The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is providing the Draft Guidance for PM(sub 2.5) Permit Modeling to the public for consideration, review, and comment. The Draft Guidance for PM(sub 2.5) Permit Modeling incorporates the modeling procedures and recommendations from the Stephen Page, March 23, 2010, guidance memorandum, 'Modeling Procedures for Demonstrating Compliance with PM(sub 2.5) NAAQS,' and further clarifies procedures for adequately addressing primary and secondarily formed fine particulate matter (PM(sub 2.5)) in a National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) and increment compliance demonstration under Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD). This draft guidance document is also consistent with the EPA's Guideline on Air Quality Models, also published as Appendix W of 40 CFR Part 51. The release of the Guidance for PM(sub 2.5) Permit Modeling at the conclusion of this review process will fulfill a need for additional guidance on demonstrating compliance with the PM(sub 2.5) NAAQS, especially with regard to considerations of the secondarily formed component of PM(sub 2.5), as noted in the March 23, 2010, Stephen Page guidance memorandum, and is consistent with the EPA's commitments in the Gina McCarthy, January 4, 2012, administrative grant of the July 28, 2012, Sierra Club petition.

关键词：空气污染；PM2.5；建模；指导草案

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North Cascades National Park Complex, located in Northwest Washington, includes North Cascades National Park and Lake Chelan and Ross Lake National Recreation Areas. North Cascades National Park is designated as a Class I air quality area and is afforded special protection under the federal Clean Air Act. North Cascades National Park Complex is vulnerable to air pollution from nearby urban and agricultural areas, as well as to pollution from regional and even global sources. To better understand and protect air quality, the National Park Service has monitored air quality and air pollution-sensitive resources in the park since 1984. In 1994, the National Park Service Air Resources Division published a comprehensive review of the status of air quality and air pollution effects in five Class I parks in the Pacific Northwest. This report provides an update on air quality-related research and monitoring that has taken place at North Cascades National Park Complex.

关键词：空气污染；空气质量；北瀑布国家

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The U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) operates the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) and North Las Vegas Facility (NLVF). From 1951 through 1992, the NNSS was the continental testing location for U.S. nuclear weapons. The release of radionuclides from NNSS activities has been monitored since the initiation of atmospheric testing. Limitation to underground detonations after 1962 greatly reduced radiation exposure to the public surrounding the NNSS. After nuclear testing ended in 1992, NNSS radiation monitoring focused on detecting airborne radionuclides from historically contaminated soils. These radionuclides are derived from re-suspension of soil (primarily by wind) and emission of tritium-contaminated soil moisture through evapotranspiration. Low amounts of legacy-related tritium are also emitted to air at the NLVF, an NNSS support complex in North Las Vegas. To protect the public from harmful levels of man-made radiation, the Clean Air Act, National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) (Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 61 Subpart H) (CFR 2010a) limits the release of radioactivity from a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) facility to that which would cause 10 millirem per year (mrem/yr) effective dose equivalent to any member of the public. This limit does not include radiation unrelated to NNSS activities. Unrelated doses could come from naturally occurring radioactive elements, from sources such as medically or commercially used radionuclides, or from sources outside of the United States, such as the damaged Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan in 2011.

关键词：空气污染；有害空气污染物-放射性核素；国家排放标准；2012

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This study was conducted in Bakersfield, CA to investigate the emissions sources and chemistry controlling aerosol production in the southern San Joaquin Valley Air Basin (SJVAB) a region that is current ly out of compliance with ambient air quality standards for ozone and particulate matter. The primary objective was to invest igate the contributions of various sources to organic aerosol (OA) and the formation pathways of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and subsequently provide insights into effective control strategies to reduce air pollution. An in-situ thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TAG) instrument, equipped with a pm2.5 sharp-cut cyclone, was deployed to measure organic species in both gas and particle phases during the California at the Nexus of Air Quality and Climate Change (CalNex) measurement campaign from May 31st through June 27th, 2010. More than 100 compounds were quantified, including alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), branched PAHs, acids, furanones, and oxygenated compounds, which provided a large set of organic species for the investigation of SOA format ion through comparison between modeled and measured gas/part icle partitioning of Known SOA tracers and OA source apportionment through positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis.

关键词：空气污染；有机气溶胶；标记化合物；每小时原位定量

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Organophosphate compounds are used as pesticides and in chemical warfareagents such as nerve agents. VX ((O-ethyl S- 2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl) methylphosphonothioate) is one of the most toxic and environmentally persistent of these nerve agents. This research examined the fate of malathion, a pesticide and surrogate of VX O-ethyl S- 2-(diisopropylamino) (ethyl)(methylphosphonothioate), in bench-scale activated sludge (AS) sequencing batch reactors. Sorption kinetics and sorption equilibrium isotherm experiments indicate that sorption to AS biomass was not a statistically important removal mechanism. However, approximately 90of the initial 4.25 mg L-1 malathion concentration degraded primarily via heterotrophic activity.

关键词：活性污泥法；生物降解；马拉硫磷；有机磷；生物质能

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Revegetation of high elevation decomposed granite cut-slopes often requires repeated applications of soil amendments to attain sustained vegetative cover. Plant transects from slopes west of the Eisenhower Tunnel from 2007 to 2012 showed that cover was generally stable during this period. Soil fertility tests indicated that nutrients are generally low but still comparable to disturbed-but-revegetated reference plots. Soil organic matter and slow-release forms of nitrogen (N) may be a potential limiting factor. The N release rates of several common CDOT soil amendments were evaluated in a multi-year, field incubation experiment. Test results indicate a wide range of N release availability from nearly immediate to fairly slow release rates. Of the slow-release materials, about 74of total N content was released the first growing season, another 7in the following two years, while about 19was still retained in a more stable organic matter form at the end of the experiment. The study suggests that after several applications of slow-release amendments, vegetative cover on these cut-slopes is stabilizing. Implementation - Slopes that show signs of vegetation thinning should be re-amended promptly with modest amounts of slowly available N. Established stands or sites with more moderate growth conditions may be able to take up much of the available N from larger applications of these slow-release amendments. But on newly seeded sites in high elevation conditions with slow growth potential, the plants may not be large enough to capture N as it is released. An amendment with high carbon such as wood chips or shreds may immobilize excess N by incorporating it into microbial biomass as the mulch degrades. This mulch layer would also help retain organic duff to rebuild the soil. Combinations of existing organic amendments may provide slower, more long-lasting N release. Development of a soil test to specifically measure slowly releasing organic N would improve monitoring and management of erosive slopes.

关键词：公路；侵蚀控制；排水；植被；生物质能

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Climate is a master controller of the structure, composition, and function of biotic communities, affecting them both directly, through physiological effects, and indirectly, by mediating biotic interactions and by influencing disturbance regimes. Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks (SEKIs) dramatic elevational changes in biotic communities -- from warm mediterranean to cold alpine -- are but one manifestation of climates overarching importance in shaping SEKIs landscape.

关键词：控制器；红杉和国王峡谷国家公园；自然资源条件评价

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本刊以七大战略性新兴产业——节能环保、新一代信息技术、生物、高端装备制造、新能源、新材料、新能源汽车为研究重点，关注国家高层和各部委的动态，剖析国家和地方的新兴产业政策。本刊设有政策导读、领导讲话、七大战略性新兴产业本周国内外行业动态和重点企业新闻、投资专题四大板块，能够实时监测新兴产业和重点企业动态，把握新兴产业发展方向，研究发展重点，寻求发展机遇。

关键词：节能环保；新一代信息技术；生物；高端装备制造；新能源；新材料；新能源汽车

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本刊以七大战略性新兴产业——节能环保、新一代信息技术、生物、高端装备制造、新能源、新材料、新能源汽车为研究重点，关注国家高层和各部委的动态，剖析国家和地方的新兴产业政策。本刊设有政策导读、领导讲话、七大战略性新兴产业本周国内外行业动态和重点企业新闻、投资专题四大板块，能够实时监测新兴产业和重点企业动态，把握新兴产业发展方向，研究发展重点，寻求发展机遇。

关键词：节能环保；新一代信息技术；生物；高端装备制造；新能源；新材料；新能源汽车

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5月，国家环保出现大幅反弹，前四个月保守的支出数据得到改观。投资方面，环保行业投资增速小幅反弹，其中废弃资源综合利用业投资完成额同比出现大幅反弹；水利、环境和公共设施管理业投资增速虽有下降，但仍保持较好增速。产量方面，环保专用设备产量保持较快增长，环境监测仪器仪表产量回归正增长，数据有较大改观。预计下半年国家环保支出将会反弹，维持往年的国家环保支出预算占比。

关键词：环保；总体形势

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