The Dual Optical Embedded Dust Sensor (DOEDS) is designed for the sensitive, accurate detection of particles for preventive health monitoring of the AGT1500 engine and M1 Abrams/Ground Combat Vehicles (GCVs). DOEDS is a real- time sensor that uses an innovative combination of optical particle sensing technologies and mechanical packaging in a rugged, compact and non-intrusive optical design. The optical sensor, implementing both a single particle sensor and a mass sensor, can operate in harsh environments (up to 400 deg F) to meet the particle size, size distribution, mass concentration, and response time criteria. The sensor may be flush- or inline-mounted in multiple engine locations and environments.

关键词：光机电；传感器；光学内嵌；车辆预警

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Designing a high frequency (HF) magnetic field direction finding (DF) array for use onboard a military aircraft is the challenge that drives the effort of the research presented. The frequency range of interest, 2-32 MHz, has a maximum wavelength (150 meters) that exceeds the maximum length of any platform in the USAF inventory. The large wavelengths in the HF range make it difficult to accurately estimate from which direction a magnetic field is emitting. Accurate DF estimates are necessary for search and rescue operations and geolocating RF emitters of interest. The primary goal of this research is to characterize the performance of the MGL-S8A (Multi-Gap loop) B-Dot sensor. Although the sensors are designed to operate at frequencies above 5 GHz, their small size and potential to accurately detect magnetic fields in the 2-32 MHz range make them likely to be one type of an ensemble of sensors in the design of a HF DF array. The sensors are characterized in the azimuthal angles of 0, 45, -45, 90, and -90 degrees. Each sensor is characterized using two different types of magnetic field generators: a transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell and a Helmholtz coil. The TEM cell generates a consistent magnetic field that acts as the input to the B-Dot sensor. The second type of magnetic field generator used, which is the secondary objective of this research, is a Helmholtz coil. An ideally designed Helmholtz coil is intended to be an inexpensive alternative to help in the characterization of B-Dot sensors in the HF range. The sensors can accurately measure electromagnetic (EM) fields in the HF range. Although the detection capability of the sensors is good, small differences between the 0 and 45 degree measurements may make it difficult for the sensors to be used in a DF array.

关键词：光机电；传感器；磁场；高频

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Obtaining accurate non-cooperative geolocation is vital for persistent surveillance of a hostile emitter. Current research for developing a small, cheap and energy efficient sensor network for non-cooperative geolocation measurements via received signal strength (RSS) is limited. Most existing work focuses on simulating a non-cooperative network (NN) and in doing so, simulated models often ignore localization errors caused from the hardware processing raw RSS data and often model environment-dependent errors as random. By comparing real-time measured non-cooperative geolocation data to a simulated system a more accurate model can be developed. This thesis discusses the development and performance of a small, low cost, low complexity, and energy efficient sensor network that can locate a NN via RSS. The main focus of this research effort is designing a Poor Man's Spectrum Analyzer (PMSA) to locate a wireless device in a non-cooperative network (NN) that is transmitting in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) radio band of 2.403 GHz to 2.48 GHz by measuring the emitter's received signal strength (RSS).

关键词：光机电；传感器；发射器；无线方向查找器

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This technical report is duplicative documentation of the approved doctorial thesis of one of the co-authors. The research was funded in part by the U.S. Army Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center (AMRDEC) for the development of micromechanical sensors under the Army Technology Objective (ATO) of Sensor, Warhead, and Fuzing Technology Integrated for Combined Effects (SWFTICE). Particular technical progress at AMRDEC within this report includes resonant array processing (Chapter 3), electrets integration with Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) with localized heater fabrication for wafer bonding and microcharging grids for in-situ charging using microcoronas (Chapter 4), and processing of MEMS transducers (Chapter 5).

关键词：光机电；微机电系统；传感器；探测器；导弹；加热器；光谱

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In today's military environment, emphasis has been placed on bandwidth efficiency and total use of the available spectrum. Current communication standards divide the spectrum into several different frequency bands, all of which are assigned to one or multiple primary users. Cognitive Radio utilizes potential white spaces that exist between currently defined channels or in time. One under-explored dimension of white space exploration is spatial. If a frequency band is being used in one region, it may be underutilized, or not occupied in another. Using an active localization method can allow for the discovery of spatial white; trying to spatially map all of the frequencies in a large area would become very computationally intensive, and may even be impractical using modern centralized methods. Applying a distributed method and the concepts discussed in Wireless Distributed Computing to the problem can be scaled onto many small wireless sensors and could improve the measuring system's effectiveness. For a bandwidth contested environment that must be spectrally mapped, three metrics stand out: Accuracy, Power Consumption, and Latency. All of these metrics must be explored and measured to determine which method could be most effectively applied to the spectral mapping of a spatial environment.

关键词：光机电；传感器；无线网络；有源发射器

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This research investigates the potential for Plug-n-Play sensor integration for navigation and other applications. Specifically, the requirements of such a system are outlined and attempts are made to achieve them using two separate systems: one using Robot Operating System (ROS) as middleware and the other using more traditional software design patterns. The end result is not so much a deliverable in terms of software, but more of a feasibility analysis comparing the two approaches.

关键词：光机电；传感器；导航；集成

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Landing mission concepts that are being developed for exploration of planetary bodies are increasingly ambitious in their implementations and objectives. Most of these missions require accurate position and velocity data during their descent phase in order to ensure safe soft landing at the pre-designated sites. To address this need, a Doppler lidar is being developed by NASA under the Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance (ALHAT) project. This lidar sensor is a versatile instrument capable of providing precision velocity vectors, vehicle ground relative altitude, and attitude. The capabilities of this advanced technology have been demonstrated through two helicopter flight test campaigns conducted over a vegetation-free terrain in 2008 and 2010. Presently, a prototype version of this sensor is being assembled for integration into a rocket-powered terrestrial free-flyer vehicle. Operating in a closed loop with vehicle's guidance and navigation system, the viability of this advanced sensor for future landing missions will be demonstrated through a series of flight tests in 2012.

关键词：光机电；传感器；多普勒激光雷达；着陆

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The Dempster-Shafer Theory, a generalization of the Bayesian theory, is based on the idea of belief and as such can handle ignorance. When all of the required information is available, many data fusion methods provide a solid approach. Yet, most do not have a good way of dealing with ignorance. In the absence of information, these methods must then make assumptions about the sensor data. However, the real data may not fit well within the assumed model. Consequently, the results are often unsatisfactory and inconsistent. The Dempster-Shafer Theory is not hindered by incomplete models or by the lack of prior information. Evidence is assigned based solely on what is known, and nothing is assumed. Hence, it can provide a fast and accurate means for multi- sensor fusion with ignorance. In this research, we apply the Dempster-Shafer Theory in target tracking and in gait analysis. We also discuss the Dempster- Shafer framework for fusing data from a Global Positioning System (GPS) and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) sensor unit for precise local navigation. Within this application, we present solutions where GPS outages occur.

关键词：光机电；传感器；融合；DS证据方法

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No abstract available.

关键词：光机电；传感器；人工神经网络；海洋

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No abstract available.

关键词：光机电；传感器；无线网络；JSC

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