Environmental concerns have led to numerous regulations that have dramatically decreased the reported production and use of mercury in the United States since the 1980s. Government legislation and subsequent industry actions have led to increased collection of mercury-containing materials and the recovery of mercury through recycling. Mercury emissions have been reduced and effective alternatives to mercury products have been developed for many applications. This study updates and quantifies the changes in demand, supply, use, and material flow for mercury in various sectors in the United States that have taken place since 1996.

关键词：大气；废气转化；环境保护

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Anthropogenic sources of air pollution emissions include a number of sectors and activities e.g., fossil fuel and biofuel combustion in industrial and residential areas, transportation (road, rail, air and ships), waste disposal, industrial processes, agricultural activities, solvent production and usage. Emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), such as Carbon dioxide (CO_2), methane (CH_4) and nitrous oxide (N_2O) are a major concern from climate change perspective. This because they obstruct the escape of infrared (heat) energy to outer space by absorbing them and leading to increase in earth's temperature along with other climatic changes (Bond et al. 2004). Anthropogenic activities annually attribute to an estimated 3%, 64%, and 24% of global emissions of CO_2, CH4 and N_2O, respectively (Duxbury 1994). Megacities contribute a major portion in these global emissions. As reported by Butler et al. (2008) megacities account for approximately between 9% and 12% of the global emissions of CO, NO_X, and NMVOC.

关键词：大气；温室气体；环境保护

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There are large amount of ammonia in coking wastewater.It is a good recycling desulfurizer.Sintering flue gas has the characteristics,such as large amount of,low SO2 concentration,great changes of operation load.Treating sintering flue gas with coking wastewater can attain the destination of treating waste with waste.This paper adopts a spray tower countercurrent device,and SO2 concentration in the entrance and exit flue gas is on line detected by an automatic flue gas detection instrument.The paper studies on the change rule of SO2 concentration in the process of treating sintering flue gas using coking wastewater,and the influence of SO2 initial concentration in sintering flue gas to the desuifurization rate.The results show that after being treated the sintering flue gas can reach the emission standard for air pollutants of iron and steel industry.

关键词：大气；焦化废水；大气污染

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Energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in 2012 were the lowest in the United States since 1994, at 5.3 billion metric tons of CO2 (see figure above). With the exception of 2010, emissions have declined every year since 2007.

关键词：大气；温室气体；环境保护

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This paper is a deliverable on a technical support task for the FHWA Office of Operations. The objective of the task is to develop white papers on emerging and current topics of interest to the Office. Topics for white papers were primarily identified and prioritized based on internal listening sessions with Office of Operations personnel. This white paper presents various effects of climate change, and how those effects will impact transportation system management and operations. Also presented are presents various options for agencies to assess the vulnerabilities of transportation systems and proposed changes to make transportation operations more resilient to climate change.

关键词：大气；气候变化；空气治理

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A greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory is a systematic approach to account for the production and release of certain gases generated by an institution from various emission sources. The gases of interest are those that climate science has identified as related to anthropogenic global climate change. This document presents an inventory of GHGs generated during Fiscal Year (FY) 2012 by Idaho National Laboratory (INL), a Department of Energy (DOE)-sponsored entity, located in southeastern Idaho. In recent years, concern has grown about the environmental impact of GHGs. This, together with a desire to decrease harmful environmental impacts, would be enough to encourage the calculation of an inventory of the total GHGs generated at INL. Additionally, INL has a desire to see how its emissions compare with similar institutions, including other DOE national laboratories. Executive Order 13514 requires that federal agencies and institutions document reductions in GHG emissions.

关键词：大气；温室气体；全球变暖

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On April 15, 2011, NIOSH received an employee request regarding headaches, fatigue, weakness, fever, chills, flu-like symptoms, shortness of breath, coughing, chronic sinusitis, sore throat, burning eyes, and difficulty concentrating in a water-damaged building. In June 2011, NIOSH investigators conducted a site visit. The majority of employees reported building-related symptoms. We found evidence of water damage inside the building and mold inside supply air ducts of two air handlers. Vacuumed carpet dust samples collected during the site visit showed a high burden of culturable fungi and bacteria. We provided a number of recommendations for remediation including addressing causes of water damage and replacing contaminated carpet and ductwork. Building management replaced two rooftop air handling units and some ductwork. The carpet was steam cleaned. Some building occupants continued to have symptoms, and the accounting company relocated to another building.

关键词：大气；室内空气；空气质量

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A miniature sensor probe, composed of four sensors which monitor the partial pressure of O2, CO2, H2O, and temperature, designed to operate in the portable life support system (PLSS), has been demonstrated. 

关键词：大气；气体探测；环境保护

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The welding process results in the formation of high concentrations of nano-sized particles loaded with toxic metals such as hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), nickel (Ni), and manganese (Mn). Welding fumes pose serious health risks to welders because fumes can cause respiratory and neurological ailments as well as cancer. Tightened occupational standards require an exposure reduction of at least 90% that is not satisfied by current control technologies. There is also potential public concern about the environmental risks associated with the release of welding fumes into ambient air.The overall objective of this demonstration was to develop an innovative silica precursor technology that can limit the oxidation of chromium by quenching oxygen species and coating metal particles in welding fumes with a thin, amorphous silica layer. An additional objective was to assess the benefit of increased particle size distribution. The demonstration verified the feasibility and practicality of implementing silica precursor technology into DOD welding operations.Silica precursor technology was demonstrated to be an effective means of controlling metal emissions in welding fumes. The two-fold approach of limiting oxidation potential and coating metal particles with an amorphous silica layer goes beyond previous control technologies by addressing all the toxic metals,regardless of their oxidation state. This project demonstrated, through both a laboratory study and field tests, the benefits of adding silica precursor during the welding process.

关键词：大气；硅添加剂；有害空气

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This is the final report for the closure of the research tasks on the project that have performed during the entire reporting period in the University of Illinois. It contains a summary of the achievements and details of key results as well as the future plan for this project to be continued in the University of Maryland.

关键词：大气；空气质量；天气预报

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