“基于追溯实现医药行业的供应链服务”依托于国药控股上海生物医药有限公司自主开发的“全溯”平台，将药品追溯码应用于供应链—物流业务过程，通过提供App、openAPI接口等方式，采用业务操作来生成追溯信息，构建实时、全程的追溯平台。同时，针对供应链、物流作业、终端应用场景提供使用追溯码的追溯验证服务，及时发现异常药品的流入，有效避免了异常药品被销售和使用。

京东健康依托京东集团资源优势，在医药零售、互联网医疗、智慧解决方案和健康服务四个业务板块基础上，逐步完善“互联网+医疗健康”产业布局。充分发挥其数字化、智慧化、完备的实物供应链能力，进一步推进医药零售线上运行。同时，京东大药房基于互联网技术和优质医疗资源打造的医药服务供应链，加速了线上线下融合，成为“互联网+医疗健康”的新型基础设施，发挥了重要作用。

本文首先从多个角度介绍山东省2017～2019年药品流通行业经济运行总体情况及山东省药品流通直报企业数据统计情况，指明山东省药品流通行业发展存在应收账款周期长、利润结构不均衡、物流准入执行不统一等问题。并提出应进一步提升药品流通行业的地位，建议从政府层面引导解决应收账款周期长、纸质发票成本高等问题，并对服务模式创新给予优惠政策扶持。

本文首先对宁夏回族自治区药品流通行业发展的总体情况进行介绍，接着从加强协会党建工作、创新发展理念、优化行业结构、加快专业人才队伍建设、推动多元化经营、维护企业合法权益等方面对宁夏医药行业协会2019年在药品流通方面所做的工作进行详细介绍，展现了行业协会对行业发展所做的贡献。

未来5年全球药物市场增长放缓，特效药物将成为主要增长点。下一代生物治疗药物在全球范围推出，给医疗领域利益相关方带来潜在影响。数字处方疗法获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准进入市场，文中详细介绍了这种疗法的特点及带来的好处。人工智能等新技术将影响药物研发及使用。关于药物定价引来各利益相关方的激烈讨论，美国颁布药物定价改革政策，可能产生重大后果。未来5年，新兴生物制药公司发展速度加快，研发活动比例提高，推出药物数量不断增加。制药企业尽管利润较为丰厚，但未来仍然面临收入与成本的挑战。

Intravenous (IV) therapy helps to deliver medications, fluids, and other nutrients directly into the body through veins. IV therapy is used during lifesaving therapeutic treatment and in wellness treatment. Since ancient times, blood therapy has been around, and blood has been viewed as a therapeutic substance. However, lack of proper understanding of blood types, infectious agents, and the absence of ideal materials such as plastics held back IV therapy for centuries. Later, IV therapy became the fastest way of delivering blood products, medications, vitamins, or other vital fluids. IV therapy is usually provided to the patient with the help of an intravenous catheter, either through an injection with a syringe or infusion.

Healthy sex life is a human aspect that has a massive impact on one’s overall wellness. Continuous efforts are being made to spread the awareness of sexual wellness. With end-users getting more educated, along with incremental advancements in technology enabling people to explore the healthy aspects of their sexual life, the concept of sexual wellness has started to achieve significant recognition worldwide.

Over the past few decades, the pharmaceutical packaging panorama has seen a lot of changes and transformations. The launch of new technologies has lined the way for pharma packaging companies to discover more advanced solutions, enhance their procedures, and drive proficiencies across the supply chain. In the early days, glass medical and drug bottles were common and less costly to manufacture. However, plastic bottles were effective but very costly to produce on a mass scale. Eventually, with innovations, plastic became less expensive. As the production costs of these materials went down, they became the standard options for pharmaceutical packaging. At present, plastic bottles are everywhere in the pharmaceutical field, offering tamper-proof, child-safe options and resilience against water, heat, and impact.

Respiratory masks (RM) are protective devices covering a part of the user’s face. They are designed to protect both the person who wears them and the immediate environment from breathable pollutants (respiratory poisons or bacterial/viral pathogenic organisms). Face masks can be classified as full masks, half, and quarter masks. While a full mask covers the whole face, a half mask fits from under the chin to above the nose, a quarter mask fits from the top of the nose to the top of the chin. The breathing resistance varies proportionally to the density of the mask material used.

In the 1840s, the introduction of ether, a surgical anesthetic, made surgical procedures more common. Initially, general anesthesia was given through a device that covered the nose and mouth of the patient. The concern for aspiration of gastric content was not appreciated, and postoperative pneumonia became a common problem. Trendelenburg (1869) designed the first inflatable cuff, a thin rubber bag that was fitted over the end of a tracheostomy tube. It created a tight seal to prevent aspiration during anesthesia. As an alternate method for tracheostomy, Macewen (1880) suggested passing an oral tube into the trachea to relieve an obstruction. Later, anesthesiologist Franz Kuhn used metal tubes and preferred the oral route over tracheostomy and popularized orotracheal anesthesia.