Desalination is a procedure that helps in separating dissolved salts and other minerals from seawater, brackish water, and groundwater & surface water. It is deemed as an alternative sustainable supply of freshwater with the requisite quality and quantity. The key advantage of desalination is that it can provide high-quality drinking water for consumption in areas of water scarcity. Desalination addresses diminishing freshwater supplies as the countries are looking for solutions to deal with water scarcity caused by climate change, industrial development, pollution, and population growth. Innovations in technology have improved energy efficiency, where larger economies of scale have also aided in reducing costs, thereby assisting in the growth of the overall water desalination market.

Ultrapure water (UPW) is a highly purified water that has been purified to uncommonly stringent specifications. It is used as a cleaning agent in semiconductor plants. Therefore, the most important factor is that the water is treated to the highest levels of purity for all contaminants. The water should not contain any dissolved impurities that might settle on circuits, thereby leading to the failure of microchips. Hence, the growing applications in the semiconductor industry, especially in APAC and North America, are expected to accelerate the demand for ultrapure water during the forecast period.

近年来主动进行ESG 信息披露的A 股上市公司数量逐年增加。证券时报— 中国资本市场研究院统计的数据显示，沪深两市共有超1100 家A 股公司发 布了2020 年ESG 报告，发布报告的公司数量占比近27%。头部大型上市 公司ESG 信息披露质量较高，示范效应比较明显。尽管主动公开披露ESG 信息的上市公司在快速增加，企业落实ESG 的意识在增强，但整体占比依 旧不高。

国家电网年内将再开工建设“四交四直”特高压工程，加快推进“一交五直”等特高压工程前期工作，争取早核准早开工。在特高压建设方面，今年1-7 月，福州-厦门、驻马店-武汉特高压交流开工建设，白鹤滩-江苏特高压直流竣工投产。年内，建成投产南阳-荆门-长沙、荆门-武汉特高压交流等工程，计划陆续开工建设金上-湖北、陇东-山东、宁夏-湖南、哈密-重庆直流以及武汉—南昌、张北-胜利、川渝和黄石交流“四交四直”8 项特高压工程，总投资超过1500 亿元，进一步发挥电网投资拉动作用。

2022 年全国碳排放权交易市场建设工作会议：力争早日重启CCER 项 目备案和全国统一注册交易。下一步，全国碳市场将以数据质量为重点， 扎实推进碳市场各项任务:（1）加快完善制度机制。（2）组织开展监督 帮扶问题“回头看”。（3）建立碳市场数据质量日常监管机制。（4）加快 推进 2021 年度核查工作。（5）扎实做好第二个履约周期配额分配工作。 （6）切实压实企业碳排放数据管理主体责任。（7）切实加强技术服务 机构的监督管理。（8）稳步推进温室气体自愿减排交易市场建设。会议 同时强调，要落实建立全国统一大市场的相关要求，各地方不再新建区 域性碳市场、碳交易机构和自愿减排交易机构，全面提升参与碳市场交 易的能力。碳市场建设工作持续推进，推动优质环保资产发展。

明确六大重点任务，体现前端清洁&中端节能&后端循环导向。方案提出工业领域碳达峰的重点任务包括深度调整产业结构、深入推进节能降碳、积极推行绿色制造、大力发展循环经济、加快工业绿色低碳技术变革、主动推进工业领域数字化转型六大方向，并指明详细的路径。