Alternative fuels have the potential to provide significant economic and environmental benefits to airports and their communities. These fuels can lead to improvements in local air quality emissions and reductions in life-cycle greenhouse gases. In addition, alternative fuels offer the possibility to diversify away from imported conventional petroleum-derived fuels and enhance energy security. Furthermore, alternative fuel distribution programs offer airports additional business opportunities to generate revenue through the operation of such facilities or leasing of land to third-party operators. Airports are natural nodes for multi-modal demand and are ideally situated to become distribution centers for a variety of alternative fuels for aircraft and surface transportation. Producers and marketers of alternative fuels can take advantage of this concentrated demand to strengthen their business case as they can cater to a wide spectrum of potential clients, including airlines, airports, and third-party operators such as rental car facilities, courtesy shuttles, taxis, buses, freight trucks, and other fleets that may operate nearby. This is especially the case for facilities that produce alternative jet fuel because, in addition to jet fuel, they also produce co-products such as green diesel, which can be used by some passenger and most cargo vehicles.

关键词：汽车；燃料；替代品；空气质量；航空器

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The final report, Evaluation of a Prototype Safer Teen Car, describes the methods, findings, and recommendations by the University of Minnesota on the practicality and benefits of a system that can provide real-time driver feedback to teen drivers. A prototype Safer Teen Car (STC) system was developed and served as the basis for a field evaluation and as a demonstration unit for stakeholder groups. The STC designed for this project was comprised of a number of interrelated subsystems, including: Teen driver identification subsystem; Seat belt detection & enhanced reminder subsystem; Passenger presence subsystem; Speed monitoring & feedback subsystem; Excessive maneuver & feedback subsystem; Cell phone use detection & mitigation subsystem; and Driving context subsystem. The findings generally showed improved safety behavior during when the STC system provided feedback. For example, the reduction in the per-mile rate of excessive maneuvers was statistically significant at night, but not during the day. In general, the results indicated reductions in the rates of speeding, excessive maneuvers, and seat belt nonuse. Overall, the STC was viewed as useful and safety-enhancing, by both teens and parents. Both teens and parents agreed that the STC changed the teens driving behavior. Parents would generally recommend the STC to other parents.

关键词：汽车；青少年司机；安全带；速度监控

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This U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Concentrating Solar Power Program Review Meeting booklet will be provided to attendees at the Concentrating Solar Power Review Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona on April 23-25, 2013. The Program Review features presentations by DOE awardees working at the forefront of research, development, and demonstration towards reducing costs and increasing performance of CSP technologies. The Review also brings together a broad base of external stakeholders to engage in and contribute to the deployment of the CSP technologies being developed under the SunShot Initiative.

关键词：太阳能；聚光；发电计划；审查

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The objective of this study was to investigate and evaluate the usage and effectiveness of innovative traffic control devices that can be used in short-term work zones. Any device to be used in short-term work zones should command the respect of drivers, be durable, have an easily understood meaning, be low cost, be quick and easy to install and remove, and be reusable. This study was conducted in three sections: a literature review of previously published research, a nationwide usage survey, and a field test for a selected device, portable plastic rumble strip (PPRS). PPRSs, which have been tested on a closed course, were found to be a device potentially suitable for use at shortterm work zones. This field study was to investigate the effects of the PPRSs and drivers response to them at three short-term maintenance work zones in Kansas. The results showed that the effect of PPRSs in speed reductions was more significant on cars than on trucks. The PPRSs reduced car speeds by 4.6 to 11.4 miles per hour. They also created 5.0 to 11.7 miles per hour mean speed reduction for trucks, but the reductions were only at two test sites. It was observed that 30 to 80 percent of truck drivers activated their brakes (indicated by brake light illumination) when they approached the PPRSs. In addition, about five percent of car and truck drivers swerved around the PPRSs. This indicates that additional signage or other supplemental traffic devices would be needed when the PPRSs are implemented.

关键词：汽车；交通控制设备；行车安全；工作区；衰减器

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To examine drivers' perceptions of and attitudes toward car navigation systems, the present study integrated perceived satisfaction and perceived loca-tional accuracy into a modified technology acceptance model, and investigated hypothesized causal paths proposed by the research model with data collected from an online survey (N = 1,204). Results from the structural equation modeling indicated that perceived satisfaction and locational accuracy played crucial roles in determining perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of the navigation systems. Implications and limitations are discussed.

关键词：汽车;汽车导航系统;技术接受模型;感知满意度

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Delivering electrical power to remote military bases can be an expensive and dangerous task. The idea of delivering renewable power to remote military bases through space-based solar power has existed for many years, but has not yet materialized. This research sought to examine existing studies and leverage their findings to determine a systems architecture and subsequent design alternatives that could deliver space-based solar power to a military base in Afghanistan. Three design alternatives were created and were based on the defined systems architecture. The system attributes vary by design alternative, to include transmitter size, rectenna size, power transmitted, mass of components, and number of launches required. The design attributes were weighted accordingly to stakeholder objectives. In turn, the entire design alternative was given a Measure of Effectiveness score. This score was used to determine the most effective design alternative among the designs presented in this research. The result is one of the three designs conclusively meets stakeholder requirements and is more effective than the others, yet further research should be done to improve the design and address other concerns, such as the extremely high cost of the system and the potential environmental and safety issues of the high-power microwave beam.

关键词：太阳能；发电卫星；偏远基地；空间探索

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A 37-year-old diesel mechanic employed by a railroad transportation company died when his loaded utility truck collided with the rear of a semi-trailer on a four-lane interstate highway. The mechanic was driving at highway speed during daylight hours when he failed to stop in time and struck the semi, which was moving slowly in traffic that had backed up due to a car fire two miles downstream. There was severe damage to the mechanic's truck, with underside of the cab and intrusion up to the right rear tires of the trailer ahead. The force of the collision caused a chain reaction, pushing the struck tractor-trailer forward into a second tractor-trailer that had stopped in backed up traffic. Fire and rescue responders arrived from the nearby town located four miles away. The mechanic, who was wearing a safety belt, suffered blunt force trauma as a result of the collision and was pronounced deceased at the scene. He was extricated by mechanical means from the truck cab and was found holding a cell phone. Law enforcement officers' examination of the phone activity revealed the mechanic had exchanged several voice/text messages prior to the crash and was initiating a voice/text message application at the time of the collision. The driver's failure to notice the tractor trailer ahead and stop in time was attributed to texting. Drivers of the other two vehicles were not severely injured.

关键词：汽车；事故调查；柴油机械师；机动车碰撞

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Because the passive mount could not meet the requirements of vibration isolation and noise reduction for vehicle,the semi active mount and active mount were considered as the developing trend of reducing vibration and noise.An active vibration control system consists of a sensor and an actuator together with a control unit.The development of the systems is often limited by the chosen actuator technology.This article list the common engine vibration control system actuator,analyzing their respective performance summed up their role in the control of vibration and trends.

关键词：发动机振动控制;执行器;半主动

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An evaluation system of vehicle traveling state was proposed,and an unsafe vehicle traveling state recognition system was established using multi-level information fusion method.In view of the effects of the complexity of the driving environment,a variety of working conditions and the diversity of vehicle traveling characteristics,combing BP neural network with Dempster Sharer evidence theory technique,the multi-information decision-level fusion was proposed to estimate the different kind model of the vehicle status.To verify the proposed strategies,the vehicle traveling posture evaluation system was established.The lane departure parameters and the relative distance parameters were studied in order to get the characterization of the vehicle traveling status information.The simulation results indicate that the adaptability and accuracy and the intelligence level of driving characterization estimation are significantly improved by using the pattern classification and decision technology of multi-source information fusion.

关键词：汽车；车辆的行驶状态;安全规则；BP神经网络；DS证据规则

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Simulation model of automobile power train has been built using ADVISOR,on the basis of Genetic Algorithm Tool Box,the paper takes a mini car as example to carry out performance simulation calculation and power train parametric optimization design.The result show that automobile power performance and fuel economy and emission performance have been greatly improved The power train has great influence on automobile power performance and fuel economy and emission performance.It is an important approach to optimize its matching parameters on reducing the fuel wastage,improving dynamical performance and decreasing the emission of waste gas.Genetic Algorithm is kind of global searching and optimized algorithm which integrates the principles of biological evolution with optimization technology and computer technology.ADVISOR,advanced simulation software,was developed on the basis of MATLAB/Simulink and can rapidly analyze automobile power performance,fuel economy and emission performance.It is a better approach to cope with automobile power train match optimization by integrating ADVISOR's accurate simulation with Genetic Algorithtn's searching optimization with high efficiency.

关键词：汽车;顾问;汽车动力系统;多目标优化

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