For a novel electric vehicle equipped with 2-speed Inverse Automated Manual Transmission (I-AMT),optimal design of the gear ratios is carried out using dynamic programming (DP) under vehicle dynamic constraints.Given multiple driving cycles,the design target is to make the electric vehicle obtain the best energy consumption economy.After the gear ratios are determined,the performance of the 2-speed electric vehicle is compared with the same vehicle with a single-speed gear box,and it is shown that the 2-speed transmission has much better performacne in terms of acceleration time,maximum speed and energy economy.

关键词：电动汽车；双速；性能评价

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The objective of the study was to assess the impact of a Saflex1 S Series solar control PVB (polyvinyl butyral) windshield on conventional vehicle fuel economy and electric vehicle (EV) range. The approach included outdoor vehicle thermal soak testing, RadTherm cooldown analysis, and vehicle simulations. Thermal soak tests were conducted at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's Vehicle Testing and Integration Facility in Golden, Colorado. The test results quantified interior temperature reductions and were used to generate initial conditions for the RadTherm cooldownanalysis. The RadTherm model determined the potential reduction in air-conditioning (A/C) capacity, which was used to calculate the A/C load for the vehicle simulations. The vehicle simulation tool identified the potential reduction in fuel consumption or improvement in EV range between a baseline and solar control PVB configurations for the city and highway drive cycles. The thermal analysis determined a potential 4.0% reduction in A/C power for the solar control PVB configuration. The reduction in A/C power improved the vehicle range of EVs and fuel economy of conventional vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles.

关键词：电动汽车；太阳能；PVB玻璃

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This paper presents a simple design and implementation of a transducer interface agent. The agent communicates with a middleware for wireless sensor networks, and can be installed on the PC or any small gateway devices. The agent's chief end is to replace the network capable application processor (NCAP) and wireless transducer interface module (WTIM) with the agent itself in the IEEE 1451 family of standards. In order to support various non-standardized transducers, we propose to use a variety of configuration template files instead of modifying the agent itself. While a wrapper of the transducer interface agent manages various types of sensors, the controller deals with many actuators. In order to justify the usefulness of the proposed agent and its protocol, we carried out health monitoring experiments in a mock-up railway system and verified the efficiency.

关键词：控制器；探头接口代理；无线传感器；网络中间件协议

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Electric vehicles will longitudinally vibrate obviously under acceleration and regenerative braking conditions (because of torsional vibration of the electric vehicle powertrain).This paper includes models of motor rotor,gear reducer and differential assembly,half shafts,tire and body and nonlinear powertrain dynamic model in consideration of gear backlash and frictional characteristics between tire and ground.Real car tests confirm that it is correct under acceleration conditions.Then a two mass-spring damper linear model which is simplified from the nonlinear powertrain dynamic model is proposed to design torsional vibration control algorithm based on state feedback.The simulation results show that the algorithm can actively eliminate torsional vibration.

关键词：电动汽车；动力系统；状态反馈；扭转振动；

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This paper proposes a charging algorithm which is based on the Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (EDA) for Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV).The proposed algorithm shifts the peak of power supply,satisfies the requested State of Charge (SoC [％]),and minimizes the charging cost.The proposed algorithm uses flexible weight for charging and upper charging limit to each PHEV to minimize the charge amount in peak time.The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm shifts the peak of power supply in commute time zones,satisfies SoC of 93％ PHEVs,and reduces charging cost by 31％ compared with conventional EDA algorithm.

关键词：电动汽车；EDA；充电算法

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Design of state-of-the art crane mechanisms involves a multi-stage and multi-criterial optimization. Depending on the specificity and intended use of the machine, the optimal structure and dimensions of its mechanisms are sought as well as optimal algorithms for drive control and regulation, which requires the application of optimization criteria. It appears, however, that the approach relying on the minimum of a specifically formulated quadratic functional enables the selection of optimal geometric parameters of the mechanism and, besides, proves effective as the method of drive control. Furthermore, the geometric parameters of the mechanism can be optimized for its entire working range. Simplicity, universality and efficiency of the method are demonstrated on the example of a slewing one-link jib crane system. The search for the optimal control strategy of drive mechanisms is illustrated in the study that investigates an asymmetrically loaded platform suspended on ropes and people moving with respect to it during the hoisting phase.

关键词：控制器；起重机；机制优化选择

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In support of the Bioenergy Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) are undertaking studies of biomass conversion technologies to identify barriers and target research toward reducing conversion costs. Process designs and preliminary economic estimates for each of these pathway cases were developed using rigorous modeling tools (Aspen Plus and Chemcad). These analyses incorporated the best information available at the time of development, including data from recent pilot- and bench-scale demonstrations, collaborative industrial and academic partners, and published literature and patents. The economic results of these analyses are in the process of further refinement and will be published in FY13 and FY14 design reports. This report summarizes the preliminary technical data used for the models and identified data gaps. This technology pathway case investigates the cultivation of algal biomass followed by further lipid extraction and upgrading to hydrocarbon biofuels. Technical barriers and key research needs have been assessed in order for the algal lipid extraction and upgrading pathway to be competitive with petroleum-derived gasoline-, diesel-, and jet-range hydrocarbon blendstocks.

关键词：藻类;血脂;提取;烃;生物质种植;生物质能

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This report focuses on the light-duty vehicle sector in the United States and restricts its discussion of electric vehicles to plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), which include battery electric vehicles (BEVs)1 and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The common feature of these vehicles is that their batteries are charged by being plugged into the electric grid. BEVs differ from PHEVs because they operate solely on electricity stored in a battery (that is, there is no other power source); PHEVs have internal combustion engines that can supplement the electric power train. The electric vehicle offers many promisesincreasing U.S. energy security by reducing petroleum dependence, contributing to climate-change initiatives by decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, stimulating long-term economic growth through the development of new technologies and industries, and improving public health by improving local air quality. There are, however, substantial technical, social, and economic barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles, including vehicle cost, small driving range, long charging times, and the need for a charging infrastructure. In addition, people are unfamiliar with electric vehicles, are uncertain about their costs and benefits, and have diverse needs that current electric vehicles might not meet. Although a person might derive some personal benefits from ownership, the costs of achieving the social benefits, such as reduced GHG emissions, are borne largely by the people who purchase the vehicles. Given the recognized barriers to electric-vehicle adoption, Congress asked the Department of Energy (DOE) to commission a study by the National Academies to address market barriers that are slowing the purchase of electric vehicles and hindering the deployment of supporting 

关键词：电动汽车；部署障碍；中期报告

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Controller area network (CAN) is one of the popular networks with the international standard,and adopted mostly on the vehicle.SAE J1939 is designed to allow electronic devices from different vendors to communicate with each other through a standard architecture.CAN communication length have some relationship with CAN bus rate,which may influence the rate choice and network topology.We design a CAN network with distributed control systems for a pure electric vehicle.The identification bit implementation of data for vehicle controllers is present in accordance with J1939 protocol.The vehicle network topology is considered based on controlling functions and CAN bus harness arrangement.The communication process for them is given based on CANoe platform and finally tested in real electric vehicle environment.

关键词：电动汽车；分布式控制系统；通信网络

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The number of control loops used in process industry is growing continuously, whilst manpower is being reduced. Consequently even companies that have embraced new control technologies struggle to maintain satisfactory performance over the long term. Numerous investigations have shown that the performance of control systems in the process industries is not satisfactory, as mentioned in Chap. 1. This particularly applies for the steel industry, where it is the norm to perform controller tuning only at the commissioning stage and then never again. A loop that worked well at one time is prone to degradation over time unless regular check and maintenance is undertaken.

关键词：控制器；金属加工；性能监测

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