This study arose from the importance of having soldiers reliably connected to one another and to their chains of command, or 'networked,' despite the possibility of disruptions and/or degraded system performance. The objective was to identify possible new communications and information capabilities that ensure sufficient connectivity and performance to be able to successfully share information. Satellite communications and GPS today are force multipliers, providing forces with extensive connectivity and enabling control over battlefields. These communications and information capabilities can reduce uncertainty and suppress threats, but they must be implemented in ways that prevent adversaries from finding ways to deny, disrupt, and degrade them. Lessons from recent asymmetric confrontations (e.g., NATO operations in Syria, Egypt, and Libya) include the following: the deployment of standard military communication systems may not be sufficient to ensure adequate connectivity and information-related capabilities, the adversary can destroy networks without disrupting his own vital networks or exercising global control over public networks, and populations can respond to simple inputs using social networks. The solution posed by adversaries with these capabilities is to extend and integrate traditional C2 systems with a social network infrastructure concept, a C2 system applet applied to COTS devices, and a supporting concept like crowdsourcing in a protected environment. The resulting C2 system will be better able to operate successfully in a degraded operational environment where a simple SMS can make the difference. This paper demonstrates the value of this new approach with a simulation.

关键词：指挥和控制系统；通信网络；信息交流；融合；移动计算

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Markov Random Fields (MRFs), a.k.a. Graphical Models, serve as popular models for networks in the social and biological sciences, as well as communications and signal processing. A central problem is one of structure learning or model selection: given sam

关键词：网络;算法;通信和广播系统;分布

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Engineering a city-wide ubiquitous computing system requires a comprehensive understanding of urban infrastructure including physical motorways, vehicular traffic, and human activities. Many world cities were built at different time periods and with different purposes that resulted in diversified structures and characteristics, which have to be carefully considered while designing ubiquitous computing facilities. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to study global urban infrastructure, with enabling city-wide ubiquitous computing as the aim, using a massive data-driven network of planet-scale online web-cameras and a location-based online social network service, Foursquare. Our approach examines six metropolitan regions infrastructure that includes more than 800 locations, 25 million vehicular mobility records, 220k routes, and two million Foursquare check-ins. We evaluate the spatio-temporal correlation in traffic patterns, examine the structure and connectivity in regions, and study the impact of human mobility on vehicular traffic to gain insight for enabling city-wide ubiquitous computing.

关键词：数据库管理；系统工程；计算机通讯；计算机模拟；通信和无线电系统

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The indoor communications is a new market in the future.This Article introduces one data transmission system based with OFDM signals.The overview of the communication system and synchronization theory background will be introduced.The simulation results shown in this article implies that this OFDM system achieves excellent performance for indoor wireless communication.

关键词：室内无线通信；数据传输系统；OFDM；同步

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Mobile devices, such as smart phones and tablets, typically need to support multiple security objectives: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. To achieve these objectives, mobile devices should be secured against a variety of threats. The purpose of this publication is to help organizations centrally manage the security of mobile devices. Laptops are out of the scope of this publication, as are mobile devices with minimal computing capability, such as basic cell phones. This publication provides recommendations for selecting, implementing, and using centralized management technologies, and it explains the security concerns inherent in mobile device use and provides recommendations for securing mobile devices throughout their life cycles. The scope of this publication includes securing both organization-provided and personally-owned (bring your own device, BYOD) mobile devices.

关键词：信息安全；移动设备；管理计划和控制;可用性；通信安全

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Advancing technologies in smallsats provide remote sensing and communications capabilities achievable with a constellation of satellites at a reasonable cost to meet military needs. Like any other nation looking for a cheap but effective solution in that area, Turkey might also benefit from a replacement of its remote sensing assets. Currently, Turkish Armed Forces rely on a limited number of reconnaissance aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, which do not provide real-time or near real-time remote sensing capabilities. Near real-time remote sensing needs for the Turkish warfighter dictates that the Turkish Armed Forces reach that capability as soon as possible. Likewise, replacing its conventional communication radios with satellite communication devices would also fulfill its warfighter needs. While current communication devices have physical limitations in Turkey's mountainous terrain and the surrounding seas, satellite communication capability would provide a wider coverage, and for specific frequencies, it might provide better resistance to jamming and interference. For the benefit of the Turkish Armed Forces' communications needs, a satellite constellation must be optimized such that effective coverage will be achieved with the least number of satellites to provide a reasonable cost. In this study, satellite constellation optimization for the Turkish Armed Forces will be achieved using Analytical Graphics, Inc.'s Systems Tool Kit software for simulation and analysis of several possible communications and remote sensing satellite constellations covering Turkish territory and surrounding seas. The Concept of Operations (CONOPS) for a smallsat constellation will be described and an optimized smallsat constellation will be modeled using STK software. The resulting data will be analyzed and discussed in the form of a recommendation that would benefit the Turkish Armed Forces.

关键词：通信；卫星通讯；计算机程序；计算机模拟

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To improve the efficiency of communications among unmanned systems, the research focused on the novel use of asymmetric polarized MIMO and network availability. The dissertation objective was to maintain the highest network availability for a mobile ad hoc network with heterogeneous communication capabilities. Using a hybrid dual-polarized Rayleigh fading channel model, asymmetric antenna configurations were studied in simulation for bit error rate and capacity. For a 1 x 1 configuration, polarization reciprocity was used to exploit the polarized channel knowledge, thereby maximizing received uplink power. The optimum gains to maximize uplink capacity were also derived for varying channel cross-polarization values. Larger configurations of 2 x 1 and 2 x 2 were investigated, including overlays of orthogonal space-time block coding, which improved diversity performance in the polarized channels. Extending these link results to realistic scenarios with unmanned systems, a reference point group mobility model including large-scale propagation was proposed to compute the network availability. Another scenario detailed robot exploration of unknown environments, which included large-scale path loss models. While deploying the network, the factors of exploration strategies, signal thresholds and routing were shown to impact the availability metric. Lastly, four extensible formation models were analyzed for their influence on network availability.

关键词：无线通信的天线配置;不对称；渠道；通信和无线电系统;配置;

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We conducted this review to determine the merits of an allegation that VA was transmitting sensitive data, including Personally Identifiable Information (PII) and internal network routing information, over unencrypted telecommunications carrier networks. The VA Midwest Health Care Network, also known as the Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 23 within the Veterans Health Administration, serves more than 400,000 veterans enrolled to receive medical care residing in Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota and portions of Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. In May 2012, a complainant contacted the VA Office of Inspector General (OIG) Hotline, alleging that certain VA medical centers (VAMCs) were transmitting sensitive information, including PII and internal network routing information, over unencrypted telecommunications carrier networks. More specifically, the complainant indicated that unencrypted data were transmitted among various VAMC networks using the South Dakota Network, which functions as the local telecommunications carrier network.The complainant alleged that these security violations occurred at VAMCs located in Fort Meade, SD; Omaha, NE; and Sioux Falls, SD, which are in VISN 23. To determine the merits of this Hotline allegation, we visited the three VAMCs identified in the complaint letter. We interviewed VA's Office of Information and Technology (OIT) personnel to gain an understanding of existing data transmission practices and associated controls.

关键词：退伍军人（军事人员）;通信网络;计算机通信;数据传输

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Organic chemistry laboratory courses present exceptional opportunities to teach students how to utilize NMR to its fullest potential. When implementing experiments that use NMR to analyze products in the undergraduate teaching lab a number of practical problems arise, even with the use of an automated instrument. The pertinent issues in our situation involve sample submission timing, data transfer, and spectra processing. This chapter addresses what can be done to alleviate those problems using a newly designed experiment incorporating flow hydrogenation that has been incorporated into our organic laboratory sequence. Solutions include having a teaching assistant present by the NMR spectrometer room as students are submitting their samples, using Dropbox as a versatile approach to distributing and accessing data, and that iNMR reader is a flexible solution for students to process their data.

关键词：加氢；核磁共振；有机化学；实验

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DOD manages the nation's defense satellites, which are worth at least $13.7 billion, via ground stations located around the world. These ground stations and supporting infrastructure perform three primary functions: monitoring the health of the satellite; ensuring it stays in its proper orbit; (activities collectively known as satellite control operations), and planning, monitoring, and controlling the execution of the overall mission of the satellite. Based on the House Armed Services Committee Report and discussions with defense committee staff, GAO (1) reviewed the Air Force's satellite control operations to assess the potential for fragmentation or duplication, (2) assessed the status of modernization efforts, (3) identified any commercial practices that could improve the Air Force's satellite control operations, and (4) identified any barriers to implementing them. GAO reviewed modernization funding documents, related studies and interviewed DOD and 7 commercial satellite companies, from a nongeneralizable sample selected in part because of their companies' satellite capabilities.

关键词：军事卫星;卫星网络;通信卫星;国防科;

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