Alternative fuels have the potential to provide significant economic and environmental benefits to airports and their communities. These fuels can lead to improvements in local air quality emissions and reductions in life-cycle greenhouse gases. In addition, alternative fuels offer the possibility to diversify away from imported conventional petroleum-derived fuels and enhance energy security. Furthermore, alternative fuel distribution programs offer airports additional business opportunities to generate revenue through the operation of such facilities or leasing of land to third-party operators. Airports are natural nodes for multi-modal demand and are ideally situated to become distribution centers for a variety of alternative fuels for aircraft and surface transportation. Producers and marketers of alternative fuels can take advantage of this concentrated demand to strengthen their business case as they can cater to a wide spectrum of potential clients, including airlines, airports, and third-party operators such as rental car facilities, courtesy shuttles, taxis, buses, freight trucks, and other fleets that may operate nearby. This is especially the case for facilities that produce alternative jet fuel because, in addition to jet fuel, they also produce co-products such as green diesel, which can be used by some passenger and most cargo vehicles.

关键词：燃料;选择;空气质量;飞机;企业;柴油燃料;经济分析;排放

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评价了最新发布的TRMM 3B43V7降水数据在赣江流域19个水文站集水区域的精度,然后采用新构建的两参数月水量平衡模型—WBM-DP(Water Balance Model With Double Parameters)模拟了各水文站月径流过程,并与TRMM 3B43V6进行了比较。结果表明:就面雨量而言,在各集水区域,3B43V7相对比较稠密的地面雨量站网观测数据的系统误差幅度在11.0%以内,确定性系数不低于0.86。3B43V7对19个水文站月径流模拟的水量相对误差均值为-8.6%,确定性系数均值为0.84。与3B43V6相比,3B43V7的精度得到进一步提高,对多个水文站月径流的模拟效果改善明显。

关键词：水文学； TRMM 3B43V7；水量平衡模型；月径流过程模拟；赣江流域

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建立了适应于结构网格的复杂边界浅水流动有限体积数学模型。基本控制方程采用对自由水面相对高度在水平向和垂直项进行分裂后形成的守恒性的修正二维浅水方程,在结构网格上采用中心型格式离散基本控制方程,采用能够有效捕捉激波的近似黎曼求解器HLLC计算界面通量,并使用坡度限制器重构界面两侧变量,利用MUSCL-Hancock在时间维上积分,使时空精度提升到二阶;分别采用中心差分格式和全隐式方法处理底坡项和阻力项,保证了模型稳定性。提出了局部修正底高和水位的干湿边界处理方法和基于B样条曲线的复杂边界处理方法,很好地处理了急变水流变化引起的干湿单元网格的动态交替和复杂边界处水流特性正确表达。最后通过算例证明了模型性能较好,具有推广价值。

关键词：水力学；溃坝水流；结构网格；浅水方程；复杂边界

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根据Ead和Rajaratnam对波状床面消力池水跃特性的试验成果,以及笔者得出的波状床面消力池流速分布的研究成果,通过边界层理论研究波状床面消力池边界层的发展、壁面切应力和壁面阻力的变化规律,通过动量方程研究波状床面消力池的共轭水深和水跃长度的计算方法,给出了波状床面壁面切应力、壁面阻力、水跃共轭水深和水跃长度的计算公式,与Ead和Rajaratnam的试验成果进行对比,验证了公式的正确性。研究表明:波状床面消力池的壁面切应力和壁面阻力与壁面粗糙度、跃前断面流速以及水跃长度有关;水跃共轭水深的计算必须考虑壁面阻力的影响;水跃长度是跃后水深和粗糙度的函数。

关键词：水力学；波状床面消力池；边界层理论；壁面阻力；共轭水深；水跃长度

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This report covers the present scenario and the growth prospects of the Global HRSG market for the period 2014-2018. To calculate the market size, the report considers the revenue generated from the global sales of HRSGs. A detailed study of the geographical segmentation is presented in the report, and growth patterns are also provided.

关键词：余热锅炉；抽取；热量；排气系统流；资源效率

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报告从主要发电企业集团动态、电力产业环境、国内电网动态、电力设备行业信息、港台电力行业信息、国际动态等几个方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：电力；集团动态；产业环境；电网动态；行业信息；国际动态

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The bulk transfer of electrical energy from the point of generation to electrical substations is termed as electric transmission. Generally, this transmission occurs at very high voltage levels, in order to minimize losses. High Voltage Transmission Systems are made up of all the major equipment used to carry out the entire task of electric power transmission. They mainly comprise HVAC equipment that includes high-voltage switchgear and circuit breakers, FACTS, HVDC transmission equipment, submarine cables, and some parts of substation automation equipment and monitoring.

关键词：批量传输电能；电气变电站；高电压；减少损失；暖通设备，高压开关设备；断路器

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宽尾墩与台阶溢流坝联合消能在我国水利工程中得到广泛应用。采用有限体积法离散求解,辅以RNG k-ε湍流模型,引入水汽两相流的VOF模型,利用几何重建格式的非恒定流迭代求解生成自由水面,对几何体型采用结构化网格相结合进行处理,从库区到消力池进行了水气两相流的数值模拟。通过模拟其三维流场,得到了整体水流流态、墩后水翅、断面水深等水力特性,重现了抛物线型水气交界面,并将模拟得到水深、消力池底面流速、消力池底板压力与实验数据进行了比较,平均分别误差分别为:#3表孔左边水深7.1%,右边为7.4%;#3表孔底面流速为5%;#1表孔消力池底板压力7.6%,#3表孔消力池底板为6.6%。

关键词：水力学；三维数值模拟；宽尾墩；台阶溢流坝

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本文以桓仁流域为研究背景,进行延长洪水预报预见期的研究。首先基于流域历史雨洪资料,运用数据挖掘的方法挖掘出一套选择单位线的规则,改进了原洪水汇流预报方案;应用统计学方法,对GFS降水数值预报信息进行频率修正释用,提高了GFS降水数值预报信息的精度。然后利用释用后的GFS降水数值预报信息与洪水预报方案耦合,使桓仁流域洪水预报预见期延长了30~72小时。

关键词：水文学；防洪工程；延长洪水预报预见期；数值预报产品释用；选择单位线的规则

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高含沙洪水的演进十分复杂,洪峰流量一般表现为沿程减少,也经常发生沿程增加的情况。本文以黄河下游高含沙洪水为对象,基于守恒形式的高、低含沙统一浑水运动控制方程、特征线理论和变量沿特征线传播的物理本质,分析了含沙量沿程分布、冲淤作用、重力及阻力等关键因素对洪水演进的动力学作用机理和影响特征。研究表明,洪水传播过程中泥沙的存在和含沙量变化增加了洪水传播的不稳定性,由此导致的浑水密度沿程差异、剧烈淤积、重力和阻力调整均是洪峰增值的重要原因。并利用黄河下游实测高含沙洪水过程验证了本文的结论。

关键词：河流动力学；高含沙水流演进；特征线理论；洪峰增值

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