The integer order fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller has been generalized in this chapter to include fractional order derivative and integrals. It works on the closed loop error and its fractional derivative as the input and has a fractional integrator in its output. Other fractional variants of the integer order fuzzy logic controller are also briefly introduced. The fractional order differ-integrations in the proposed fuzzy logic controller (FLC) are kept as design variables along with the input-output scaling factors (SF) and are optimized with Genetic Algorithm (GA) while minimizing several integral error indices along with the control signal as the objective function. Simulations studies are carried out to control a delayed nonlinear process and an open loop unstable process with time delay. The closed loop performances and controller efforts in each case are compared with conventional PID, fuzzy PID and PI~λD~μ controller subjected to different integral performance indices. Simulation results show that the proposed fractional order fuzzy PID controller outperforms the others in most cases.

关键词：控制器；分数阶微积分；模糊；PID

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The development of cobalt alloys for the development of HIP implants has been evolving overtime. Accordingly, in this work an overview of the main microstructural factors that impact the mechanical properties, as well as the effect of interstitials such as carbon and nitrogen. In addition the role alloy pre-straining and heat treating on the amount of ε-martensite and on the exhibited mechanical properties is described. In general, it is shown that as the amount of ε-martensite exceeds 60 vol. percent, the alloy ductility is drastically reduced as the HCP phase becomes dominant in the matrix.

关键词：生物医学钴合金；植入物；ε-马氏体;医药制造业；力学性能

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Pursuant to sections 1832(a)(1), 1861(s)(6), (s)(8), and (s)(9), and 1861(n) of the Social Security Act, Medicare Part B provides for the coverage of durable medical equipment (DME), prosthetics, orthotics, and supplies (DMEPOS). The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) contracts with four DME Medicare administrative contractors (DME MAC) to process and pay Medicare Part B claims. When submitting claims to DME MACs, suppliers use Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes as well as modifiers that indicate left or right limb and a functional level. Each claim can include multiple HCPCS codes, each of which represents a different component of the lower limb prosthetic provided by the supplier. A lower limb prosthetic is an artificial replacement for any or all parts of the leg and provides an individual who has an amputated limb with the opportunity to perform functional tasks, particularly walking, which may not be possible without the device. DME MACs develop local coverage determinations (LCD) for some covered DMEPOS items. LCDs describe the circumstances for Medicare coverage for lower limb prosthetics and outline the conditions under which DME MACs will cover those devices. LCDs require that some lower limb prosthetics have minimum functional levels to be covered by Medicare. To be paid for a Medicare DMEPOS claim, the supplier must have on file: (1) written documentation of a verbal order/preliminary written order, (2) a detailed written order, (3) proof of delivery, (4) a beneficiary authorization, (5) information from the treating physician concerning the patients diagnosis, and (6) any information required for the use of specific modifiers or attestation statements as defined in certain DME policies. A DMEPOS supplier should also obtain as much documentation from the patients medical records as it requires to ensure that the coverage criterion for an item has been met. If the information in the patients medical records does not adequately support the medical necessity for the item, the supplier is liable for the dollar amount involved. This review was completed as followup work to the Office of Inspector General, Office of Evaluation and Inspections, review, Questionable Billing by Suppliers of Lower Limb Prostheses, issued in August 2011. Kessler Heasley Artificial Limb, also known as Ozark Prosthetics & Orthotics (Ozark), based in Springfield, Missouri, supplies lower limb prosthetics.

关键词：医疗保险金；医疗设备；下肢假肢服务；假肢矫形器

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The report analyzes the results of experiments to determine the effect of interior partitions, apertures and nonuniform walls on the dose rate in a three story structure. (Author)

关键词：辐射污染;结构件;数学分析;放射性尘降物;医疗设备

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This paper introduces the design and realization of the Multi-function Tower Crane Black Box,completes the main hardware module design and type selection.With ZigBee,it constructing wireless sensor network to collect the communication among nodes and the communication between nodes and the gateway,the lower PC adopts the IAR to complete the chip CC2430 programming.The application development tool for the upper PC is C51RF-WSN-DA300,and it gives part of the source code.The system parameters acquisition is accurate,the operation is stable,and the actual application effect is good.

关键词：无线个域网；无线通信；应用程序开发

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The principle of full vibration signal acquisition system is introduced.This article through the use of PSD high resolution,the characteristics of the corresponding speed,put it to use in vibration measurement,and introduces the realization method,Including the front optical,electrical and late signal processing,And through the concrete experimental data,and verifies the feasibility of the scheme.

关键词：完整的PSD位置传感器;模拟电路;电流和电压转换电路;前置放大器电路,A / D转换

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The VA Office of Inspector General Office of Healthcare Inspections conducted a review to determine the validity of allegations regarding a patients quality of care and communication between professional staff and a patients family at the Washington DC VA Medical Center. The complainant alleged that treatment of the patients urinary tract infection was delayed; that the facility did not tell the family the patient had a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) infection; that the patient was released from outpatient care despite the MRSA infection; and that communication with the family about all of the patients conditions was poor. We substantiated that management of the MRSA urinary tract infection was not timely instituted. When the providers were informed that a large quantity of MRSA was detected in the patients urine, and antibiotic susceptibilities were known, no management changes were made. Within 72 hours of the positive MRSA result, the patient was hospitalized with MRSA sepsis. We found that the facility did not conduct a Quality Review for the outpatient MRSA management issue. We substantiated that the patient and family were not timely notified of the patients MRSA infection while he was an outpatient. However, following admission to the hospital several days later, the patient and family were informed of the MRSA infection. We did not substantiate the allegation that the facility lacked professionalism in relating to the patients family. The nursing staff and physicians we interviewed stated they explained the patients clinical course to the family throughout the hospitalization. There were no formal complaints made to the patient advocate or the leadership team alleging poor communication while the patient was hospitalized.

关键词：通信；管理规划与控制检查；退伍军人（军事人员）

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The use of public diplomacy is an essential component of counterterrorism efforts, but, to date, the United States has not been as effective in its attempts to utilize strategic communication against the threat of violent Islamic extremism as it has been in its utilization of military, intelligence, and law enforcement resources. Based upon the idea that a retrospective analysis of previous presidential speeches could provide guidance for future strategic communications of U.S. government officials, this thesis identifies the nature of the messages delivered by U.S. Presidents to foreign audiences since the 9/11 attacks through a qualitative analysis of a purposeful sampling of 50 speeches and statements. The analysis examines the position of the United States government in the ideological debate with violent Islamic extremists to determine whether the United States has taken a largely defensive stance, in which the United States constantly strives to counter the narrative of violent extremist adversaries, or a more forward-leaning posture, in which the United States remains primarily concerned with presenting its own narrative based on its values and ideals. The results of this analysis are then utilized to offer recommendations on modifying the message to better support U.S. efforts to combat violent Islamic extremism.

关键词：战略沟通;意识形态;知觉（心理学）;通信

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Organophosphate compounds are used as pesticides and in chemical warfareagents such as nerve agents. VX ((O-ethyl S- 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl) methylphosphonothioate) is one of the most toxic and environmentally persistent of these nerve agents. This research examined the fate of malathion, a pesticide and surrogate of VX O-ethyl S- 2-(diisopropylamino) (ethyl)(methylphosphonothioate), in bench-scale activated sludge (AS) sequencing batch reactors. Sorption kinetics and sorption equilibrium isotherm experiments indicate that sorption to AS biomass was not a statistically important removal mechanism. However, approximately 90of the initial 4.25 mg L-1 malathion concentration degraded primarily via heterotrophic activity.

关键词：农药；马拉硫磷；活性泥；污水处理；有机磷农药

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We examine the communication time series of a fully-networked Army coalition command and control organization. The communications and scenario- event data described in this paper were collected at a two-week U.S. Army simulation-based training event. The Mission Command Battle Laboratory at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, conducted a joint experiment/training exercise focused on the operations of the mission command staff composed of a U.S. Division headquarters (n=51) and subordinate U.K. Brigade headquarters (n=28). The network architecture and digitized nature of the event allowed examination of staff communications in a distributed, network-enabled coalition environment. The participants were active duty Soldiers and officers, organic to their military unit. We used time series analysis to predict the communications record based on an external work variable of the number of important scenario events occurring across time. After taking into account structural features of the time series, we examined the remaining variability in email and phone communications. We found that the exercise scenario events were not a significant predictor of the Divisional communications, which were best fit by an auto-regressive model of order 1. The occurrence of scenario events, however, did predict the Brigade communications time series, which were well fit by a lag dependent variable model. These results demonstrate that Brigade communications responded to and could be predicted by battlefield events, whereas the Division communications were only predicted by their own past values. These results highlight the importance of modeling environmental work events to predict organizational communication time series and suggest that network communications are perhaps increasingly dependent upon battlefield events for lower echelons of command closer to the tactical edge.

关键词：指挥和控制系统；通信网络；联合军事活动；时间序列分析

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