本文首先对宁夏回族自治区药品流通行业发展的总体情况进行介绍，接着从加强协会党建工作、创新发展理念、优化行业结构、加快专业人才队伍建设、推动多元化经营、维护企业合法权益等方面对宁夏医药行业协会2019年在药品流通方面所做的工作进行详细介绍，展现了行业协会对行业发展所做的贡献。

未来5年全球药物市场增长放缓，特效药物将成为主要增长点。下一代生物治疗药物在全球范围推出，给医疗领域利益相关方带来潜在影响。数字处方疗法获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准进入市场，文中详细介绍了这种疗法的特点及带来的好处。人工智能等新技术将影响药物研发及使用。关于药物定价引来各利益相关方的激烈讨论，美国颁布药物定价改革政策，可能产生重大后果。未来5年，新兴生物制药公司发展速度加快，研发活动比例提高，推出药物数量不断增加。制药企业尽管利润较为丰厚，但未来仍然面临收入与成本的挑战。

Intravenous (IV) therapy helps to deliver medications, fluids, and other nutrients directly into the body through veins. IV therapy is used during lifesaving therapeutic treatment and in wellness treatment. Since ancient times, blood therapy has been around, and blood has been viewed as a therapeutic substance. However, lack of proper understanding of blood types, infectious agents, and the absence of ideal materials such as plastics held back IV therapy for centuries. Later, IV therapy became the fastest way of delivering blood products, medications, vitamins, or other vital fluids. IV therapy is usually provided to the patient with the help of an intravenous catheter, either through an injection with a syringe or infusion.

Healthy sex life is a human aspect that has a massive impact on one’s overall wellness. Continuous efforts are being made to spread the awareness of sexual wellness. With end-users getting more educated, along with incremental advancements in technology enabling people to explore the healthy aspects of their sexual life, the concept of sexual wellness has started to achieve significant recognition worldwide.

Over the past few decades, the pharmaceutical packaging panorama has seen a lot of changes and transformations. The launch of new technologies has lined the way for pharma packaging companies to discover more advanced solutions, enhance their procedures, and drive proficiencies across the supply chain. In the early days, glass medical and drug bottles were common and less costly to manufacture. However, plastic bottles were effective but very costly to produce on a mass scale. Eventually, with innovations, plastic became less expensive. As the production costs of these materials went down, they became the standard options for pharmaceutical packaging. At present, plastic bottles are everywhere in the pharmaceutical field, offering tamper-proof, child-safe options and resilience against water, heat, and impact.

Respiratory masks (RM) are protective devices covering a part of the user’s face. They are designed to protect both the person who wears them and the immediate environment from breathable pollutants (respiratory poisons or bacterial/viral pathogenic organisms). Face masks can be classified as full masks, half, and quarter masks. While a full mask covers the whole face, a half mask fits from under the chin to above the nose, a quarter mask fits from the top of the nose to the top of the chin. The breathing resistance varies proportionally to the density of the mask material used.

In the 1840s, the introduction of ether, a surgical anesthetic, made surgical procedures more common. Initially, general anesthesia was given through a device that covered the nose and mouth of the patient. The concern for aspiration of gastric content was not appreciated, and postoperative pneumonia became a common problem. Trendelenburg (1869) designed the first inflatable cuff, a thin rubber bag that was fitted over the end of a tracheostomy tube. It created a tight seal to prevent aspiration during anesthesia. As an alternate method for tracheostomy, Macewen (1880) suggested passing an oral tube into the trachea to relieve an obstruction. Later, anesthesiologist Franz Kuhn used metal tubes and preferred the oral route over tracheostomy and popularized orotracheal anesthesia.

2022 年3 月11 日，中国国家药监局批准翰森制药的Inebilizumab 注射 液上市，用于治疗视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍（NMOSD）。NMOSD 是一 种罕见的中枢神经系统自身免疫性疾病，主要病因与水通道蛋白-4 （AQP4）有关。根据2015 年Etemadifar 的研究，NMOSD 全球总患 病率为 1.82/10 万，多见于亚洲患者。

经过板块调整，医药行业泡沫得以释放，部分板块已进入合理估值区间，预 期2022 年生物医药板块整体相对稳定。部分板块有望保持高景气度增长， 但是仍然需要精挑细选。