The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) SunShot Vision Study (DOE 2012) explored the impact of reducing solar prices by about 75from 2010 to 2020 on the potential deployment of solar technologies in the United States. DOE's SunShot Initiative envisions reaching a $1.50/W installed system price for residential rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems by 2020 and a $1.25/W installed price for commercial rooftop PV systems by 2020. The SolarDS model was used to simulate rooftop PV market demand based on these price projections, along with several market assumptions, including customer access to financing, future retail electricity rates, and net-metering policies. In the SunShot Vision Study, U.S. rooftop PV demand increased from about 1 GW in 2010 to 121 GW by 2030 and 240 GW by 2050.

关键词：太阳能电池阵列；能源政策；光伏电源

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This test report analyzes the results of power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) simulation testing of a 500 kW Satcon photovoltaic (PV) inverter. The tests were conducted at the Center for Advanced Power Systems (CAPS) at Florida State University (FSU) from March 12th through March 16th,2012. It complements the test report issued by FSU, which details the test procedure and overall test results. This report presents independent analysis conducted by Satcon of data captured during testing. It will focus specifically on the operation of the inverter during testing. The purpose of the report is to present analysis that: 1. Validates the microgrid test configuration by verifying that the inverter responds to the environment in a manner that is consistent with an equivalent real-world application; 2. Demonstrates two different power control modes of the inverter, and 3. Identifies areas for further development or refinement of the inverters existing power control functions, and identifies potential issues or modifications to the PHIL test approach for future similar PHIL tests.

关键词：光伏电源；逆变器；配电；电网；互联电网系统

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We seek to forecast the lifetime of modules in the field using accelerated testing. Collection of sufficient data from modules undergoing indoor accelerated lifetime testing to enable statistical analyses and lifetime predictions has been difficult, and data are lacking. Measurement of power degradation generally involves intermittently removing the module from the environmental chamber and measuring power on a solar simulator, which is a time-consuming process when numerous samples are involved. Methods are therefore sought to characterize the state of degradation of the module in-situ during stress testing.

关键词：硅；太阳能；电力系统；电源供应器

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In order to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic generation as well as the power quality,grid-connected inverters for PV generation research was carried out for photovoltaic maximum power point tracking.Based on some current studies on the incremental conductance method,an advanced incremental conductance control algorithm was proposed,which can track maximum power point rapidly and accurately.The oscillation phenomenon,which exists near the maximum power point,was improved at a great extent,so to the efficiency of photovoltaic cells generation electricity.The inverter control system has an advantage in its high speed and flexibility by applying advanced control algorithm.And the source harmonic current is remarkably reduced.In addition,the power factor is enhanced and the power quality is improved.Finally,according to the principle of inverter control system and based on the analysis on the mathematical model of photovoltaic inverter,a simulation model of that is established based on MATLAB/SIMULINK.

关键词：光伏发电；并网；逆变器；最大功率点跟踪

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This report presents results from the second U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sponsored, bottom-up data-collection and analysis of non-hardware balance-of-system costs--often referred to as business process or soft costs--for U.S. residential and commercial photovoltaic (PV) systems. Annual expenditure and labor-hour-productivity data are analyzed to benchmark 2012 soft costs related to (1) customer acquisition and system design and (2) permitting, inspection, and interconnection (PII). We also include an in-depth analysis of costs related to financing, overhead, and profit. The second annual survey of U.S. PV installers was deployed from September 2012 to May 2013, focusing on customer acquisition and PII costs for the study period of January 1 to June 30, 2012. We gathered data from 55 residential PV installers, representing 4,260 residential installations and approximately 27 MW of residential capacity installed during the first half of 2012. We cleaned the data for outliers, yielding sample sizes ranging by cost category from 47 to 53. We also gathered data from 22 commercial PV installers, representing 269 commercial PV installations during the 6-month study period for a total of 66 MW of capacity.

关键词：光伏电源;基准;成本;数据收集;互联电力系统

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This presentation gives the historical background of the creation of the International PV QA Task Force as an introduction to the PV Module Reliability Workshop.

关键词：光伏电源;质量保证;建议;电力系统

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2014年8月28日，国家发展改革委印发《关于进一步疏导环保电价矛盾的通知》（发改价格[2014]1908号），决定自9月1日起在保持销售电价总水平不变的情况下，适当降低燃煤发电企业上网电价，以进一步疏导环保电价矛盾，并同步推进部分地区工商业用电同价。本文将就此次电价调整的背景、主要内容及影响进行简要分析。

关键词：电价；调整解析

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Previous work quantifying the non-hardware balance-of-system costs--or soft costs--associated with building a residential or commercial photovoltaic (PV) system has left a significant portion unsegmented in an other soft costs category. This report attempts to better quantify the other soft costs by focusing on the financing, overhead, and profit of residential and commercial PV installations for a specific business model. There are many different business models in the PV marketplace, with varying cost structures; however, a common model was chosen to gain better insight of typical costs within the currently unsegmented other soft costs category. This report presents results from a bottom-up data-collection and analysis of the upfront costs associated with developing, constructing, and arranging third-party-financed residential and commercial PV systems. It quantifies the indirect corporate costs required to install distributed PV systems as well as the transactional costs associated with arranging third-party financing. It accompanies the recent National Renewable Energy Laboratory soft cost benchmarking report (Friedman et al. 2013), which quantifies all the non-hardware balance-of-system costs associated with building a residential or commercial PV system.

关键词：光伏电源;融资;基准;电子系统

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关键词：碳排放；困境；能耗；国际形象

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The uncertainty and variability associated with photovoltaic (PV) generation make it very challenging to balance power system generation and load, especially for high penetration cases. Higher reserve requirements and more cycling of conventional generators are generally anticipated for large-scale PV integration. However, whether the existing generation fleet is flexible enough to handle the variations and how well the system can maintain its control performance are difficult to predict. The goal of this project is to develop a software program that can perform intra-hour dispatch and automatic generation control (AGC) simulation, by which the balancing operations of a system can be simulated to answer the questions posed above. The simulator, named Electric System Intra-Hour Operation Simulator (ESIOS), uses the NV Energy southern system as a study case, and models the systems generator configurations, AGC functions, and operator actions used to balance system generation and load. Actual dispatch of AGC generators and control performance under various PV penetration levels were assessed by running ESIOS. The results could provide system operators with more insights on what to expect with different amount of PV generation in the system. This report describes the design of the simulator and presents the study results.

关键词：光伏电源；可再生能源；仿真；电力系统

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