Global treatment and payment protocols are gaining interest as an efficient and effective method for healthcare delivery. Although Osteopathic Manipulative Therapy (OMT) has been traditionally provided on a fee for service basis, a global treatment and payment program for OMT may be suitable for the management of chronic pain. This research tests a protocol for a global treatment and payment model for OMT in chronic back pain showing it to be well received by family medicine residents and patients with the potential to serve as a protocol for future evaluation of global treatment and payment models for OMT for a variety of conditions.

关键词：临床医学；背部疼痛；医疗保健服务；医药

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This project examined the relationship between use of the Arizona Highways magazine (AHM) Facebook Page and the decision to travel to or within Arizona. Key purposes were to: (1) provide a thorough understanding of AHM Facebook Page users, including demographics and the relationships among magazine subscription, use of the AHM Facebook Page, and use of the AHM website; and (2) provide a thorough understanding of the AHM Facebook Page effectiveness, including users perceptions and preferred content, factors that encourage users to visit regularly, and the Pages influence on users decisions to travel to or within Arizona. Criteria were established for assessing effectiveness of the AHM Facebook Page and were grouped into three focus areas: (1) growing the AHM Facebook Page community; (2) encouraging Page fans to visit the AHM website, to support the goal of increasing sales and subscriptions; and (3) using the AHM Facebook Page more effectively to encourage increased travel to and within Arizona. The study presents 26 recommendations in the three focus areas noted above, of which AHM has selected 10 as the highest priority for implementation. The research results can be used by ADOT, Arizona Highways magazine, and tourism industry professionals in developing content for their Facebook Pages that positively influences decisions to travel to or within Arizona. The project can also serve as a model for others who have interest in the use of social media.

关键词：亚利桑那州；公路运输；计算机程序；通信

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Research has shown that an effective way to reduce impaired driving is to increase the perceived risk of being stopped and arrested by law enforcement if driving while impaired. One of the most successful strategies for doing this is the coupling of intense and highly visible enforcement with publicity about the enforcement campaign. The term high-visibility enforcement (HVE) is used to describe law enforcement efforts aimed at deterring unsafe driving behavior by increasing the public's perception of being caught, arrested, and prosecuted. Two common enforcement strategies of HVE operations are sobriety checkpoints and saturation patrols. Checkpoints concentrate law enforcement officers at the roadside to identify impaired drivers passing through. Saturation patrols involve an increased number of officers patrolling a limited area where impaired driving is prevalent. Both use highly visible elements (such as a concentration of law enforcement officers, bright lights, signs, and marked patrol cars) to heighten their visual impact. Enforcement efforts must be supported by an equal amount of publicity and communications.

关键词：汽车；事故减少；交通安全

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The goal of this proposal is to develop novel modeling techniques to infer individual activity patterns from the large scale cell phone datasets and taxi data from NYC. As such this research offers a paradigm shift from traditional transportation modeling by using large scale, disaggregate data and provides an unique perspective to understand the complex interactions among human behavior, urban environments and traffic patterns. Urban development shapes the transportation systems, it determines what kind of transportation system a city has, and what does it look like. As an important dynamic component in urban systems, activities of transportation systems in turn captures the dynamics of the entire urban systems and enhance of our knowledge about the complex urban systems. This will ultimately contribute to the improvement of level of service and policy making on transportation systems. Taxi as a transportation tool has its unique characteristics. It is capable of capturing urban movement patterns both spatially and temporally since they serve as real time probes in the network. Moreover, we are able to examine the pulse of the city, the gap between supply and demand, real time road congestions and even more. On the other hand, accurate estimation and prediction of urban link travel times are important for improving urban traffic operations and identifying key bottlenecks in the traffic network.

关键词：汽车；大规模数据集；GPS

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Vaccines have significantly contributed to worldwide reductions in morbidity and mortality by reducing the incidence of serious infectious diseases (IOM, 2012). Today, people all over the world experience the benefits of immunizations, beginning in infancy. Most adults in the United States have not witnessed firsthand the devastating illnesses against which vaccines offer protection, for example, polio, diphtheria, and Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. However, as the incidence of vaccine-preventable disease has declined, many do not appreciate the potential of these diseases to reemerge, and the potential adverse effects of the vaccines themselves take on greater saliency among certain stakeholders. Indeed, vaccine safety concerns exist among a diverse range of individuals, institutions, and formal and informal networks worldwide. Healthy individuals are immunized with immunogenic materials that induce immunity to serious pathogens. A schedule is a tool that is used to ensure that the recommended immunizations are provided to shield both children and adults from disease when they are the most vulnerable. In the United States, schedules recommended by the U.S. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) (schedules for children from birth to age 6 years, children and adolescents ages 7 through 18 years, and adults) are based on the immunogenicity of vaccines and the burden and timing of disease (CDC, 2011a). Each schedule is designed and updated yearly on the basis of new evidence (see Appendix A). This report focuses on the vaccines that protect young children under age 6 years against 14 different pathogens because that time period is when multiple inoculations are given (see Appendix A).

关键词：

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The current study involves a head to head comparison of the reliability and clinical validity of four neurocognitive assessment tools (NCAT s) for the acute neurocognitive assessment, tracking cognitive recovery, and informing clinical management after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The specific NCAT s under study include: the Automated Neuropsychiatric Assessment Metric (ANAM), AXON Sports, Defense Automated Neurobehavioral Assessment (DANA), and Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT). The study design involves both a Sports Concussion Arm and Civilian mTBI Arm. Both study arms are fully operational with data collection underway, with steady progress toward recruitment of mTBI/concussion participants and controls. In the first phase of data collection, we have enrolled more than 400 athletes in the baseline study phase, and 38 injured and control participants in the postinjury protocol. A new online e-consent platform developed as part of this project has been highly effective. Obstacles to recruitment in the civilian mTBI (hospital emergency dept.) arm have been identified and alternate strategies developed. Overall, the study is on target with respect to statement of work, timeline and budget. With ongoing recruitment of injured and control participants, we anticipate having informative data on our specific aims relevant to the NCAT s as part of future annual reports.

关键词：创伤性脑损伤；预算；临床医学；医药

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The initial objective of this proposal is to characterize the regulation of BHC80 on the Snail-LSD1 interaction, and explore the prognostic value of BHC80 as biomarker for the metastasis of breast cancer. In the first year of the study, we aim to delineate the mechanisms underlying the interplay among BHC80, LSD1 and Snail. More specifically, we plan to verify if 1) the PHD finger of BHC80 interacts with the SNAG domain of Snail; 2) BHC80 affects the protein stability of Snail and LSD1; and 3) BHC80 affects LSD1/Snail binding to E-cadherin promoter. After we over-expressed the wild type and PHD finger deletion mutant of BHC80 in HEK293 cells and performed co-immunoprecipitation experiments, we found there was no significant difference between wild type and mutant BHC80 in regard to Snail binding affinity. We further identified that in addition to BHC80, PARP1 was a component of Snail/LSD1 complex. According to our initial data, BHC80 might cooperate with PARP1 to affect the protein stability of Snail and LSD1, as well as Snail/LSD1 binding to the target gene promoter. The identification and functional characterization of PAPR1 will potentially help us better understand the role of the Snail/LSD1 complex in breast cancer metastasis, and explore the prognostic value of this complex as a biomarker.

关键词：乳腺癌；转移；;基因表达；基因；医药

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The primary goal of this collaborative research project is to develop next generation engineered nerve guide conduits (NGCs) with aligned nanofibers and favorable release kinetics of neurotrophic factors to help improve surgical outcomes after injuries involving peripheral nerves. In the second year of the work, we further improved the gradient loading of the neurotrophic factor GDNF (Glial cell derived neurotrophic factor) and tested various combinations of NGCs in a rat sciatic nerve regeneration model. We have also started the IACUC application for the large animal validation study using the peroneal nerve repair in dogs.

关键词：神经；再生（生理学）；修复；医药

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Alternative fuels have the potential to provide significant economic and environmental benefits to airports and their communities. These fuels can lead to improvements in local air quality emissions and reductions in life-cycle greenhouse gases. In addition, alternative fuels offer the possibility to diversify away from imported conventional petroleum-derived fuels and enhance energy security. Furthermore, alternative fuel distribution programs offer airports additional business opportunities to generate revenue through the operation of such facilities or leasing of land to third-party operators. Airports are natural nodes for multi-modal demand and are ideally situated to become distribution centers for a variety of alternative fuels for aircraft and surface transportation. Producers and marketers of alternative fuels can take advantage of this concentrated demand to strengthen their business case as they can cater to a wide spectrum of potential clients, including airlines, airports, and third-party operators such as rental car facilities, courtesy shuttles, taxis, buses, freight trucks, and other fleets that may operate nearby. This is especially the case for facilities that produce alternative jet fuel because, in addition to jet fuel, they also produce co-products such as green diesel, which can be used by some passenger and most cargo vehicles.

关键词：汽车；替代燃料；能源

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Session types axe types for distributed communicating processes. They were born from process encodings of data structures and typical interaction scenarios in an asynchronous version of the π-calculus, and are being studied and developed as a potential basis for structuring concurrent and distributed computing, as well as in their own right. In this paper, we introduce basic ideas of sessions and session types, outline their key technical elements, and discuss how they may be usable for programming, drawing from our experience and comparing with existing paradigms, especially concurrent objects such as actors. We discuss how session types can offer a programming framework in which communications are structured both in program text and at run-time.

关键词：会话类型；分布式通信；数据结构

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