5 月 11 日，国家发展改革委办公厅发布关于深入开展重点用能单位能效诊断的通知。《通知》明确到 2024 年底，各地区建立年综合能耗 1 万吨标准煤及以上重点用能单位节能管理档案，完成 60%以上重点用能单位节能监察，摸清重点用能单位及其主要用能设备能效水平，滚动更新节能降碳改造和用能设备更新项目储备清单。

机械行业 2023 年营收及利润均实现同比两位数提升。机械（申万）行业 2023 年实现营收 1.88 万亿元，同比增长 14.3%，显著好于去年同期的同比微增 1.28%；行业归母净利润 1121 亿元，创近年新高，同比增速达到 22.0%的较好水平。在 2022 年低基数下，重点细分行业收入及盈利能力均有所修复。一方 面，符合产业智造升级方向的工控设备、机器人、仪器仪表、机床工具、激光设备等行业规模继续较快上行；另一方面，工程机械、叉车、工控、消费设备等细分行业龙头继续积极开拓海外市场并成效显著。整体而言，机械行业业绩表现分化持续，在行业整体利润实现较好增长的同时，行业亏损面有所提升， 2023 年行业亏损率提升至 15.2%，环比上年同期提升 2.3pct。

2024Q1 披露业绩预告的 173 家公司景气度为 82.78%，同比回升 10.7%。截至 2024 年 4 月 30 号，万得全 A 的 PB 分位数为 1.32%，整体估值回落，行业之间估值分化程度收敛。六维度行业轮动模型 2024 年 4 月收益率为 3.53%，相对行业等权超额 3.29%；2022 年 2 月以来累计收益 14.12%，累计超额 29.62%，月度胜率 74.07%。5 月综合配置建议：食品饮料、电子元器件、农林牧渔、家电、有色金属。

2023 年能源价格同比回落维持中枢，下半年阶段性冲高，但终端需求持续疲软，基础化工价差底部震荡。2023 年 Brent 现货均价 82.81 美元/桶，同比下滑 18.4%，单季度 Q4 均价 84.49 美元/桶，同环比分别下滑 5.08%、2.8%，原油价格全年维持中枢，下半年阶段性冲高；煤价景气逐步回归中 枢，2023 年市场均价 980.8 元/吨，同比下滑 22%，其中 Q4 煤炭需求旺季下均价环比提升 10.51%至 964.7 元/吨。化工板块 23 年盈利逐步触底，实现营业收入（剔除石油化工及民营炼化，下同）20038 亿元，同比下降 6.3%，实现净利润 1128 亿元，同比下降 46.1%，符合市场预期。其中，23Q4 下游逐步进入淡季，单季度化工板块营业收入 4930 亿元（YoY-5.8%，QoQ-4.9%），油头成本压力缓解，毛利率同环比分别提升 0.3、0.6pct 至 18.2%，但年底费用端拖累严重，导致行业实现净利润 122 亿元（YoY-56.3%，QoQ-61%）。

房地产行业作为化工重要的终端下游，承载着较大的消费体量，本报告旨在追踪地产链上游化工产品月度变化情况，寻找产业链投资机会。

2024.3.13 国务院印发《推动大规模设备更新和消费品以旧换新行动方案》（下简称《行动方案》），高能级政策加速推进。综合考量内生更新意愿和能力、外生政策推力和效果，对应三条投资线索：①设备更新：关注纺服&轻工&通用设备相关上游设备/船舶/商用车/农机/铁路轨交，该线索持续性或最强，短期弹性或有限，优先考虑资金久期；②回收循环利用：关注汽车家电拆解/废钢及再生金属/二手车交易，该线索短期弹性或最大，持续性取决于后续政策进度及力度，优先考虑细分方向拥挤度；③以旧换新：关注汽车/家电/上游化工 MDI 及制冷剂，该线索弹性和持续性适中，优先考虑性价比。

Adhesive is a substance particularly used to bond two surfaces together. Adhesives have strong shear and tensile strength, making them viable bonding materials for high-pressure situations. There are two general types of adhesives i.e. structural and non-structural. Sealants are paste-like substances that block the flow of fluids through a surface, gap or joint by filling all the spaces between two separate substrates. Sealants usually consists of elastomer, which gives them a paste-like consistency. Examples of sealants can be acrylic systems, silicones, and urethane. Adhesives and sealants are applicable for bonding a wide range of materials, including plastics, metals, ceramics, and composites. Adhesives and sealants are highly preferred in packaging, construction, and automotive industry.

Fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), also known as fiber-reinforced polymer, is a composite material that is made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers. The fibers used in FRP are glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid, and basalt fibers. Sometimes other fibers are also used in FRP, such as wood, paper, or, in the past, asbestos was used before its harmful effects were discovered. Generally, the polymer used is vinyl ester, epoxy, or polyester thermosetting plastic.

Dimethyl ether is sourced from different resources such as natural gas, coal, and bio-based products. The expanding research for dimethyl ether as an alternative fuel option will likely create lucrative opportunities for the market during the forecast period. After the easing of lockdowns, the LPG fuel blending industry picked up, and the demand has risen globally. Global countries such as China, India, South Africa, Brazil, and Germany are aggressively shifting to use dimethyl ether as an alternate fuel, as these countries are highly dependent on imports to fulfill their local LPG demand.