Over the past few decades, manufacturing has evolved from a more labor-intensive set of mechanical processes (traditional manufacturing) to a sophisticated set of information-technology-based processes (advanced manufacturing). Given these changes in advanced manufacturing, the National Intelligence Manager for Science and Technology in the Office of the Director of National Intelligence asked the Institute for Defense Analyses to identify emerging global trends in advanced manufacturing and to propose scenarios for advanced manufacturing 10 and 20 years in the future. The study team sought to answer the following questions: What are converging trends in advanced manufacturing across technology areas. What are emerging trends in advanced manufacturing in specific technology areas. What are enabling factors that affect success in creating advanced manufacturing products, processes, and enterprises. What are future scenarios across advanced manufacturing sectors in the technology areas of semiconductors, advanced materials, additive manufacturing, and synthetic biology.

关键词：先进制造技术；制造业；流程

查看摘要 索取原文[249页]

The report presents a set of basic guidelines to promote EMC in the use of electronic control and safety devices in automobiles. The applications and technological developments concerned with current automotive electronics are discussed. The research conducted by the automotive industry to explore the feasibility of a central processor or control system and potential problem areas are reviewed. A section is presented on the automotive electrical environment including a summary of source and coupled waveforms. A large section discusses guidelines for design,installation and testing of electronic control and safety devices in automobiles.

关键词：电子控制；汽车零部件

查看摘要 索取原文[92页]

Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number.

关键词：控制器；传感器；模拟

查看摘要 索取原文[28页]

This chapter deals with hierarchical model predictive control (MPC) of smart grid systems. The design consists of a high-level MPC controller, a second level of so-called aggregators, which reduces the computational and communication-related load on the high-level control, and a lower level of autonomous consumers. The control system is tasked with balancing electric power production and consumption within the smart grid, and makes active use of the flexibility of a large number of power producing and/or power consuming units. The load variations on the grid arise on one hand from varying consumption, and on the other hand from natural variations in power production from e.g. wind turbines. The consumers represent energy-consuming units such as heat pumps, car batteries etc. These units obviously have limits on how much power and energy they can consume at any given time, which impose constraints on the optimisation taking place at the higher levels of the control system. This chapter presents a novel method for computing the aggregated constraints without approximation, yielding better utilisation of the units when the load variations are large. The method is demonstrated through simulation of a smart grid containing consumers with very different characteristics. It is demonstrated how (he novel aggregation method makes it possible for the top level controller to treat all these as one big consumer, significantly simplifying the optimisation.

关键词：智能电网；控制聚合力量

查看摘要 索取原文[20页]

Situational awareness (SA) is recognized as a key functionality in smart grids. With the large scale deployment of synchronized phasor measurements in the United States and worldwide, wide-area situational awareness is greatly improved due to the high sampling speed, new granularity of phasor values, and time synchronization. Synchronized measurements enhance the monitoring of overall bulk power system dynamic behavior; providing critical information for understanding and responding to power system disturbances. In this chapter, an overview of successful synchrophasor applications to enhance situational awareness is discussed. Topics include event triggering, event size estimation, event location, oscillation detection and modal analysis for disturbances impacting the bulk power system. Real-time wide-area frequency and phase angle visualization will also be discussed. Several examples of wide area situational awareness in the North American power grid are given. Future challenges and trends are discussed.

关键词：智能电网；同步相量测量

查看摘要 索取原文[27页]

The main objective of the study is to vaccinate patients with metastatic breast cancer with a viable dendritic cell (DC)/breast cancer fusions in conjuction with IL-12 to induce an immunological response with the hope that this combination would further enhance vaccine response by promoting Th1 cytokine induction and T cell activation. In this approach, the entire repertoire of tumor antigens, including those yet to be identified, are expressed with the immune-stimulating machinery of the DCs. The fusion cell vaccine allows for induction of helper T and CTL responses by class II presentation of exogenous protein and class I presentation of newly synthesized endogenous protein. Several of our clinical studies have demonstrated that vaccination with fusion cells was well tolerated, induced immunologic responses in a majority of patients, and results in disease regression in subset of patients. This brief report details the characterization of tumor cells and dendritic cells generated from patient BV01 with metastatic breast cancer following isolation from pleural effusions and leukapheresis, respectively.

关键词：疫苗；乳腺癌；树突状细胞

查看摘要 索取原文[6页]

The RF directional sensor based on phase-sensitive detection using two sorts of Josephson parametric amplifiers has been analyzed and investigated experimentally. To construct the Josephson parametric amplifier, we use a SQUID (either single-cell SQUID or two-cell SQUID) embedded in a superconducting coplanar waveguide. We operated the circuit at a frequency of several GHz and measured the amplitude response of the SQUID-based Josephson parametric amplifier. Nonlinearity and flux tunability in the reported experiments was limited by relatively large critical current density and therefore small nonlinear inductance of the SQUID. The demonstrated phase sensitivity was 1.2 dB / rad. It appears feasible to improve the sensitivity of developed RF sensor by reducing the critical current of the Josephson junctions.

关键词：传感器；超导体；电路；探测器；德国；约瑟夫森结；参量放大器；物理学；射频；灵敏度；波导；外电报道；鱿鱼（超导量子干涉器件）

查看摘要 索取原文[21页]

This meeting of the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee (VRBPAC) is being held to discuss the use of cell lines derived from human tumors as substrates for the production of preventive viral vaccines. Over the last decade, it has become clear that the current repertoire of cell substrates is inadequate to manufacture the next generation of viral vaccines (i.e., certain viruses cannot be propagated or grow poorly in the available cell lines). Therefore, manufacturers have submitted additional cell lines to the FDA for consideration for use in the production of viral vaccines. All of the new mammalian cell lines being considered are immortal, having been transformed by various oncogenes or are spontaneously immortalized, and some are derived from human tumors. Over the last 15 years, when new types of cell substrates have been proposed, starting in 1998, CBER has presented its review approach to the Advisory Committee to address the issues raised first by the use of immortalized mammalian cell lines and then tumorigenic cell lines. The purpose of those discussions with the Advisory Committee was to obtain their input and to make public a discussion of the issues. This current VRBPAC meeting is a continuation of this process.

关键词：疫苗；人类肿瘤；FDA简报

查看摘要 索取原文[30页]

This report documents the idea or concept of operating an existing Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI) Micro-ElectroMechanical Systems (MEMS) gyroscopic sensor previously developed in the early-2000s under MEMS-Based Angular Rate Sensor (MBARS) and MicroControlled Array Sensors (mCAS). This report serves as documented evidence for future use of this open-sourced idea of the measurement of two-axis of linear acceleration from a previous sensor originally designed to operate as a single-axis rotation sensor.

关键词：传感器；陀螺；加速度计；探测器；微机电系统；旋转；绝缘体上硅

查看摘要 索取原文[22页]

The Tulane/Xavier Biodefense Vaccine Development/Engineering project will develop new vaccines against biological threat agents to aid the war- fighter. Through the innovative use of nanotechnology, researchers and engineers from the Tulane University Schools of Medicine and Science & Engineering and the Xavier College of Pharmacy will fabricate nanoparticulate systems that are effective for transdermal and mucosal delivery of life-saving vaccines. One aim of this project will be to compare different nanocarriers (i.e., nanohydrogels, star copolymers, and spray-dried PLGA nanoparticles) for the ability to incorporate biological threat-relevant vaccine antigens and deliver those antigens through the stratum corneum to immuneresponsive cells in the epidermis. The specialized assembly of each type of nanocarrier gives each unique properties and different interactions within the lipid channels of the stratum corneum. The use of nanocarriers for vaccine delivery is a platform technology, applicable to delivery of a variety of existing and potential vaccines.

关键词：疫苗；抗原；纳米技术

查看摘要 索取原文[8页]