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4051.使用加氢热解和加氢转化技术将生物质转化为汽油和柴油的研究（报告期：2010.4.1——2012.12.1）
[电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业] [2014-03-26]
These studies show when using IH2 technology, biomass can be converted directly to transportation quality fuel blending components for the same capital cost required for pyrolysis alone, and a fraction of the cost of pyrolysis plus upgrading of pyrolysis oil. Technoeconomic work for IH2 and lifecycle analysis (LCA) work has also been completed as part of this DOE study and shows IH2 technology can convert biomass to gasoline and diesel blending components for less than $2.00/gallon with greater than 90reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. As a result of the work completed in this DOE project, a joint development agreement was reached with CRI Catalyst Company to license the IH2 technology.
关键词：生物质能；加氢热解；加氢转化；汽油；柴油；交通能源
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4052.可拓学理论应用于机器人动态平衡恢复的实时控制
[电气机械和器材制造业] [2014-03-26]
This paper presents a robot real time control method and system in order to restore the hexapod robot equilibrium position.Traditional methods for this problem generally define a line between the area where the robot is in stable equilibrium and the area where the robot loses its equilibrium.As opposed to traditional methods, in this research, extension set is applied to the definition of an adaptive zone-extension set which is calculated by dependent function and from which the equilibrium position of the hexapod robot can be restored.
关键词：光机电；机器人；可拓学；实时控制
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4053.低碳微合金钢的方铁矿的等温转变
[黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业] [2014-03-26]
The isothermal transformation of wustite (FeO) in the range of 650～350℃ was studied using Gleeble 3500 thermal simulated test machine,electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).A wustite layer was initially formed by oxidizing low carbon micro-alloyed steel in air at 880℃ for 20 seconds.The layer was then isothermally annealed at 650-350℃ in argon for up to 10000 seconds.The transformation of FeO was comprised by a proeutectoid reaction and a eutectoid reaction.
关键词：钢铁；氧化亚铁；等温转变
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4054.超临界水氧化处理技术处理焦化废水中316L不锈钢和625合金的腐蚀性能
[黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业] [2014-03-26]
The corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel and alloy 625 were deteced in superciritical water oxidation (SCWO) process for coking wastewater treatment.The operation conditions were 500 ℃, 25 MPa, oxygen ratio of 3.5 and the reaction time of 150 h.Surface morphologies of metal samples, oxide structure and compositions across the oxide thickness of the metal samples after SCWO were analyzed using SEM and ESD, and the corrosion rates for both samples were obtained.Pitting corrosion was found on the surface of 316L stainless steel with a corrosion rate of 0.334 mrn/a.While no remarkable corrosion was found on the surface of alloy 625, and the corrosion rote is 0.052 mm/a.
关键词：钢铁；腐蚀；超临界水氧化技术；焦化废水；316L不锈钢；625合金
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4055.强制对流S32205双相不锈钢细化晶粒的影响
[黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业] [2014-03-26]
The effects of forced convection on grain refinement of S32205 duplex stainless steel (DSS)were investigated using a continuous casting simulation setup.The sample,which was called slab simulating unit here,was solidified in the continuous casting simulation setup,whose temperature was controlled according to the cooling curve of a DSS slab center,with the bottom cooled by rtmning water to simulate the solidification process of slab.
关键词：钢铁；双相不锈钢；细化晶粒；等轴晶粒；CET
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4056.轧后冷却工艺对铌钛微合金化低碳贝氏体钢组织性能的影响
[黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业] [2014-03-26]
The influence of cooling process on microstructure,second phase precipitation and mechanical property of Nb-Ti Micro-alloyed Low-Carbon Bainitic Steel has been examined by metalloscope and TEM.The results lustrate that accelerated cooling after air-cooling (relaxation) to a certain temperature could obtain ferrite / bainite dual phase structure.
关键词：钢铁；铌钛微合金；低碳贝氏体；组织性能；冷却过程
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4057.双足机器人的最佳能源效益步态
[电气机械和器材制造业] [2014-03-26]
Although people's legs are capable of a broad range of muscle-use and gait patterns,they generally prefer just two,walking and running.A popular hypothesis regarding legged locomotion is that humans and other large animals walk and run in a manner that minimizes the metabolic energy expenditure for locomotion.Here,a mathematical model for a simple two-dimensional planar kneed walker with point feet and two bended knees is discussed.An energy-effective gait is designed by using pieeewise torque method.Then,the robot model can exhibit a natural and reasonable walk on a level ground.The results can prove that the proposed optimal energy-effective gait is suitable for this kneed biped walking robot.And we also discover some walking rules maybe true through the results of optimization.
关键词：光机电；机器人；优化；能源效益
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4058.纳米级植物细胞壁结构实时成像技术，有关纤维素酶易得性及降解的动力学分析
[电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业,医药制造业] [2014-03-26]
Presentation on real-time imaging of plant cell wall structure at nanometer scale. Objectives are to develop tools to measure biomass at the nanometer scale; elucidate the molecular bases of biomass deconstruction; and identify factors that affect the conversion efficiency of biomass-to-biofuels.
关键词：生物质能；植物细胞；纤维素酶；降解；实时成像；分子生物学
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4059.从生物质基糠醛聚酯合成生物质基单体的研究及其生物质碳比率评估
[电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业] [2014-03-26]
Fully biomass-based poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) was obtained by polycondensation of biomass-based 1,4-butanediol and biomass-based succinic acid or dimethyl succinate. Succinic anhydride (SAn) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) were also synthesized from furfural. Fully biomass-based poly(butylene oxide-co-butylene succinate) was obtained by ring-opening polymerization of biomass-based SAn and THF. Partially biomass-based poly(butylene terephthalate) was obtained by polycondensation of biomass-based 1,4-butanediol and petroleum-based terephthalic acid. The biomass carbon ratio calculated from ~(14)C concentrations measured by accelerator mass spectroscopy verified that the PBS obtained in this study contained only biomass carbon.
关键词：生物质能；糠醛；生物质基单体；碳比率
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4060.生物气燃料电池研讨会总结报告（2012.6.11——2012.6.13）
[电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业] [2014-03-26]
The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), held a Biogas and Fuel Cells Workshop on June 11-13, 2012, in Golden, Colorado, to discuss biogas and waste-to-energy technologies for fuel cell applications. The meeting was spearheaded by the Fuel Cell Technologies Program in coordination with the Biomass Program. The overall objective was to identify opportunities for coupling renewable biomethane with highly efficient fuel cells to produce electricity; heat; combined heat and power (CHP); or combined heat, hydrogen and power. The workshop focused on biogas sourced from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), landfills, and industrial facilities that generate or process large amounts of organic waste, including large biofuel production facilities (biorefineries).
关键词：生物质能；生物质燃料；燃料电池；厌氧消化；沼气处理；直接能量转换；可再生能源
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