Wind turbine generators (WTGs) consist of many different components to convert kinetic energy of the wind into electrical energy for end users. Wind energy is accessed to provide mechanical torque for driving the shaft of the electrical generator.

关键词：风力涡轮机；发电机；空气动力学；机电；混合动力系统

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Oshkosh Corporation (OSK) is taking an aggressive approach to implementing advanced technologies, including hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) technology, throughout their commercial and military product lines. These technologies have important implications for OSK's commercial and military customers, including fleet fuel efficiency, quiet operational modes, additional on-board electric capabilities, and lower thermal signature operation. However, technical challenges exist with selecting the optimal HEV components and design to work within the performance and packaging constraints of specific vehicle applications. OSK desires to use unique expertise developed at the Department of Energy's (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), including HEV modeling and simulation. These tools will be used to overcome technical hurdles to implementing advanced heavy vehicle technology that meet performance requirements while improving fuel efficiency.

关键词：混合动力电动车;计算机辅助设计;汽车工程;燃油效率

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This report focuses on the light-duty vehicle sector in the United States and restricts its discussion of electric vehicles to plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs), which include battery electric vehicles (BEVs)1 and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The common feature of these vehicles is that their batteries are charged by being plugged into the electric grid. BEVs differ from PHEVs because they operate solely on electricity stored in a battery (that is, there is no other power source); PHEVs have internal combustion engines that can supplement the electric power train. The electric vehicle offers many promisesincreasing U.S. energy security by reducing petroleum dependence, contributing to climate-change initiatives by decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, stimulating long-term economic growth through the development of new technologies and industries, and improving public health by improving local air quality. There are, however, substantial technical, social, and economic barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles, including vehicle cost, small driving range, long charging times, and the need for a charging infrastructure. In addition, people are unfamiliar with electric vehicles, are uncertain about their costs and benefits, and have diverse needs that current electric vehicles might not meet. Although a person might derive some personal benefits from ownership, the costs of achieving the social benefits, such as reduced GHG emissions, are borne largely by the people who purchase the vehicles. Given the recognized barriers to electric-vehicle adoption, Congress asked the Department of Energy (DOE) to commission a study by the National Academies to address market barriers that are slowing the purchase of electric vehicles and hindering the deployment of supporting infrastructure.

关键词：电动车；排放；插电式电动车；温室效应气体

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报告从竞争环境、市场环境、政策环境、分类环境、区域环境等几个方面进行了分析及评论。

关键词：竞争环境；市场环境；政策环境；分类环境；区域环境

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本文分别从2013-2014年中国汽车产业概况、产业市场预测等几个方面进行了分析。

关键词：汽车；产业概况；市场预测

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本文分别从2013-2014年车载导航市场发展概况、规模与增长、基本特点、竞争分析等进行了分析。

关键词：车载导航；发展概况；规模与增长；基本特点；竞争分析

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A hybrid electric vehicle combines two energy sources, one of which is mechanical (ICE) and the other electrical. The size of the gasoline engine in a hybrid electric vehicle is smaller than that in a traditional vehicle. The combination of the two power sources helps to achieve better fuel economy and performance. Hybrid electric vehicles use efficient technologies such as regenerative braking that charges the battery by converting kinetic energy into electric energy. Many hybrid electric vehicles have start-stop systems that shut down the ICE when idle and restart it when needed, thereby reducing idle emissions.

关键词：混合电动车辆；能量源；机械的（ICE）；汽油发动机；经济性；性能

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Automotive diagnostic scan tools are used to diagnose errors that occur in vehicle control modules. These tools are used in advanced workshops and help mechanics diagnose faults in vehicle control modules and repair them in less time, without any errors. A scan tool allows the mechanic to read faulty codes in a vehicle's OBD system.

关键词：汽车诊断；扫描工具；诊断；车辆；控制误差；诊断故障

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An automotive suspension system is an assembly of springs, shock absorbers, and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels.

关键词：汽车悬架系统；弹簧；减震器；帮助；驾驶员；保持控制权

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Friction products are used to stop or control the motion of a solid object by applying force on it.

关键词：摩擦产品；停止；施加；湿式摩擦材料；干摩擦材料

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