The feasibility of two-stage Space-Based Solar Power to Tethered Aerostat to Earth (SSP-TA) system architectures that offer significant advantages over conventional single stage space-to-earth architectures is being studied. There have been many proposals for the transmission of solar power collected in space to the surface of the earth so that solar energy could provide a major part of the electric power requirements on earth. There are, however, serious difficulties in implementing the single stage space-based solar power systems that have been previously studied. These difficulties arise due to: (i) the cost of transporting the components needed for the extremely large microwave transmit beaming aperture into space orbit, (ii) the even larger collection apertures required on earth, (iii) the potential radiation hazard to personnel and equipment on earth, and iv) a lack of flexibility in location of the collection station on the earth. Two candidate system architectures are described here to overcome these difficulties. In both cases a two-stage space to tethered aerostat to earth transmission system (SSP-TA) is proposed. The use of high altitude tethered aerostats (or powered airships) avoids the effects of attenuation of EM energy propagating through the earth s lower atmosphere. This allows the use of beaming frequencies to be chosen from the range of high millimeter (THz) to near-infrared (NIR) to the visible. This has the potential for: (i) greatly reduced transportation costs to space, (ii) much smaller receiver collection apertures and ground stations, (iii) elimination of the potential radiation hazard to personnel and equipment on earth, and iv) ease in transportation and flexibility in location of the collection station on the earth. A preliminary comparison of system performance and efficiencies is presented.

关键词：地面辐射;太阳能;圈养;孔径;接收器

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Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) are essential for oil eld operations. Currently available SCADA systems often do not incorporate recent technological advances that allow ecient network administration, over-the-air (OTA) programmability, and easy scalability to thousands of locations. Additionally, today's SCADA systems are not cost-e ective for wells with low production rates such as CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR). This paper proposes a SCADA system design that is based on a popular hybrid single-board computer. The controller is connected to a local wireless Ethernet/IP network with a secure IP-addressable radio and subsequently to the corporate intranet at the eld central processing facility. The hybrid acts as a powerful and low-cost core for the controller. It is programmable in Python, and it is exible, with provisions for digital outputs and most sensor inputs, as well as wireless sensor connections over Wi-Fi or Xbee radio standards. Sensor data are acquired and processed prior to being uploaded to a central database. To access the wellhead data, users log into a web-based graphical user interface (GUI). Similarly, the network structure allows users with proper permissions to send commands to, reprogram, and access the le system of individual controllers. Furthermore, the system applies an optimized control algorithm for sucker-rod pumps based on the Everitt-Jennings algorithm[1]. A prototype unit was deployed in a North Dakota oil eld with a total material cost of less than $1000. The system has applications in the oil eld beyond arti cial lift control and wellhead sensing. With appropriate programming, the same hardware can be used for tank level monitoring, process condition monitoring, and alarming. The high level of control and programmability allows for ecient responses to dynamic oil eld conditions.

关键词：数据监控；数据采集；系统设计；石油采收

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Temperature sensing under harsh environments is important to various industrial applications, such as automotive industries, gas turbines, aerospace systems and deepwell drilling telemetric systems. Among different types of temperature sensors, semiconductor diode sensors have the advantages of high sensitivity and compatibility with integrated circuits.

关键词：温度感测;半导体二极管;传感器

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Infrared temperature measurement technology is an important means that early detection of equipment external overheating fault and internal insulation fault,and advanced detection methods of power equipment condition monitoring.Infrared temperature measurement technology found the hidden dangers of electrical equipment heating of the external connection points,has been widely applied in power system.With comparing the original ant colony optimization,this paper presents an improved weighted Ant Colony Optimization path planning algorithm based on Infrared image acquisition noise reduction processing and combining WCDMA network transmission mode,and constitute a visual background management system with rural power network.The system could capture power equipment infrared images and reduction noise simply,send it to the background server through the 3G network,for artificial auxiliary to predicting grid failure,scientific planning repair inspection path with improved navigation algorithm,and improve the stability of the power grid operation.

关键词：电力系统；红外图像；分销网络；导航检修；蚁群优化

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关键词：医药；乳腺癌；菌落（生物）；表皮

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The heterogeneity of information in m ulti-sensor systems in power system makes information fusion process more difficult,and results in divarication of information fusion.Aiming at this problem,this paper presents an automatic information fusion framework.The main contribution is the method of semantic processing in information fusion.This paper describes the definition of the overall ontology,the method of mapping local information sources of sensors to the overall ontology,the subscription and publication mechanism of semantic information,and the corresponding rules for information fusion.The framework can effectively implement automatic inform ation fusion in multi-sensor systems in order to obtain more comprehensive,secure,accurate and fine-grained overall information.

关键词：多传感器系统；电力系统；信息融合；语义；本体；打印机；信息安全

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Purpose: Despite decades of research, no predictive models of acute mountain sickness (AMS) exist, which identify the time course of AMS severity and prevalence following rapid ascent to various altitudes. Methods: Using general linear and logistic mixed models and a comprehensive database, we analyzed 1292 AMS cerebral factor scores in 308 unacclimatized men and women who spent between 4 and 48 h at altitudes ranging from 1659 to 4501 m under experimentally controlled conditions (low and high activity). Covariates included in the analysis were altitude, time at altitude, activity level, age, body mass index, race, sex, and smoking status. Results: AMS severity increased (P G 0.05) nearly twofold (i.e., 179) for every 1000-m increase in altitude at 20 h of exposure, peaked between 18 and 22 h of exposure, and returned to initial levels by 48 h of exposure regardless of sex or activity level. Peak AMS severity scores were 38higher (P G 0.05) in men compared with women at 20 h of exposure. High active men and women (950of maximal oxygen uptake for 945 min at altitude) demonstrated a 72increase (P G 0.05) in the odds (odds ratio, 1.72; confidence interval, 1.03-3.08) of AMS compared with low active men and women. There was also a tendency (P = 0.10) for men to demonstrate greater odds of AMS (odds ratio, 1.65; confidence interval, 0.84-3.25) compared with women. Age, body mass index, race, and smoking status were not significantly associated with AMS. Conclusions: These models provide the first quantitative estimates of AMS risk over a wide range of altitudes and time points and suggest that in addition to altitude and time at altitude, high activity increases the risk of developing AMS. In addition, men demonstrated increased severity but not prevalence of AMS.

关键词：高原反应，缺氧，高海拔;晋轨迹;低压缺氧;混合模型;

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Propose a detective method of road roughness based on MEMS inertial sensor.This detective method utilizes a unit integrated MEMS inertial sensors and GPS module to perceive the information of road and then achieve the detection of road roughness.Firstly,establish the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) to process the collecting information of acceleration and gyroscope,extract the abnormal events of road.Secondly,use a Concept-Based data clustering model (CBDCM) to achieve the feature description and extraction of various abnormal events.Finally,utilize the position information supplied by GPS to locate the detected road potholes,achieve the detection and supervision of road roughness.Combined with the designed system to conduct test,the experimental result indicates the Fall-out ratio and Omission ratio of pothole events about this detective method is 7.4％ and 5.3％,it indicates that the detective method has a high practical value.

关键词：MEMS惯性传感器；GMM CBDCM；影响比；遗漏率

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Data acquisition is the must fundamental task of the wireless sensor network.This sensor data to reduce redundancy of the compression mechanism,compression module is given a concrete realization of the cost of the LTC algorithm itself.Compression mechanism of the design decisions were discussed motives,given the specific description of the mechanism,combined with the concrete realization of the system compression module analyzes its performance.

关键词：数据采集；数据冗余；成本预测；LTC；压缩判断

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Testing is indispensable when implementing complex systems, but in the case of communication standards, independent testing of different systems does not suffice. Instead, interoperability tests involving all systems, that are to communicate with each other, are needed. This chapter explains, how the efforts for this tests can be minimized, what additional benefits are achievable, and what limitations exist. Additionally, testing for the major Smart Grid standard families IEC 61850 and CIM will be exemplified.

关键词：智能电网；测试；互操作性测试；合规性；一致性

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