Coating additives are the fundamental components of coating raw materials that are used for the formulation of paints and coating materials. They are added in small quantities to a coating material to enhance their features during manufacturing, storage, transport, and application. The number of additives in a coating formulation is rarely more than 5% by weight. The average proportion of a single additive in a formulation is usually around 1.6% of the total quantity of the coating formulation. The fundamental purpose of using additives in a coating formulation is to enhance the characteristic properties imparted by the main components of the coating material, namely the binder, pigment, and solvent. Coating additives improve the dispersion of solids, wetting, foam-reduction, anti-whittling, and UV protection. It plays a major role in giving an aesthetic and glossy appeal to the material and prevents surfaces from dents, UV, scratch, corrosion, and rusting of metallic parts of tanks, radiators, fences, and metal furniture.

The earth’s atmosphere has an abundance of components that play a key role in geological processes and other chemical reactions. The most abundant components on the planet include hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. Hydrogen is the third most abundant component after silicon and oxygen and plays an essential role in the sustainability of life on the planet. Hydrogen is used as a reagent in several industrial sectors such as chemicals, electronics, metallurgy, and textile fiber manufacturing. Also, hydrogen is known to have the lowest impact on the environment and is used in power generation and transportation applications. Hydrogen is the most efficient energy carrier and can be obtained from different raw materials, such as water, natural gas, methane, or biomass. Hydrogen can be extracted from either of these raw materials using electrolysis or the steam methane reforming process. Approximately 4% of all hydrogen manufactured worldwide is extracted through the water electrolysis process.

The growing prevalence of diabetes worldwide is accelerating the demand for selfmonitoring blood glucose devices and test strips. For instance, around 10% of people are suffering from diabetes related complications in the US. Diabetes has been identified as the seventh leading cause of death in the US as it is known to cause cardiovascular conditions such as heart attacks, stroke, and blood clots. Other complications associated with diabetes include kidney-related diseases and amputation of lower limbs. Therefore, regular monitoring of blood glucose levels by diabetic patients and undiagnosed individuals is critical in effectively managing this chronic condition.

The air purifier market is one of the growing markets in the electronic appliances industry. The use of air purifiers is growing across countries, particularly those where the concentration of pollution is increasing. Growth in industrial activities, urbanization, traffic pollution, and emissions from factories and household activities are the major growth drivers of the air purifier market. The market is witnessing increasing demand from regions such as APAC, Europe, and North America. Some of the advantages of air purifiers include:

美国的交通运输系统在历史发展中缺乏足够的公共交通资源，不利于贫困人群和有色人种的出行。对此，美国政府基于新出行技术带来的出行便利性，将网约车和微型交通作为公共交通的补充。新出行技术能够减少交通不平等，但是，如果没有予以适当的引导，它们可能会加剧现不平等现象。消除出行技术发展过程中的障碍，促进交通公平是必要的举措。本文基于美国城市研究所（The Urban Institute）2020年6月发布的美国运用新出行技术促进交通运输公平性的研究报告，分析美国实际状况，并对我国的交通出行提出了相关建议。

美国拥有高度繁荣的城市，但城市交通面临许多亟待解决的问题，包括道路设施老化、碳排放增加、交通事故频发、公平性不足等。美国城市交通“绿色新政”旨在为上述问题提供解决方案，使美国的城市和郊区变得更绿色、安全、健康、公正、繁荣。美国的城市交通“绿色新政”，可以为我国的城市交通发展提供一定的启示。

国际咨询公司Resonance Consultancy发布了《2020年美国最佳小城市报告》（The 2020 America’s Best Small Cities Report）。报告针对美国小城市，基于地理位置、产品、人口、繁荣程度、项目活动、推广提升六大核心建立评价指标体系，综合运用统计数据和定性评价数据，进行了最佳小城市的排名。针对排名结果的分析解读表明，美国最佳小城市的地理位置具有局部集中但整体均衡的特征；人口规模与排名位序有正相关关系，即人口规模越大，最佳城市排序越靠前；上榜的最佳小城市中，教育程度、连接性、夜生活、收入水平、公园户外等因素是反映城市吸引力和魅力的主要亮点。美国最佳小城市的特征分析对于中国中小城市的高质量发展具有一定的借鉴意义。

本文对“一带一路”沿线新兴城市菲律宾达沃的城市经济发展状况与特点进行了梳理分析。研究表明，达沃市作为菲律宾对接东盟东部增长区的重要城市，经济发展势头良好，在农业、信息技术外包、旅游业等领域形成了具有特色的经济体系，城市对外经济联系水平不断提升。达沃的经济发展中还面临基础设施水平、产业发展阶段、体制机制等方面的约束，需要在对外经济合作中有针对性地进行新一轮改革。

在俄罗斯“改革”年代，尽管不同派别的作家对“改革”的态度各不相同，但普遍比较关心政治，表现出较高的政治热情，有的人积极参加政治活动甚至从政。本文主要讲述了在苏联解体，后自由派作家的失望和消沉，爱国者的痛惜和反抗，以及持不同政见作家的反思和教训。

大伦敦政府于2018年发布面向2050年的《伦敦环境战略》愿景规划，提出“最绿色全球城市”的目标定位。该规划基于伦敦未来城市环境面临的重大挑战，从空气质量、绿色基础设施、气候变化、废弃物处理、噪声控制、低碳循环经济等多方面提出城市绿色环保发展的推进举措，并明确了绿色伦敦、清洁伦敦、未来准备等三大主题与战略实施的五个原则。该愿景规划对于中国特大型城市的环境保护与低碳经济发展具有借鉴意义。