Urban traffic control is not only a real-time control system but also random,non-line ar,uncertainty complex system; the article discusses the use of PLC (programmable logic controlle r) control technology and fuzzy control method for traffic signal control system and how to complete the complex traffic control by using communications link technology between comp uters and application of fuzzy control theory,make vehicle and road navigation to realize intelligent.

关键词：汽车；城市交通；自动控制；模糊控制；信号控制

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It is very important to obtain an ideal basic shape with optimal aerody namic characteristics in the auto-body styling design based on the whole shape optimization.Through obtaining the solutions for conflict problem in the auto-body styling aerodynamic design cooperating extension engineering, a variable cross-section method based on aero dynamic theoretical model to obtain ideal basic shape for car body is proposed.A theory model based on aerodynamics is developed.In addition, a generation method for a series of ideal basic bodies with favorable aerodynamic characteristics is developed, which enables the generation of these basic bodies by a variable cross-section method.This method is finally realized and it is shown in the evaluation that it is a new way for the auto-body styling design based on whole shape optimization.

关键词：汽车；空气动力学；航空动力学理论；车身造型设计

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In response to the Fuel Economy and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions standards, automobile manufacturers will need to adopt new technologies to improve the fuel economy of their vehicles and to reduce the overall GHG emissions of their fleets. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed the Optimization Model for reducing GHGs from Automobiles (OMEGA) to estimate the costs and benefits of meeting GHG emission standards through different technology packages. However, the model does not simulate the impact that increased technology costs will have on vehicle sales or on consumer surplus. As the model documentation states, While OMEGA incorporates functions which generally minimize the cost of meeting a specified carbon dioxide (CO2) target, it is not an economic simulation model which adjusts vehicle sales in response to the cost of the technology added to each vehicle. Changes in the mix of vehicles sold, caused by the costs and benefits of added fuel economy technologies, could make it easier or more difficult for manufacturers to meet fuel economy and emissions standards, and impacts on consumer surplus could raise the costs or augment the benefits of the standards. Because the OMEGA model does not presently estimate such impacts, the EPA is investigating the feasibility of developing an adjunct to the OMEGA model to make such estimates. This project is an effort to develop and test a candidate model. The project statement of work spells out the key functional requirements for the new model.

关键词：汽车；消费性事务；减排；燃油经济性

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The system uses dual MCU design to achieve the acquisition and transmission of pulse signal without affecting the user's sleeping process.The pulse signal is collected by infrared pulse sensor,and is wireless transferred to the personal computer by JF24C after the process of amplification,baseline correction and so on.Then personal computer analyses the signal using the method of wavelet transform algorithm.With wavelet decomposition,pulse signal can be decomposed into different scales of wavelet coefficients and recomposed according to the low-frequency coefficient of the bottom and high-frequency coefficients of various layers.During the process of wave recomposition,the coefficients related to noise can be rejected while the valuable information in the pulse signal maintained,and all the processes achieve the restoration of pulse signal.What is more,after simulating the wavelet transform algorithm using MATLAB,theconsequences of this simulation indicate that multiple interferences can be effectively suppressed while keeping the pulse signal undistorted and it sustains the relevant characteristics of pulse signal.

关键词：脉冲信号,无线传输;嵌入式系统;小波变换;MATLAB

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With the increasing development of clean energy technologies,the application of new energy and carbon capture technology would have a positive effect for CO2 emissions reduction.In this paper,planning of power system model including clean energy technology facing low carbon targets established,considering the carbon emission rights allocation and carbon trading.By studying coal-fired power plant planning model with wind power and carbon capture technology for the future planning period,establish the multi-objective model of minimum comprehensive cost and biggest carbon trading gains,considering constraint conditions of power generating capacity,wind power integrated capacity and carbon emissions reduction targets.Use the bacterial colony chemotaxis algorithm for optimization calculation of the power planning,to give a planning scheme that can meet the requirements of economic development trend and emission reducing requirements.

关键词：新能源；清洁能源技术；低碳；电力规划；多目标模型

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We investigated the activity and stability of n=(1, 2, 3) platinum layers supported on a number of rutile metal oxides (MO2; M=Ti, Sn, Ta, Nb, Hf and Zr). A suitable oxide support can alleviate the problem of carbon corrosion and platinum dissolution in Pt/C catalysts. Moreover, it can increase the activity of platinum if the interaction between the support and the metal is optimal. We found that both the activity and the stability depend on the number of platinum layers and, as expected, both converge toward platinum bulk values if the number of layers is increased. With use of a simple volcano curve for activity estimation, we found that the supported platinum layers could be active for the oxygen reduction reaction, with a few candidates possibly having an activity even greater than that of platinum. Furthermore, we established a correlation between stability and activity for supported platinum monolayers, which suggests that activity can be increased at the expense of stability and vice versa. Finally, the performance of the systems was evaluated against Pt(111) skins on Pt3X (X=Ni, Co, Fe, Ti, Sc and Y) alloys, which are the best catalysts known to date for the reaction.

关键词：燃料电池；金属氧化物；铂覆盖层；质子交换膜；阴极

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The goal of this work was to develop activity-based learning materials for the introductory transportation engineering course with the purpose of increasing student understanding and concept retention. These materials were to cover intersection operations from a multimodal transportation approach. The initial framework was to create a set of 4 activities, the first activity focused solely on automobile transportation, and the subsequent activities adding one additional transportation mode each. For the final work, the existing sequence of material in the textbook was used for activity development. The final work included the development of a handout for Dr. Kytes critical movement analysis method, a queuing systems field lab, a pedestrian and bicycle level of service lab, and a transit level of service lab. The lab activities provided an active learning experience, two focusing on non-auto modes. These activities facilitated a fundamental and broad understanding of core concepts in transportation engineering. This work has provided me with a better perspective on instruction of this topic and with specific future goals, including better integration of multimodal transportation into the existing curriculum, addressing issues in the textbook, and fine-tuning the work that was previously completed.

关键词：汽车;公路业务;交叉口;交通工程;多式联运运输系统

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This report discusses light-vehicle crash countermeasure profiles and functions for five target pre-crash scenario groups based on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications. Target pre-crash scenario groups include rear-end, lane change, opposite direction, junction crossing, and left turn across path from opposite direction (LTAP/OD) crashes involving at least one light vehicle (e.g., passenger car, van, minivan, sport utility vehicle, or light pickup truck with a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less). There are 10 pre-crash scenarios in these groups to be addressed by V2V-based crash countermeasures. Kinematic equations are presented for the time-to-collision and avoidance maneuvers to identify information needs for these crash countermeasures. Information needs are translated into countermeasure functional requirements based on relevant safety applications devised in two prior research projects dealing with cooperative V2V communications and autonomous vehicle-based sensing systems. This report identifies two target pre-crash scenarios that would require new safety applications not developed in prior projects, including the LTAP/OD and opposite direction/no vehicle maneuver pre-crash scenarios.

关键词：汽车；避免撞车；车辆安全；通信系统

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Most mayors expect their cities deployments of new energy technologies to increase over the next five years, despite todays economic climate. Three in four cities (75) say their use of new energy technologies is likely to grow, with more than one-quarter (27) of the 396 cities in this survey expecting the increase to be significant. Cities in the Northeast and South anticipate faster growth, but there is little difference across cities small and large cities alike expect to be deploying more clean technology in five years than they do currently. Only three percent of cities expect their use of new energy technologies to decrease during this period.

关键词：新能源；美国；市长会议；城市；清洁能源

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Current National Ambient Air Quality Standards for particulate matter regulate the mass concentration of particles in the atmosphere. There is growing evidence that different sources of these particles have different levels of toxicity. In this work, a system was developed for collecting source oriented particles from the atmosphere suitable for toxicity testing, as described in Chapter 2 of this report. Briefly a single particle mass spectrometer identified particle sources in real time; the mass spectrometer selected a ChemVol associated with each source category to collect size-selected PM while those particles were being observed. This system was operated in Fresno, CA during the summer of 2008 and winter of 2009. The toxicity of the collected samples was assessed in a mouse model. Samples were chemically analyzed to associate them with sources prevalent in Fresno, CA. Most of the toxicity was associated with automobile and cooking sources in both seasons while in the winter toxicity was also associated with secondary compounds.

关键词：可吸入颗粒物；空气采样；化学分析；曝光；实验动物

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