Smart solar is the advancement in the existing solar energy technology system. This technology provides enhanced integration, support, communication, distribution, monitoring, and planning capabilities in the energy delivery systems. The introduction of such enhanced technologies in components and services has led to an increase in demand for smart solar systems.

关键词：智能；太阳能电池；太阳能技术系统；规划能力；能源输送系统

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Subsea production is a type of oil extraction in which wellbores are drilled through the seabed. It is typically carried out for the extraction of petroleum that lies in the rock formation underneath the seabed. The escalating demand for energy and maturity of onshore resources are shifting the momentum toward subsea intervention. Subsea production systems also allow the use of one strategically located platform to service numerous well areas. Hence, it will hold an advantageous position in terms of cost savings when offshore production cost s surge.

关键词：海底开采；井筒；海底钻探；榨油；石油提取

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Smart grid managed services refer to the synchronization of various smart grid software and hardware technologies and their related operational services such as deployment of smart meters and AMIs and integration of renewable energy with smart grids. These smart grid services are offered to various end-users such as power utilities and IPPs. Smart grid technology enables two-way communication between the utilities and their customers. Deployment of smart grid technologies requires a major operational change because it involves the integration of various advanced technologies with smart grids. Some of these technologies are T&D automation, wired and wireless communication, high-voltage transmission lines, demand response solutions, and home energy management applications.

关键词：智能电网；管理服务；智能电网软件；硬件技术；再生能源；智能电网

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关键词：煤炭；动力煤；趋势性

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本报告从能源行业事件分析；竞争环境、竞争对手、行业数据等几个方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：行业事件分析；竞争环境；竞争对手；行业数据

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报告从主要发电企业集团动态、电力产业环境、国内电网动态、电力设备行业信息、港台电力行业信息、国际动态等几个方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：电力；集团动态；产业环境；电网动态；行业信息；国际动态

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关键词：能源总方略；电力和油气；重点

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The Amyris pilot-scale Integrated Biorefinery (IBR) leveraged Amyris synthetic biology and process technology experience to upgrade Amyriss existing Emeryville, California pilot plant and fermentation labs to enable development of US-based production capabilities for renewable diesel fuel and alternative chemical products. These products were derived semi-synthetically from high-impact biomass feedstocks via microbial fermentation to the 15-carbon intermediate farnesene, with subsequent chemical finishing to farnesane. The Amyris IBR team tested and provided methods for production of diesel and alternative chemical products from sweet sorghum, and other high-impact lignocellulosic feedstocks, at pilot scale. This enabled robust techno-economic analysis (TEA), regulatory approvals, and a basis for full-scale manufacturing processes and facility design.

关键词：生物量;生物炼制;化学过程;柴油燃料;饲料;发酵;葡萄糖;制造;石化流程;可再生燃料,降低风险

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Arguments appear almost daily in the media that biofuels will increase our domestic supply of transportation fuel, end our dependence on foreign oil, reduce military vulnerabilities on the battlefield, and improve national security. Biofuels are further touted to reduce fuel price volatility, polluting emissions, and greenhouse gases (GHG), and stimulate the economy. The promise and curse of biofuels is that they are limited by the energy that living organisms harvest from the sun and suffer a fatal 'catch-22': uncultivated biofuel yields are far too small, diffuse, and infrequent to displace any meaningful fraction of U.S. primary energy needs, and boosting yields through cultivation consumes more energy than it adds to the biomass. Furthermore, the harvested biomass requires large amounts of additional energy to convert it into the compact, energy-rich, liquid hydrocarbon form required for compatibility with the nation's fuel infrastructure, transportation sector, and especially the military. The energy content of the final-product biofuel compared to the energy required to produce it proves to be a very poor investment, especially compared to other alternatives. In many cases, there is net loss of energy. The United States cannot achieve energy security through biofuels, and even the attempt is ironically achieving effects contrary to 'clean' and 'green' environmental goals and actively threatening global security. This article focuses on cultivated biomass converted into liquid transportation fuel. The overall approach is an analysis of alternatives comparing three distinct biofuels methodologies with conventional petroleum fuel to assess their relative costs and benefits. The article provides evidence that pursuit of biofuels creates irreversible harm to the environment, increases greenhouse gas emissions, undermines food security, and promotes abuse of human rights. The article concludes with specific recommendations for policy and action.

关键词：生物质转换;成本收益分析;环境影响;乙醇;燃料;石油产品;能量转换

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关键词：能源局；天然气；能源占比

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