关键词：煤炭；电力；社会用电；火电；装机容量

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关键词：光伏；平价；发展

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基于自主开发的海洋条件系统分析程序RELAP5/MC,研究了倾斜、摇摆海洋条件对浮动式核电厂全船断电事故(SBO)后系统自然循环特性的影响。研究结果表明,对于具有一次侧非能动余热排出系统(PRHR)的浮动式核电厂,PRHR冷凝器在海洋条件下的响应受稳压器波动流量、蒸汽发生器并联热阱的影响,与二次侧PRHR在海洋条件下的性能有较大的差异;稳压器和回路间的流量交换对左舷环路的冷却能力影响较大。

关键词：浮动式核电厂；全船断电；自然循环；RELAP5/MC

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In this paper, we present an approach to large-scale data analysis, Divide and Recombine (D&R), and describe a hardware and software implementation that supports this approach. We then illustrate the use of D&R on large-scale power systems sensor data to perform initial exploration discover multiple data integrity issues, build and validate algorithms to filter bad data, and construct statistical event detection algorithms. This paper also reports on experiences using a non-traditional Hadoop distributed computing setup on top of a HPC computing cluster.

关键词：算法；计算机程序；分布式数据处理；划分和重组

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The aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) are demonstrated to serve as active photothermal media, to enhance and control local photothermal energy deposition via the photothermal effect activated by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and amplified by Al NPs oxidation. The activation source is a 2-AA-battery-powered xenon flash lamp. The extent of the photothermally activated movement of Al NPs can be approx. 6 mm. Ignition delay can be approx. 0.1 ms. Both scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements of motion-only and after-ignition products confirm significant Al oxidation occurs through sintering and bursting after the flash exposure. Simulations suggest local heat generation is enhanced by LSPR. The positive- feedback effects from the local heat generation amplified by Al oxidation produce a large increase in local temperature and pressure, which enhances movement and accelerates ignition.

关键词：电池能源；光热光谱分析；等离子体

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A Forward Operating Base (FOB) is designed to support combat operations in an austere environment, which often lacks pre-existing infrastructure. On-site diesel generators are the primary source of FOB electricity. Traditionally, each generator is connected to its own set of loads and operates independently from other generators. The benefits of transitioning from traditional generator employment to an alternative architecture using an Energy Management System (EMS) were investigated in this thesis. The EMS provides an interface between power sources, loads, and energy storage elements to form a microgrid. Using power electronics and programmable logic, the EMS provides capabilities such as power source selection, power metering, flow control, and peak power management. These capabilities enable more efficient generator utilization by matching real-time load demand to the smallest capable power source, reducing overall fuel consumption. The EMS offers redundancy as it can connect any one of multiple power sources to critical loads. A hardware- based laboratory experiment demonstrated the ability to transition from one power source to another while providing uninterrupted current to the load. The results of the experiment validate a Simulink model of the EMS. An example load profile was applied to the model to compare overall fuel consumption between the traditional architecture and the EMS-enabled microgrid.

关键词：柴油燃料；发电机；能源管理

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Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is important in fuel cells. Although platinum nanoparticles can catalyse the ORR in an efficient way, the high cost of the platinum catalysts, together with its limited reserves in nature, has been shown to be the major 'showstopper' to mass market fuel cells for commercial applications. Following our earlier work on metal-free, nitrogen- doped carbon nanotubes (Gong, K.; Du, F.; Xia, Z.; Durstock, M.; Dai, L. Science 2009, 323, 760) and nitrogen-doped graphene sheets (Qu, L.; Liu, Y.; Baek, J.-B.; Dai, L. ACS Nano 2010, 4, 1321) as highly efficient ORR, we have developed in this project new metal-free and oxygen-free graphene materials by either edge-functionalization or ball milling as efficient electrocatalysts for ORR in fuel cells and other applications, including dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs).

关键词：催化剂；燃料电池；石墨烯；纳米技术

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Single-ion hit for studies of microscopic irradiation experiment is utilized with spatial accuracy of a few micrometers by means of heavy ion microbeam of several hundred MeV at the TIARA cyclotron. High spatial accuracy for the real-time position detection of single-ion hit is essential in irradiation experiments of biological cells. A CR-39 plastic track detector is generally used as a position detector of single-ion hit. The tracks formed on it after chemical etching are observed by microscope. This procedure takes more than an hour and limits efficiency of therefore strongly required, and various scintillators are examined so far. It is taken notice of photostimulated luminescence (PSL) of Al_2O_3:C in this study, which has accurate dose sensitivity ranging from 0.1 μGy to 10 Gy. Photostimulable sample are possible to be prepared by adjusting parameters such as the amount of implantation density of activators by means of the TIARA ion implanter and annealing condition.

关键词：电池；化学反应；单离子反应

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This report describes research on noncognitive measures for screening Army recruiters with potential application to other Noncommissioned Officer (NCO) assignments. One limitation has been that previously validated instruments for this purpose required proctored testing. To make it easier for Soldiers to be tested, reduce costs, and build upon previous work, ARI was requested to assist with the following: (1) developing a computerized, noncognitive measure suitable for unproctored administration; and (2) validating this instrument against measures of recruiter performance. This new instrument is called the Noncommissioned Officer Special Assignment Battery (NSAB). The NSAB is a computer-adaptive, forced-choice assessment that incorporates recent advances in noncognitive measurement that have been shown to be highly faking resistant and suitable for high-stakes testing environments. The NSAB has 18 scales. Results from a sample of 1,032 experienced Army recruiters indicated that Soldiers with high NSAB composite scores reported the following: (1) lower job stress, and (2) higher satisfaction with recruiting duty. These high-scoring recruiters also were rated by their peers and supervisors as performing better than recruiters with lower NSAB composite scores. These findings indicate that the NSAB can help to identify Soldiers with high potential for recruiting duty success, and it also has the potential for screening in other NCO assignments.

关键词：电池；特殊电池；电池性能

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Amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin film solar cells are one of the major candidates for flexible space solar cells, since it is known they have not only good radiation tolerance, but also many distinct advantages: high specific power, high flexibility, ruggedness, and tight rollup feature for stowage. Additionally, they also have the potential for reductions of both cost and stowage volume. Recently, the specific power of 1200 W/kg has been attained by triple-junction (TJ) amorphous silicon alloy solar cells using roll-to-roll processing. However, systematic knowledge of the radiation degradation of a-Si solar cells is still insufficient compared to other types of solar cells, such as crystalline Si and Ⅲ-Ⅴ compounds.

关键词：太阳能电池；电池材料；硅晶体

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