Based on these heating and cooling saving ranges, low-e storm windows have a technical potential energy savings that is, the energy savings that would result if all low-performing windows were covered with low-e storm windows ranging from 0.7 to 1.96 quadrillion Btus primary (source) energy. Of this technical potential, this study estimates that market adoption of low-e storm windows could reasonably achieve savings of 140 trillion Btus of primary energy annually by 2025, assuming DOE implements a number of market transformation activities directed toward low-e storm window market adoption.

关键词：节能；外户窗；技术评估；供暖系统；房屋节能改造

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As part of the NAHB Research Center Industry Partnership, Southface partnered with TaC Studios, an Atlanta based architecture firm specializing in residential and light commercial design, on the construction of a new test home in Atlanta, GA in the mixed humid climate zone. This home will serve as a model home for the builder partner and addresses Building America energy savings targets through the planning and implementation of a design package will serve as a basis of design for the builder partner's future homes. As a BA test house, this home will be evaluated to detail whole house energy use, end use loads, and HVAC and hot water efficiency.

关键词：节能；住宅建筑；HVAC系统

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This paper considers the incorporation into strategic planning of environmental impacts resulting from maintenance and rehabilitation of pavements. The energy use of such activities and resulting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are explicitly considered, and the results of a performance-based optimization are discussed. The results showed that considering environmental impacts in the strategic planning process returned a substantial gain in energy savings and reduction of GHG emissions, although a small sacrifice in pavement performance was required. The consideration of environmental impacts reduced energy use and GHG emissions by 19% and 24%, respectively, but pavement condition dropped slightly to 98.5% of the optimal solution.

关键词：节能；路面管理；环境影响；温室气体排放；能源消耗

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Background: Rare disease information sources are incompletely and inconsistently cross-referenced to one another, making it difficult for information seekers to navigate across them. The development of such cross-references established manually by experts is generally labor intensive and costly. Objectives: To develop an automatic mapping between two of the major rare diseases information sources, GARD and Or-phanet, by leveraging terminological resources, especially the UMLS. Methods: We map the rare disease terms from Or-phanet and ORDR to the UMLS. We use the UMLS as a pivot to bridge between the rare disease terminologies. We compare our results to a mapping obtained through manually established cross-references to OMIM. Results: Our mapping has a precision of 94%, a recall of 63% and an F_1-score of 76%. Our automatic mapping should help facilitate the development of more complete and consistent cross-references between GARD and Orphanet, and is applicable to other rare disease information sources as well.

关键词：医药；罕见的疾病；术语；互通性

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This chapter discusses how a wireless sensor network can be built for real-time estimation purposes. The finite capacity of a wireless network in delivering information means that a real-time estimation process has finite accuracy too. Improving accuracy requires faster sampling and more communication; however, faster communication is not always a possibility due to scalability issues and the limited capacity of a network. In fact, in networks where the wireless medium is shared amongst many nodes, the increase in the amount of communication may even have a negative impact on the capacity of wireless medium, and in turn on the quality of real-time estimation (e.g., loss of network capacity as seen in CSMA/CA-Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance- networks). In this chapter we describe methods and protocols that can be employed to control the behavior of nodes to allow maximal use of the shared medium for the purpose of real-time estimation. We describe how transmission control protocols (adapting rate and range of communication) should be applied in a wireless network of mobile sensors, such as vehicles, to allow the highest possible accuracy given the limitations of the medium. Such protocols have been evaluated in the form of transmission rate and range control schemes in wireless vehicular networks, with the purpose of real-time vehicle position tracking.

关键词：无线传感器网络；实时评估；精度；通信

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In order to improve the performance and energy saving of the cloud computing, the efficiency of resource allocation has become an important issue. In this study, a neural network model with learning algorithm is applied to predict the workload of the cloud server. The resource manager deployed on the cloud server provides the service of managing the jobs with a resource allocation algorithm. With this prediction mechanism, cloud service providers can forecast the following time workload of cloud servers in advance. The experimental results show that resources can be allocated efficiently and become load balanced by proposed mechanism. Therefore, the cloud server can avoid the problem of inadequate resources.

关键词：节能；云计算；预测性工作负荷；神经网络

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Geography can be considered an important binding principle in the Internet of Things, as all physical objects and the sensor data they produce have a position, dimension, and orientation in space and time, and spatial relationships exist between them. By applying spatial relationships, functions, and models to the spatial characteristics of smart objects and the sensor data, the flows and behaviour of objects and people in Smart Cities can be more efficiently monitored and orchestrated. In the near future, billions of devices with location-and other sensors and actuators become internet connected, and Spatial Big Data will be created. This will pose a challenge to real-time spatial data management and analysis, but technology is progressing fast, and integration of spatial concepts and technology in the Internet of Things will become a reality.

关键词：传感器；大数据；空间；互联网

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Creation of 3D content in networked environments is a growing field of research, and its application will be key in many sectors such as medicine, simulation and cultural heritage. However, not many solutions exist that are able to use and manage 3D objects in such environments. In this paper, we present an architecture for the intelligent creation of imaginary worlds for running in a networked environment using technologies from disparate fields. This intelligent creation of an imaginary world enables end users to interactively run or walk within a 3D world. In order to improve the immersion experience we propose the use of external devices such as a treadmill and headphones with microphone. In this manner, users will interact with the system and with other users. The key components in the proposed architecture are a multiuser server, which will enable interaction among users, and a content server, which will piece together geospatial data and 3D media objects to automatically build the imaginary world and augment it with real data.

关键词：医药；3D；智能创造；体系结构

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Three-dimensional (3D) wireless sensor networks have attracted a lot of attention due to their great potential usages in both commercial and civilian applications, such as environmental data collection, pollution monitoring, space exploration, disaster prevention, and tactical surveillance. Unfortunately, the design of 3D networks is surprisingly more difficult than the design in two-dimensional (2D) networks. Many properties of the network require additional computational complexity, and many problems cannot be solved by extensions or generalizations of 2D methods. In addressing these challenges, there have been new network protocols and algorithms designed for 3D wireless sensor networks using geometric approaches. In this chapter, we review the most recent advances in 3D topology control and 3D geographic routing for 3D wireless sensor networks.

关键词：三维（3D）；无线传感器网络；数据收集；污染监测

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Dizziness is a major consequence of chronic imbalance and vestibular dysfunction, which prevents people performing their routine tasks and affects their quality of life. It may lead to severe injuries caused by unexpected falling. Medicine treatment can alleviate the syndrome of dizziness and past research shows that dizziness can be further reduced if appropriate vestibular function rehabilitation exercises are practiced regularly. Nevertheless, these exercises are usually time-consuming and tedious because of repetitive motions. Most of patients ceases practicing accordingly and reduce the effectiveness of rehabilitation. In order to encourage patients to be involved in the rehabilitation process, interactive rehabilitative gaming systems are introduced in the recent research. Virtual reality technology is used to enhance the gaming experiences and vision sensors are served as gaming inputs. This paper proposes a series of novel virtual reality games adapted by Cawthorne-Cooksey exercises, which are extensively used in clinical for chronic imbalance and vestibular dysfunction rehabilitation. 32 patients participate in the rehabilitation processes within two months period and their gaming parameters and quantified balance indices are analyzed by the supported vector machine (SVM) classifier. It shows that ～ 81 % patients improve their game parameters and balance indices after undertaking the dizziness rehabilitation training compared to the measurement they had. Our clinical observations also reveal that our patients have higher willing and motivation to regularly perform rehabilitation with the proposed system.

关键词：眩晕；医药；生活质量；慢性失衡

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