under a hybrid predictive control (HPC) approach. Both the objective function and the predictive model are essential for HPC design. For the sake of simplicity, in this work, the HPC framework is constructed for a single-loop bus system, although it could be extended to more complex systems according to a similar modeling framework. The system is represented in Fig. 4.1. The network is a one-way loop route with P equidistant stops and b buses running around the loop under the control of the dispatcher.

关键词：电子信息；系统；公共交通；运营决策

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Conventional bus service (with fixed routes and schedules) has lower average cost than flexible bus service (with demand-responsive routes) at high demand densities. At low demand densities flexible bus service has lower average costs and provides user-friendly door-to-door service. Bus size is interrelated with service type since large buses have lower average cost per passenger than small buses at high demand densities, and vice versa. The service type and vehicle size decisions are jointly optimized here for a bus transit system connecting a major terminal to local regions. Bus sizes, conventional route spacing and flexible service area are the decision variables in a proposed algorithm which optimizes a multi-dimensional nonlinear integer optimization problem. Numerical analysis shows how the proposed Variable Mode & Multiple Fleets Operation can reduce total cost compared to a Single Fleet & Single Mode operation. The sensitivity of results to important parameters is explored.

关键词：电子信息；系统；公共交通；路线整合

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This meeting was the fifth in a series of spotlight conferences funded by the university transportation centers (UTC) program of the U.S. Department of Transportations Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA). The UTC program awards grants to universities across the country to advance the state of the art in transportation research, to conduct technology transfer activities, and to educate the next generation of transportation professionals. TRB assembled a planning committee, appointed by the National Research Council (NRC), to help organize and develop the conference program. The planning committee was chaired by Lisa Aultman-Hall of the University of Vermont. Committee members provided expertise in bicycle and pedestrian transportation, transit planning and operations, land use, urban street design, and management of transportation organizations. The planning committee was responsible solely for organizing the conference, identifying speakers, reviewing submitted poster abstracts, and developing topics for the breakout group discussions.

关键词：电子信息；系统；交通；社区

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Wireless communications will be fundamental in future Machine-to-Machine (M2M) pervasive environments where new applications are expected to employ sensing and actuating devices that are able to autonomously communicate without human intervention. M2M devices using wireless communications are expected to represent fundamental components of a future Internet where applications will allow users to transparently interact with its physical surroundings. The heterogeneity of the characteristics envisioned for M2M devices and applications calls for new approaches regarding how devices communicate wirelessly at the various protocol layers and how security should be designed for such communications. As such devices and communications are expected to support security-critical applications, the security of M2M wireless communications is particularly important. Since most M2M wireless devices will be seriously constrained in terms of computational capability and energy, security for M2M wireless communications must consider such limitations. This implies that existing security mechanisms may not be appropriate for M2M communications. The particular characteristics and the heterogeneity of the characteristics of M2M devices is currently motivating the design of a plethora of new communication protocols at the various communication layers. As M2M is a fundamentally recent research area, we currently verify a lack of research contributions that are clearly able to identify the main issues and approaches in targeting security on M2M environments. In this chapter we analyze security for wireless communications considering also protocols in the process of standardization, as such technologies are likely to contribute to future standard communications architecture for wireless M2M systems. We start by addressing the security issues and vulnerabilities related with the usage of wireless M2M communication technologies on applications in various application environments. Such threats to wireless communications are present not only due to the usage of wireless communication in security-threatening environments but also to the inherent constraints of M2M sensing devices. We also discuss ways for strengthening security for wireless communications at the various layers of the communications stack. We also verify that most of the current proposals for M2M wireless communications technologies lack fundamental security assurances and discuss how this major challenge may be targeted by research and standardization work. The goal of this chapter is twofold, as on the one side we perform a survey on the main security issues of the usage of currently available M2M wireless communication technologies and also discuss the main approaches to introduce security for such communications, while on the other side we discuss future approaches to security in wireless M2M environments. Various characteristics of such environments will pose challenges and motivate new approaches for security. In fact, many aspects of M2M applications will require a paradigm shift in how security is designed for M2M applications, devices and wireless communications technologies.

关键词：电子信息；信息安全；网络安全；无线；M2M系统

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Providing public transit on a fare-free basis for all passengers has tantalized public policymakers for decades. Proponents claim that if other public services such as schools, libraries, and parks (as well as most roads) are considered important enough to provide at no charge to the user, then providing everyone in the community with at least a basic means of mobility should also be a public good. The purpose of this synthesis is to document the past and current experiences of public transit agencies that have planned, implemented, and operated fare-free systems.

关键词：电子信息；系统；交通实践

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IT security, even if once achieved, is not a permanent state but rather a process. One of the main factors that impact this process is the ability to identify security vulnerabilities in the software. Disclosing such a flaw is usually followed by issuing a patch. However, for main-tainers of a heterogeneous and compound environment, being up to date with all necessary fixes, may be an unexpectedly difficult task. Developing custom software in a grid project introduces another dimension to this problem. The SARA system for static security control has been developed to help the administrators with that issue.

关键词：电子信息；信息安全；网络安全；网格设施；静态控制

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In 2003, the U.S. Fire Administration (USFA) announced a goal to reduce firefighter fatalities by 25 perent within 5 years and 50 percent within 10 years. It also committed to doing research that would support that goal. The consistently high annual percentage of fatalities related to fire department response and roadway scene operations prompted the USFA to look at several aspects related to these collisions in an effort to improve responder safety.

关键词：电子信息；系统；交通事故管理

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