This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) demonstrates the flood modeling capabilities of the AutoRoute model. The AutoRoute model has been developed to support the Military Hydrology Program at the Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL) as part of their mission to determine route vulnerability caused by flooding over large land areas. Through several tests the AutoRoute model showed that it quickly and effectively simulates the flood extent of high flow volumes where adequate Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data is available. The Military Hydrology Program at CHL fields numerous requests for information (RFI) from the military regarding route vulnerability caused by hydrologic factors, such as flooding. Currently, completing these route vulnerability studies includes the use of the AutoRoute model developed by CHL personnel in 2011. The model is computationally efficient and versatile, allowing for large sections of routes to be analyzed in a timely fashion. The model results can also link to existing mobility models to determine the risk that flooding has on the mobility of vehicles. The AutoRoute model is a one-dimensional, raster-based program developed to determine flood extent and stream cross sections efficiently over large areas. The model uses a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and a computed stream mask to determine the location and cross section of each stream cell within the domain. As in most modeling cases, the finer the resolution of the DEM data, the more accurate and defined the results will be. The goal of AutoRoute is to compute the inundated area and spatially explicit depth of inundation for a given flow value. For a given flow Q we wish to derive the flood depth h, flood extent, cross-section profile, cross-section area A, and average flow velocity (V = Q/A). Unlike typical flood models, the AutoRoute model neglects the flow in highly detailed channels.

关键词：计算机程序；洪水；横截面；液压系统

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This report describes research on noncognitive measures for screening Army recruiters with potential application to other Noncommissioned Officer (NCO) assignments. One limitation has been that previously validated instruments for this purpose required proctored testing. To make it easier for Soldiers to be tested, reduce costs, and build upon previous work, ARI was requested to assist with the following: (1) developing a computerized, noncognitive measure suitable for unproctored administration; and (2) validating this instrument against measures of recruiter performance. This new instrument is called the Noncommissioned Officer Special Assignment Battery (NSAB). The NSAB is a computer-adaptive, forced-choice assessment that incorporates recent advances in noncognitive measurement that have been shown to be highly faking resistant and suitable for high-stakes testing environments. The NSAB has 18 scales. Results from a sample of 1,032 experienced Army recruiters indicated that Soldiers with high NSAB composite scores reported the following: (1) lower job stress, and (2) higher satisfaction with recruiting duty. These high-scoring recruiters also were rated by their peers and supervisors as performing better than recruiters with lower NSAB composite scores. These findings indicate that the NSAB can help to identify Soldiers with high potential for recruiting duty success, and it also has the potential for screening in other NCO assignments.

关键词：电池；特殊电池；电池性能

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This report describes the redesign and demonstration of an experiment, developed by the Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center (NSRDEC), to measure the response of energy absorbing materials behind a buffer material, loaded with the shockwave and dynamic pressure pulse in a shock tube. This test has application in the development of body armor for blast attenuation and impact attenuation. Foam materials are rapidly compressed between the striker (buffer) and fixed test plate at dynamic strain rates reaching peak levels between 500-1000/s. Foam stress is calculated by measuring the reaction force of the material with a dynamic load cell. Foam compression is measured through high speed video image analysis. With the current experimental set-up, the material test results are very similar to those obtained with a drop weight impact test.

关键词：激波管；减震器（材料）；吸收；衰减；爆炸

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THOR is a radiation transport code that solves the steady-state, multigroup, discrete ordinates approximation of the linear Boltzmann equation in three-dimensional geometry on unstructured tetrahedral cells. The spatial approximation implemented in THOR is the Arbitrarily High Order Transport method of the Characteristic type, AHOTC, extended to Unstructured Grids, AHOTC-UG. The tasks of this project were designed to raise the production level of THOR by supplementing its capabilities then conducting a comprehensive Verification and Validation (V&V) exercise based on Idaho National Laboratory's (INL) Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) configuration and measured data. The primary development work on the code commenced with a study of numerical stability of the underlying equations in the optically-thin cell limit that revealed the cause for the structural instability observed in earlier results. Basically the recursive algorithm used in evaluating the flux spatial moments in terms of lower-order moments accumulated the error to unacceptable magnitude for higher orders. This deficiency was addressed by reformulating the equations and subsequent solution algorithm into a non-recursive form that was found to be numerically stable with increasing spatial expansion order. Additionally we examined the numerical stability of the spatial weights associated with AHOTC-UG and constructed asymptotic expansions that are resilient in the optically thin and thick cell regimes. Many improvements intended to enhance THORs robustness and computational efficiency were implemented, including a cycle-breaking algorithm that may be necessary in some complex automatically-generated unstructured grids.

关键词：四面体；辐射传输；算法；ATR反应器；玻耳兹曼方程

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This webinar presentation to the UK Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association summarizes how the U.S. Department of Energy is enabling early fuel cell markets; describes objectives of the National Fuel Cell Technology Evaluation Center; and presents performance status of fuel cell material handling equipment.

关键词：燃料电池；市场；原料处理；绩效评估

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This project was designed to address the Solar Energy Technology Program objective, to develop new methods to integrate photovoltaic (PV) cells or modules within a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) application that will result in lower installed cost as well as higher efficiencies of the encapsulated/embedded PV module. The technology assessment and development focused on the evaluation and identification of manufacturing technologies and equipment capable of producing such low-cost, high-efficiency, flexible BIPV solar cells on single-ply roofing membranes.

关键词：太阳能电池；膜；建筑；建材

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are being developed and sold commercially for multiple near term markets. Ballard Power Systems is focused on the near term markets of backup power, distributed generation, materials handling, and buses. Significant advances have been made in cost and durability of fuel cell products. Improved tolerance to a wide range of system operation and environmental noises will enable increased viability across a broad range of applications. In order to apply the most effective membrane electrode assembly (MEA) design for each market, the system requirements and associated MEA failures must be well understood. The failure modes associated with the electrodes and membrane degradation are discussed with respect to associated system operation and mitigating approaches. A few key system considerations that influence MEA design include expected fuel quality, balance-of-plant materials, time under idle or open circuit operation, and start-up and shut-down conditions.

关键词：燃料电池；膜；电极；耐用性

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Evaluate Si layers based on heteroepitaxial Si growth on RABITS textured metal substrates coated with textured buffer layers..

关键词：硅太阳能电池区；异质外延；图层；金属

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Materials capable of responding to external stimuli including pH, temperature, magnetic and electric field, undergoing conformational changes are considered to be one of the most exciting and emerging classes of advanced materials receiving considerable scientific interest especially in the biomedical field. Stimuli-responsive polymers in the form of micro- or nanofibers have received great attention during the last 10 years and have been exploited in a diverse range of biomedical applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, bioseparation and biosensing. One of the most popular and versatile fiber fabrication methods used for the production of fibers is electrospinning. Its simplicity, cost-effectiveness and applicability not only to pristine synthetic and natural polymers but also to composites, enables the development of polymer-based fibrous nanocomposites via the combination of polymers with inorganic nanofillers. Among such nanoadditives, magnetic nanoparticles capable of interacting with an externally applied magnetic field, are particularly attractive owing to their potential biomedical applications including magnetically-triggered drug delivery, magnetic cell seeding, magnetic bioseparation, hypothermia cancer treatment and contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging. In this chapter, an introductory section on electrospinning and on different parameters influencing this process is initially provided. The different fabrication routes for generating electrospun magnetoactive polymer-based (nano)fibrous materials are briefly discussed and finally the applicability of these materials in the biomedical field including tissue engineering, drug delivery, hypethermia treatment and biosensing is reviewed.

关键词：电池材料；磁极活性；纳米材料

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Photonic structures can exhibit significant absorption enhancement when an object s length scale is comparable to or smaller than the wavelength of light. This property has enabled photonic structures to be an integral component in many applications such as solar cells, light emitting diodes, and photothermal therapy. To characterize this enhancement at the single particulate level, conventional methods have consisted of indirect or qualitative approaches which are often limited to certain sample types. To overcome these limitations, we used a bilayer cantilever to directly and quantitatively measure the spectral absorption efficiency of a single silicon microwire in the visible wavelength range. We demonstrate an absorption enhancement on a per unit volume basis compared to a thin film, which shows good agreement with Mie theory calculations. This approach offers a quantitative approach for broadband absorption measurements on a wide range of photonic structures of different geometric and material compositions.

关键词：吸收光谱；光热性质；定量分析；宽带

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