Induces the operating principle of the induced radiation unit and studies the uniformity of indoor temperature distribution in the space and time, comfort and dewing condensation based on the PMV-PPD thermal comfort evaluation system.Through data collation and results analysis,obtains thermal comfort superiority and energy-saving potential of the reduced radiation air conditioning.The results show that the temperature distribution in the room stalled by the reduced radiation units is uniform, without sense of temperature difference and ventilation, providing an ultra-comfortable environment and that the indoor setting temperature can be up to 27℃ on the premise of meeting comfort requirement.At the same time, air supply of low temperature can be achieved without condensation, reflecting the energy-saving potential of the system.These provide a reference for design of the induced radiation air conditioning system and further study.

关键词：致辐射单元；热舒适；PMV-PPD分析；节能

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The luminous efficiency do make four impact factors confused such as existing of dissipated light,ability for transmission of lighting sources,distortion of visual effects and different values of power choosing during the luminous efficiency comparison under its current definition.In this paper,the equivalent luminous efficiency was introduced based on the discussion of these factors which maintains the form of current definition of luminous efficiency while it sets the equivalent coefficient to make test results comparable under different measurement conditions,so as to be clear when we compare and evaluate the properties of energy-saving and luminescence of luminaries.

关键词：发光效率;等效发光效率;等效系数;节能

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报告从新能源、新材料、节能环保、生物等方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：新能源；新材料；节能环保；生物

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本文分别对2013-2014年中国污水处理市场概况、市场规模、竞争格局、市场预测等几个方面进行了分析。

关键词：污水处理；市场概况；市场规模；竞争格局；市场预测

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Atmospheric deposition, a process that transfers pollutants, including NOx, SO2, and mercury, from the air to the earth's surface, can significantly impair the quality of the nation's waters. EPA can potentially address atmospheric deposition through the CWA and the CAA, but concerns have been raised about its ability to do so. GAO was asked to examine EPA's efforts to address atmospheric deposition of pollutants that impair waterbodies. This report examines (1) the extent to which atmospheric deposition of NOx, SO2, and mercury contributes to the impairment of the nation's waters and identify the key sources of these pollutants; (2) the regulatory tools that EPA uses under the CWA to address the effects of atmospheric deposition, and the challenges, if any, that it faces in doing so; and (3) the regulatory tools that EPA uses under the CAA to address the effects of atmospheric deposition, and the challenges, if any, that it faces in doing so. To conduct this work, GAO reviewed EPA data, reports, and activities and interviewed agency officials and other experts.

关键词：水质；损害；空气污染；大气沉降

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The overall objective of this research has been to develop the capacity to predict how future climatic variation may affect carbon cycle processes and net CO2 exchange with the atmosphere at the Howland Forest, a temperate-boreal ecotonal forest that uniquely represents this ecosystem type in the AmeriFlux network. Major goals of the project have been to (1) provide a detailed characterization of C-cycle processes at Howland; (2) develop and test prognostic models to forecast future C-cycle processes; and (3) obtain defensible estimates of the uncertainties in measured and modeled C fluxes and pools.

关键词：森林；陆地生态系统；碳循环；大气环流

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Simulation of surface wind and upper-ocean variability associated with the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) by a regional coupled model, the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS), is evaluated by the comparison with in situ and satellite observations. COAMPS is configured for the tropical Indian Ocean domain with the horizontal resolution of 27 km for the atmospheric component and 1/8 deg for the ocean component. A high-resolution nested grid (9 km) for the atmospheric component is used for the central Indian Ocean. While observational data are assimilated into the atmospheric component, no data are assimilated into the ocean component. The model was integrated during 1 March-30 April 2009 when an active episode of large-scale convection associated with the MJO passed eastward across the Indian Ocean. During this MJO event, strong surface westerly winds (approximately 8 ms-1) were observed in the central equatorial Indian Ocean, and they generated a strong eastward jet (approximately 1 ms -1) on the equator. COAMPS can realistically simulate these surface wind and upper-ocean variations. The sensitivity of upper-ocean variability to the atmospheric model resolution is examined by the COAMPS experiment without the high-resolution nested grid. The equatorial jet generated in this experiment is about 20weaker than that in the first experiment, which significantly influences upper-ocean salinity and temperature. The large diurnal warming of SST during the suppressed phase of the MJO is also adequately simulated by the model. Weak winds during this period are mostly responsible for the large SST diurnal variation based on the comparison with the spatial variation of surface forcing fields.

关键词：荡;季节变化，热带地区;人工卫星;大气模式

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A small easily deployable buoy, Marine-Air-Sea-Flux System (MASFlux), has been developed by the Meteorology Department of the Naval Postgraduate School. This system measures turbulence perturbations, mean wind and thermodynamic profiles, surface wave, and upper ocean temperature simultaneously. This research focuses on testing, documenting, and evaluating the MASFlux performance. The buoy system was tested in the Monterey Bay since August 2012 using small vessels, with the first three deployments focusing on sensor and buoy performance improvements. Concurrent measurements of wave and turbulence fluxes in the lower part of the atmospheric boundary layer during the last three deployments were not subject to apparent sensor errors or excessive mast rotations. Data from these deployments are analyzed here. The two-dimensional wave measurements were compared with those from the Datawell DWR-G4 wave buoys and showed consistent results in all deployments. Turbulent spectra analyses for data before and after buoy motion correction demonstrate the effectiveness in motion correction for the MASFlux. The spectra revealed a significant amount of energy in the atmospheric turbulence at frequencies of the dominant swell. The mean vertical wind profiles also indicated the effects of swell. These initial measurements and results point to great potential for the MASFlux for future air-sea-wave study.

关键词：空气与水的相互作用;浮标;部署;热通量;气象

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Neutral density shows complicated temporal and spatial variations driven by external forcing of the thermosphere/ionosphere system, internal dynamics, and thermosphere and ionosphere coupling. Temporal variations include abrupt changes with a time scale of minutes to hours, diurnal variation, multi-day variation, solar-rotational variation, annual/semiannual variation, solar-cycle variation, and long-term trends with a time scale of decades. Spatial variations include latitudinal and longitudinal variations, as well as variation with altitude. Atmospheric drag on satellites varies strongly as a function of thermospheric mass density. Errors in estimating density cause orbit prediction error, and impact satellite operations including accurate catalog maintenance, collision avoidance for manned and unmanned space flight, and re-entry prediction. In this paper, we summarize and discuss these density variations, their magnitudes, and their forcing mechanisms, using neutral density data sets and modeling results. The neutral density data sets include neutral density observed by the accelerometers onboard the Challenging Mini-satellite Payload (CHAMP), neutral density at satellite perigees, and global-mean neutral density derived from thousands of orbiting objects. Modeling results are from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) thermosphere-ionosphere-electrodynamics general circulation model (TIE-GCM), and from the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model.

关键词：层中性密度；密度变化;卫星的阻力;密度数据

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To reduce the influence of atmospheric turbulence on images of space- based objects we are developing a maximum a posteriori deconvolution approach. In contrast to techniques found in the literature, we are focusing on the statistics of the point-spread function (PSF) instead of the object. We incorporated statistical information about the PSF into multi-frame blind deconvolution. Theoretical constraints on the average PSF shape come from the work of D. L. Fried while for the univariate speckle statistics we rely on the gamma distribution adopted from radar/laser speckle studies of J. W. Goodman. Our aim is to develop deconvolution strategy which is reference-less, i.e., no calibration PSF is required, extendable to longer exposures, and applicable to imaging with adaptive optics. The theory and resulting deconvolution framework were validated using simulations and real data from the 3.5m telescope at the Starfire Optical Range (SOR) in New Mexico.

关键词：大气运动；空间监视；大气湍流；Gamma分布

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