关键词：航天医学；任务规划;医疗设备;实验室设备;测量仪器

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At ages 11 through 12 years, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that preteens receive 1 dose of tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine, 1 dose of meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY) vaccine,* and 3 doses

关键词：青少年;疫苗；年龄；疾病预防；医疗保健；免疫接种

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Two microwave-based systems for vehicle detection (by Wavetronix and MS SEDCO) were evaluated at stop bar and advance zones of a signalized intersection under three adverse weather conditions: (1) wind, (2) snow-covered roadway, and (3) rain. Weather effects were very different for the two systems both in terms of the type of condition that could affect performance and in the magnitude of those effects. For Wavetronix, wind had significant effects on the advance zone by increasing false calls to over 50, but it did not affect the stop bar zones. On the other hand, false calls in snow significantly increased to more than 40in the stop bar zones and to about 30in the advance zone. Snow also increased missed and stuck-on calls but in lower proportion than the false calls. Rain also affected the detection at stop bar zones, but all error types were below 8, and it did not affect the advance zone. For Intersector, weather effects were less pronounced both at the stop bar and advance zones. Snow increased false calls to a range of about 4to 8compared to 1.65to about 4in normal weather. In addition, rain increased stuck-on calls to a range of 2.7to 6.35at the stop bar zones and increased missed calls at advance zones to 3.44. Wind had no significant effects at stop bar or advance zones. In particular for the rain data, the intensity of the precipitation seemed to be related to the degree of performance degradation. In datasets with higher precipitation per unit of time, higher false calls were observed at Wavetronix stop bar zones, and a higher frequency of missed calls was observed at the Intersector advance zone. Findings from this evaluation can provide valuable information to users and manufacturers of these products regarding expected performance under adverse weather conditions at locations with similar mountings and settings, as well as insight about potential solutions to preventing negative effects in such scenarios.

关键词：车辆检测器;检测;错误;实地测试;微波设备

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Objective: In this study, the Analytic Hierarchic Process (AHP) was used to improve Health Technology Assessment (HTA) by: tracking the decision processes allowing stakeholders to understand the work done by decision-makers (DMs); weighting properly the most appropriate DM for each dimension of the problem; extending decision processes to DMs not skilled in complex mathematical methods. Moreover, our goal was to quantify qualitative knowledge, which affects HTA, using a scientific method. As a case study, we focused on the choice of a maintenance contract for a Computerized Tomography scanner. Methods: The AHP was applied to support HTA for the need analysis and for the assessment of how each alternative fits each need, sixteen managers from eight hospitals were involved to assess the demand's needs. Managers of four leading manufacturers providing maintenance services were involved to analyze different offers. Results: AHP allowed quantify the relative importance of each need in each Hospital, showing that the demand changes according to several factors as: technologic asset, mission, position, and environment. Moreover, the proposed method enabled to measure how each contract adhered the demand, without further features not strictly required, for which hospitals are not willing to pay. These results were achieved using a fully traceable method, allowing stakeholders to fully understand the decision process. Conclusion: AHP allowed to model demand and offer in a coherent framework of decision making, including both qualitative and quantitative knowledge. This enabled to reach the objectives of this study, quantifying needs' relative importance and consequently the adherence of each contract.

关键词：层次分析法;卫生技术评估;维修服务合同;生物医药

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No licensed vaccine is available in the United States. Because many human infections result in nonspecific or benign constitutional symptoms, establishing a diagnosis of Q fever often is challenging for clinicians. This report provides the first national recommendations issued by CDC for Q fever recognition, clinical and laboratory diagnosis, treatment, management, and reporting for health-care personnel and public health professionals. The guidelines address treatment of acute and chronic phases of Q fever illness in children, adults, and pregnant women, as well as management of occupational exposures. These recommendations will be reviewed approximately every 5 years and updated to include new published evidence.

关键词：细菌性疾病;Q热;立克次体;诊断（医学）

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Based on the phenomenon that Colpitts circuit cannot drive quartz crystal in liquid phase environment,this paper studies the wet sensitive characteristics of Colpitts oscillation circuit.And we designed a device used as humidity sensor.Peltier element was used to cool quartz crystal until dew occurred and quartz crystal worked in the liquidenvironment.Colpitts circuit stopped oscillation when dew occurred.At the same time the temperature of crystal surface was measured and the temperature was approximately regarded as the dew point.Through the theoretical analysis of Colpitts circuit characteristic and the humidity sensing properties of quartz crystal admittance,then combined with experimental data comparison,the wet sensitive characteristics of Colpitts circuit was proved to be feasible and accurate for dew point recognition from the qualitative point.The result is of practical importance for further quantitative analysis and developing sensitive circuit type dew point instrument.

关键词：露点测量;科耳皮兹电路;石英晶体

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A non-magnetic temperature controlling system used in atomic magnetometer with flowing hot air has been designed and realized.To measure the temperature in the oven without any additional magnetic noise,a fiber Bragg grating was used as a non-magnetic temperature measuring sensor with a high relative accuracy.Analysis has showed the temperature fluctuation can be controlled less than O.1 ℃.

关键词：原子密度;非磁性加热;非磁性测量,热空气流动

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A design of electronic laser harp based on SCM (the abbreviation for "single chip microcomputer") is proposed.It adopts the semiconductor laser transmitter and the receiving tube as a sensor,and uses the laser transmitter emits beams to imitate the 8 strings of harp.The main control chip STC89C52RC collects and processes the signal from receiving tube circuit,then STC89C52RC outputs special signal to produce sound of harp by audio.Compared with the traditional method,this design greatly enhances the anti-interference ability of the system,and it owns a certain degree of innovation and creation in not only the form of performance but also design proposal of system.

关键词：激光发射机;激光接收管;调制管

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Breast cancer develops from breast mucosa and breast mucosa has intact immune system to maintain epithelial integrity. In this study our goal was to study the immune subsets associated with breast mucosa and develop the strategies to populate mucosa with immune effectors in order to prevent breast cancer. Data obtained from our studies suggest that T cells constitute the majority of immune cells in breast mucosa and this includes conventional CD4 T cells, CD8+ T cells and significant fraction of unconventional double positive (DP) CD4+CD8+ T cells. We also observed that intramammary immunization induces antigen-specific immune responses in breast mucosa. Currently, studies are being done to characterize these double positive T cells to determine whether these are regulatory or cytotoxic in nature and their role in prevention of breast cancer. In addition to this, we are also investigating the ability of intramammary immunization in prevention of breast cancer and the feasibility of translating this approach into preventive breast cancer vaccine setting.

关键词：乳腺癌;细胞（生物）;免疫;粘膜;T淋巴细胞

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Airway management skills are essential for healthcare providers within military and civilian settings. To maintain competency in these skills, it is crucial for the provider to have opportunities for review and retraining. Virtual airway training or telementoring can be an effective means to fulfilling these requirements for healthcare providers located in remote sites. The projection of high quality imagery to far forward locations is essential for health care practitioners in the provision of telemedicine and distance training. The Storz C-CAM was developed to interface with existing endoscopy equipment to facilitate implementation of telemetric devices in remote locations. This work describes the use of the Storz C-CAM in providing medical device training to deployed medical personnel at a far forward location.

关键词：气管插管;远程培训;远程医疗;视频喉镜;医疗设备

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