2022 年5 月31 日，工信部出台《关于开展2022 新能源汽车下乡活动的通知》，在部分中西部省份三四线城市以及县区举办巡演的宣传活动，鼓励企业积极参与线上线下促销，鼓励地方政府积极出台刺激补贴政策加大活动优惠力度，通过适当的舆论引导进一步助力新能源汽车在三四线城市的市场接受度。此外，财政部出台《关于减征部分乘用车车辆购置税的公告》，指出对购置日期在2022 年6 月1 日至2022年12 月31 日期间内且单车价格（不含增值税）不超过30 万元的2.0 升及以下排量乘用车，减半征收车辆购置税。

2022 年前半期半导体产业下游需求保持结构性增长，新能源汽车、工控、中高端IOT 领域及电源管理芯片、MCU 等产品的供需失衡延续，带动半导体产业链内相关企业业绩上行。中长期，地缘政治冲突或加快科技产业的逆全球化进程，国产化替代进程提速利好国内半导体企业。需求端，5G 手机、折叠手机、新能源汽车、物联网设备、企业数字化转型等下游市场方兴未艾，为半导体产业带来新的增量、机遇与竞争，半导体制造、设计龙头及车规半导体龙头企业将持续受益。建议持续关注半导体行业，维持行业增持评级。

Transmission is a component inside the vehicle, which is installed to transfer mechanical power from the engine for spinning the wheels. Electric vehicles are generally installed with single-speed transmission. However, leading players in the electric vehicle (EV) transmission market are launching new multi speed transmission with added features for high performance and efficient energy conversion. Electric vehicles with multi-speed transmission offer better performance than single-speed transmission systems in terms of faster acceleration, top speed, gradeability with driving range, and others.

Though not officially recognised by SAE under SAE levels of autonomous driving, L2+ is a new level of autonomy, adopted by the automotive industry, which bridges the capability and requirements gap between Level 2 and Level 3 automated driving. Over the next few years, L2+ is expected to enjoy a larger market share than L2 and L3 have. The higher adoption of L2+ will provide a larger number of consumers, with access to and acceptance of automated driving systems.

过去两年，汽车零部件以及整车毛利率皆受原材料涨价负面影响， 且毛利率的下降几乎都是由材料价格上涨而带来。反过来，利润率的恢复又有 可观弹性——无论零部件向下游转移压力，还是原材料价格回落，这带来了当 前零部件板块PE 处于历史中枢而PB 位于历史底部的局面。我们建议在这样 的历史底部，在3Q22 行业基本面回升之前，积极布局有全球竞争力的中国汽 车零部件公司，包括具备较强估值弹性的拓普集团、上声电子，以及当前估值 较低、有较大重新定价空间的立中集团、爱柯迪、常熟汽饰、豪能股份、银轮 股份等，建议关注中鼎股份；其中立中与爱柯迪等公司有望从2Q 开始将受益 于原材料价格变化与议价协议生效。

VR in cars is still a niche use case. Frost & Sullivan expects that premium vehicles and luxury brands with advanced GPUs and high-compute capabilities will be the first ones to launch in-vehicle VR applications. Manufacturing units and dealer showrooms will continue to use VR to improve the user experience.

Ultrasonic technologies used in a vehicle helps to determine the obstacles or the blind spots which falls beyond the eyesight of the vehicle. With the introduction of smart parking infrastructure followed by introduction of numerous ADAS features in new vehicles, the demand for ultrasonic technologies across the vehicle has increased which provides lucrative opportunities for the growth of the market. Companies such as Aisin Corporation, Continental AG, Hyundai Mobis, Magna International Inc., Valeo SA and others, have been developing different ultrasonic sensors for use in vehicles, which leads to the growth of the global market.

2021年港股汽车板块业绩综述：中游因三座大山承压，下游受益于供求改善 零部件承压巨大：受累于上游原材料成本上涨及海运价格上涨的直接成本影响， 同时承受下游车企由于芯片短缺削减产量/生产不连续带来的产能利用率下降，敏 实集团/耐世特/福耀玻璃/信邦控股毛利率分别下降1.6pct/2.7pct/3.4pct/5.4pct。 整车表现分化：新能源传统车企表现分化，传统车企盈利能力受到原材料成本及 芯片短缺负面影响，新能源车企享受规模效益提升带来的盈利能力大幅改善。 经销商业绩大幅增长：受益供给紧张库存周转加快，下游较强需求带来售价提升， 毛利率与净利率大幅提升，中升控股/永达汽车/美东汽车/和谐汽车/广汇宝信/百得 利控股归母净利润分别增长50.35%/52.63%/55.30%/63.90%/161.09%/94.07%。

Electric vehicles (EVs) registered a penetration of 4.2% in 2020, with a YoY growth of 40%, driven by reduced sale of conventional vehicles and faster recovery in the EV market. With a market share of 42.5%, Europe emerged as an EV market leader for the first time ever, overtaking China.