For the supervision and control on the unattended electromechanical equipments,this paper applies industrial Ethernet technology to the design of RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) in SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) system.The hardware design of RTU is centered on STM32F107VC,which includes network communication interface,I/O (Input/Output) interface and local memory circuit.The software design,based on the midware of RL-ARM provided by ARM Ltd,comprises multi-task network communication,web server for remote configuration and file system for temporary data storage.The applications show that this intelligent RTU has properties of high reliability,good real-time,high EMC,small volume,low cost and simple implementation.

关键词：STM32；SCADA；RTU模式；RL-ARM；Web服务器

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Theoretical studies of the possibility of forming ammonia electrochemically at ambient temperature and pressure are presented. Density functional theory calculations were used in combination with the computational standard hydrogen electrode to calculate the free energy profile for the reduction of N2 admolecules and N adatoms on several close-packed and stepped transition metal surfaces in contact with an acidic electrolyte. Trends in the catalytic activity were calculated for a range of transition metal surfaces and applied potentials under the assumption that the activation energy barrier scales with the free energy difference in each elementary step. The most active surfaces, on top of the volcano diagrams, are Mo, Fe, Rh, and Ru, but hydrogen gas formation will be a competing reaction reducing the faradaic efficiency for ammonia production. Since the early transition metal surfaces such as Sc, Y, Ti, and Zr bind N-adatoms more strongly than H-adatoms, a significant production of ammonia compared with hydrogen gas can be expected on those metal electrodes when a bias of - 1 V to - 1.5 V vs. SHE is applied. Defect-free surfaces of the early transition metals are catalytically more active than their stepped counterparts.

关键词：氢能；制氢；过渡金属；催化剂；吸附原子

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An amorphous Mg85Ni15 melt-spun hydrogen storage alloy, processed by submersion in an aqueous solution of NH4 +, is able to absorb >5 wt.hydrogen at 473 K during the first hydrogenation cycle. The nanocrystalline microstructure formed during devitrification of the metallic glass is preserved by the lower required activation temperature of the NH4 +- treated material; and the kinetics of subsequent absorption/desorption cycles at 573 K are dramatically improved, compared to the as-spun material. DSC experiments and thermodynamic calculations demonstrate that the decreased crystallite size of the 473 K activated material lowers the hydride decomposition temperature by 20 K to 50 K, in contrast to a sample activated at 573 K. The NH4 +- treatment of a glassy alloy presented here provides a more practical approach to both forming a nanocrystalline material, and facilitating activation, compared to ball milling; requiring much less time and a more commercially scalable option.

关键词：贮氢合金;激活;金属玻璃氢原子;纳米晶微结构

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The world is currently facing an energy and environmental crisis for which new technologies are needed. Development of cost-competitive materials for catalysis and hydrogen storage on-board motor vehicles is crucial to lead subsequent generations into a more sustainable and energy independent future. This thesis presents work toward the scalable synthesis of bimetallic heterostructures that can enable hydrogen to compete with carbonaceous fuels by meeting the necessary gravimetric and volumetric energy densities and by enhancing hydrogen sorption/desorption kinetics near ambient temperatures and pressures. Utilizing the well-known phenomenon of hydrogen spillover, these bimetallic heterostructures could work by lowering the activation energy for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of metals. Herein, we report a novel method for the scalable synthesis of silica templated zero-valent nickel particles (Ni14SiO2) that hold promise for the synthesis of nickel nanorods for use in bimetallic heterostructures for hydrogen storage. Our synthesis proceeds by chemical reduction of a nickel-hydrazine complex with sodium borohydride followed by calcination under hydrogen gas to yield silica encapsulated nickel particles. Transmission electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the general morphology of the resultant nanocapsules as well as the crystalline phases of the incorporated Ni0 nanocrystals. The structures display strong magnetic behavior at room temperature and preliminary data suggests nickel particle size can be controlled by varying the amount of nickel precursor used in the synthesis.

关键词：镍；纳米粒子；纳米复合材料；储氢

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This work proposes a dynamic model of a three-phase catalytic slurry intensified continuous reactor.The model is simulated to describe the dynamic behaviors of the hydrogenation of o-cresol on Ni/SiO2 catalyst.The nominal operating point and the transient responses for different input perturbations are discussed.

关键词：加氢;集约化动态模拟;三相反应;连续反应器

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We analyse the transition state energies for 249 hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions of atoms and simple molecules over close-packed and stepped surfaces and nanoparticles of transition metals using Density Functional Theory. Linear energy scaling relations are observed for the transition state structures leading to transition state scaling relations for all the investigated reactions. With a suitable choice of reference systems the transition state scaling relations form a 15 universality class that can be approximated with one single linear relation describing the entire range of reactions over all types of surfaces and nanoclusters.

关键词：过渡元素；加氢；缩放；原子；化学反应

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Over the past year, the results of the DOE funded research were summarized in 3 review articles. 12 original manuscripts were written. The research results were reported in 28 invited talks at conferences and university seminars. 20 invitations were accepted for talks in the near future. 2 symposia at national and international meetings have being organized this year on topics closely related to the DOE funded project, and 2 more symposia have been planned for the near future. We summarized the insights into photoinduced dynamics of semiconductor QDs, obtained from our time-domain ab initio studies. QDs exhibit both molecular and bulk properties. Unlike either bulk or molecular materials, QD properties can be modified continuously by changing QD shape and size. However, the chemical and physical properties of molecular and bulk materials often contradict each other, which can lead to differing viewpoints about the behavior of QDs. For example, the molecular view suggests strong electron-hole and charge-phonon interactions, as well as slow energy relaxation due to mismatch between electronic energy gaps and phonon frequencies. In contrast, the bulk view advocates that the kinetic energy of quantum confinement is greater than electron-hole interactions, that chargephonon coupling is weak, and that the relaxation through quasi-continuous bands is rapid. By synthesizing the bulk and molecular viewpoints, we clarified the controversies and provided a unified atomistic picture of the nature and dynamics of photoexcited states in semiconductor QDs.

关键词：电子转移；制氢；太阳能；碳；配置

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The influence of hydrogenation on microstructure and tensile properties of Ti40 alloy has been investigated.The microstructure observation reveals that a new phase called η phase with FCC structure appears at the grainboundaries when the hydrogen content above 0.3 wt.％.With increasing hydrogen contents,the strength first increases and then decreases,and the ductility decreases as the specimens tensioned at both room temperature and 700℃.These phenomenons are resulted from the solution strengthening of hydrogen addition in Ti40 alloy with single β phase.As the hydrogen content increases,the fracture mode changes from dimple to cleavage fracture for specimens tensioned at room temperature.When tested at 700℃,the morphology of fracture surfaces in the specimens are all characterized by polygonal grains and the fractograph exhibits typically "sugar candy" brittle fracture for the specimen with 0.5wt％ H

关键词：钛合金;加氢;显微组织演变;拉伸性能

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We use x-ray spectroscopy and density functional theory to investigate the hydrogenation-induced electronic structure changes in graphene on Pt(111). The atom-specific properties of the spectroscopy allow for a direct projection of the band structure onto the carbon atoms; this was compared with the calculated density of states. Instead of the generally expected band opening behavior, we observe states at the Fermi level in the carbon-projected density of states. Hydrogenation is accompanied by pinning of the graphene to the substrate through the formation of local CPt bonds which cause the graphene layer to become metallic upon hydrogenation.

关键词：石墨烯;加氢;原子;碳;密度

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The Renewable Energy Testing Center (RETC) focuses on testing and validating renewable energy technologies related to biomass feedstock, with a particular focus on biofuels for transportation. The Renewable Energy Testing Center program also focuses on supporting relevant and emerging renewable energy technologies in the cellulosic waste, biomass-to-energy, and fuel conversion areas in support of the Department of Defense s (DOD) need for compliance with Executive Order 13423 which has set a goal for the DOD of increasing its alternative fuel consumption at least 10annually. The RETC is using Technikon s world-class research, demonstration, and deployment facility located in the greater Sacramento, California region for these initiatives.

关键词：制氢；甲烷；生物质转化；燃料电池

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