技术的发展是从点到面，逐渐复杂。产业的发展也是从单一点突破，最后形成上下游产业链。伴随着技术变复杂和产业链延伸，市场形成稳定的生态结构，外来者想进入就变得更加困难。对于芯片设计来说，EDA 软件、底层架构、合作伙伴与客户、高端技术人才是芯片设计的四大生态壁垒。

国家企业信用信息公示系统显示，国家集成电路产业投资基金二期股份有限公司（大基金二期）已于2019 年10 月22 日正式注册成立，注册资本高达2041.5 亿。本文后续部分将全面回顾大基金一期的投资方向。

国际市场上，台积电为7nm和5nm产能扩张而大幅提高2019 年资本开支，ASML 三季度EUV 订单创历史新高，先进制程对半导体设备行业需求的拉动效果非常显著。而国内市场上，晶圆厂新一轮设备招标已经启动，8 月份开始招投标明显增加，设备龙头企业中标订单也明显增加。大基金二期也已于10月22 日注册成立，注册资本为2,041.5 亿元。继续看好半导体设备板块。

China has a robust industrial infrastructure, and the country garners around 40.5% of revenue from the industrial sector. The country is the largest manufacturing economy and exporter of goods across the world. It is one of the world’s fastest growing consumer markets, and it is also a leading importer of goods. The massive industrial infrastructure and policy-level support for industrial development in India and China makes Asia-Pacific a significant market for industrial batteries across the world. In 2015, the government of China launched “Made in China 2025,” a state-led industrial policy that is aimed to make China dominant in global high-tech manufacturing. The program includes the use of government subsidies, mobilization of state- owned enterprises, and persuasion of intellectual property acquisition to catch up with the western technological prowess and eventually surpass the same. In September 2014, the government of India launched the “Make in India” program, which is aimed at encouraging domestic manufacturing. The program has resulted in robust growth in FDI in the country, which increased from USD 45.15 billion in FY15 to USD 60.97 in FY18. Industrial batteries are source of electrical energy that is generated from electrochemical reactions. The industrial batteries are an important part of uninterrupted power supply (UPS) system, which are widely used for stationary or mobile applications. These batteries are used in the telecom industry, datacenters, forklifts, medical equipment, railroad signaling, and emergency lighting, among others. The various technologies used for industrial batteries include lithium-ion, lead-acid, nickel cadmium, and nickel hydride, among others. • The use of batteries in industrial sector are of paramount importance to ensure that the industrial activities do not come to a standstill when the supply of electricity is lacking. Thus, the batteries in industrial sector are largely used as backup power source.

The lithium-ion battery (LIB) separator is an essential component of lithium-ion batteries. It provides a barrier between the anode and the cathode while allowing the movement of ions from one side to the other, and prevents electrical short circuits.  The efficiency of lithium-ion batteries is greatly affected by the material and structure of the separators. These separators are made up of polyolefins, nonwoven fabric, and ceramic materials, which can be procured easily from petrochemical plants, fiberglass industry, etc.

Outsourced semiconductor assembly and test refers to services offered by third-party vendors. Some of the common offerings of the companies in the market include wa fer p rocessing capability, package redesign, and characterization with thermal analysis and qualification, burn-in, life-testing, and several other techniques.

The global proximity sensors market is predicted to expand at a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.5% during the forecast period (2018–2023) The photoelectric sensor technology segment held the largest market share (31.7%) in 2018 and is predicted to expand at the highest CAGR. The adoption of proximity sensors in the manufacturing sector is expected to be high during the forecast period, owing to the increasing demand for automation of factories. Based on regions, Europe dominated the market with a 34.8% share in 2018