关键词：光伏电源;融资;基准;电子系统
摘 要：Previous work quantifying the non-hardware balance-of-system costs--or soft costs--associated with building a residential or commercial photovoltaic (PV) system has left a significant portion unsegmented in an other soft costs category. This report attempts to better quantify the other soft costs by focusing on the financing, overhead, and profit of residential and commercial PV installations for a specific business model. There are many different business models in the PV marketplace, with varying cost structures; however, a common model was chosen to gain better insight of typical costs within the currently unsegmented other soft costs category. This report presents results from a bottom-up data-collection and analysis of the upfront costs associated with developing, constructing, and arranging third-party-financed residential and commercial PV systems. It quantifies the indirect corporate costs required to install distributed PV systems as well as the transactional costs associated with arranging third-party financing. It accompanies the recent National Renewable Energy Laboratory soft cost benchmarking report (Friedman et al. 2013), which quantifies all the non-hardware balance-of-system costs associated with building a residential or commercial PV system.