The chip mounting technology has progressed significantly over the last two decades in terms of a practical solution for achieving higher densities related to packaging systems. It started with the conventional through hole technology (THT), then resurfaced as surface mount technology (SMT) and fine pitch technology (FPT). Most manufacturers are using both SMT and THT to produce chips mounted on substrates. The dynamic semiconductor packaging technology has evolved with the help of THT (with component steers through 2.54 mm hole). Then comes SMT, which leads on 1.27 mm hole with minimal sized centers. The FPT leads on 0.63 mm as well as 0.50 mm centers. The component package mainly consists of a silicon-based die or integrated circuits chips, which got reduced to a large extent within the last two decades.

Securing data and assets has become a key concern for banks, government organizations, telecommunications firms, and hospitals, as well as for individuals. Keys, identity badges, and numeric keypads were widely used to prevent unauthorized access to data and locations. With technological advances, two-factor authentication was introduced, where individuals could gain access into secure premises only after they were authenticated twice by employing hardware devices and numeric codes. However, two-factor authentication has also become insecure as hackers were able to gain access to hardware devices and obtain numeric codes.

Industrial gases are a group of either elemental gases or chemical gases (inorganic or organic) that usually have a low molecular weight. These gases are used significantly for specified applications in various industries. Nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen, argon, helium, hydrogen, ammonia, and acetylene are a few commonly used industrial gases.

The global male grooming market was valued at $38.61 billion in 2015 and will grow at a rate of 5.55% during 2016-2020. It has proved to be a resilient market in the face of the macroeconomic instability worldwide and the recession of the late 2000s. As most of these products are necessities, consumers continue to purchase them irrespective of economic fluctuations. In the global male toiletries market, vendors are innovating to deliver specialist products that offer multiple benefits and are tailor-made to suit the specific requirements of men. Companies have introduced different premium skin care and hair care products in their portfolios to target the affluent class. Deodorants have shown exponential growth in the market, accounting for more than 50% of its revenue.

The global motorcycle industry consists of two categories of motorcycles based on the number of wheels: Two-wheeled conventional motorcycles. Trikes with three wheels The traditional two-wheeled motorcycle dominates the market because these machines are engineered with tested and proven mechanisms and offer significant mileage. Another type of vehicle is the trike. This vehicle was introduced during the last decade, but mostly focused on three-wheeled counterparts to motorized trikes.

Hay is grass or legumes that have been cut, dried, stored, and transformed into bales for feeding livestock. It is used as animal fodder animals are not able to graze due to unsuitable weather, like drought, or when animals are kept in stables or barns. Haying machinery is used to cut the crops, which are then stored in the form of bales or silage. Forage is plant material that livestock graze on. Forage machinery is widely used for harvesting forage grains. The global haying and forage machinery market constitutes a small part of the global agricultural machinery market.

A supersonic business jet (SBJ) is a small business private carrier, which can accommodate 10 to 12 passengers and can fly at a speed of more than Mach 1. It efficiently reduces the travel time to half, as compared to other conventional business aircraft. Currently, aviation experts such as Airbus, Lockheed Martin, Aerion, HyperMach, and Gulfstream Aerospace develop supersonic business aircraft.

Niobium is a refractory metal that is valued for its unique chemical properties, including extraordinary resistance to heat and wear and inertness. It has a high melting point of 4,474.4°F and a boiling point of 8,900.6°F. It is used as an alloying element in steel production in the form of ferroniobium (Fe-Nb). Niobium was first identified in 1801 and initially called columbium as it had been found in the US. After the discovery of tantalum in 1802, it was believed that these two metals were identical. However, Heinrich Rose concluded in 1844 that tantalum and niobium were different metals. He renamed niobium after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalus in Greek mythology. The name reflects the fact that these elements are often found together in nature and have strong geological and chemical similarities.

Holter monitors are small, portable, and battery-powered devices that help monitor and measure the electrical activity of a person's heart continuously for 1-2 days. Physicians use these devices for monitoring ambulatory patients who are susceptible to latent lifethreatening cardiac abnormalities. These devices also help in follow-up treatment for heart attack, measuring heart rate variability, identifying silent ischemia/ST segment analysis, identifying people at risk of sudden death, and detecting implantable pacemaker malfunctions.

A foundation cream is an integral part of any makeup regimen. The increase in the awareness of makeup and its role in enhancing outward appearance has positioned it as a daily necessity. Cosmetic products have become a necessity as a tool to raise self-esteem and gain social acceptance. Although the concept of beauty differs from society to society, the increasing influence of social, print, and digital media has created an objective sense of beauty.