PLC is the primary computing system, which controls automated machines. The system also helps in detecting any errors or flaws and alerts the technician. PLC systems are also preferred over traditional systems, like relays and switch boxes, due to their compact sizes. Another advantage of PLCs is their multi-functionality (owing to their programmable nature that can be used for multiple operations depending on the application). Machine downtime is one of the major factors that has an impact on the manufacturing efficiency of an industry. It is estimated that downtime is responsible for 5-20% of the manufacturing losses incurred during operation. The deployment of PLC systems enables the identification and rectification of errors, and can initiate rapid responses even without human intervention. Hence, these automated PLC systems are estimated to assist in reducing the machine downtime from 20% to almost 4%. The market studied is strongly impacted by the industrial output and the investment funneled into the computers and software. These PLC systems have traditionally been the foundation of both process and discrete factory automation. The growing adoption of Industry 4.0 across the industrial verticals has augmented the market studied.

Smart sports equipment are those sport equipment that are infused with sensors that track, monitor, and analyze athletes performance. These smart sports equipment also advice on technique improvements as well as help compare their performance with other players. The global smart sports equipment market is analyzed based on its prospects and future growth rate. The report highlights numerous factors that influence the growth of the smart sports equipment market. These include market forecast, drivers, restraints, opportunities, and role of different key players operating in the market. The report is analyzed for smart sports equipment by product type such as smart balls, smart golf sticks, smart hockey sticks, smart rackets & bats, and others. In addition, it focuses on the end user segment that includes men and women. Moreover, it focuses on the distribution channel including specialty stores, franchise stores and online stores. Furthermore, it includes revenue generated from the sales of smart sports equipment across North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA.

《2018 －2019 年中国工业控制市场研究度报告》的对象主要是指工业控制相关市场。工业控制是使用计算机技术、微电子气手段等，使工业生产和制造过程更加自动化效率精确的一种基础，主要目的是解决生产中可靠性、一致性、可控性及可视性等问题，最终实现生产自动化程度的提升及节能减排等效果。

A variable frequency drive (VFD) is a motor controller that drives an electric motor by varying the frequency and voltage of its power supply. The VFD also has the ability to control ramp-up and ramp- down of the motor during start or stop, respectively. Even though the drive controls the voltage and frequency of power supplied to the motor, it is often referred to as speed control, since the result is an adjustment of the motor speed. Additionally, the advanced and modern drives integrate the networking and diagnostic capabilities into better performance and increased productivity. Intelligent motor control, energy savings, and reduction of peak-current drawn are some of the major reasons to choose a VFD as the controller in every motor- driven system. Increased investments from several global VFD vendors (especially in R&D) have allowed them to further the technology and prompt the growth of the variable frequency drives market. The investment in the Asia-Pacific region has been higher, owing to the opportunities arising from relatively higher infrastructure and economic development in the region.

Multilayer ceramic capacitors were first developed in the 1970s and 1980s, but their widespread adoption was possible in the last decade with the development of new dielectric materials and fabrication methods. The MLCC (Multilayer ceramic capacitors) possess unique characteristics like flexibility in size or shape, low cost, ability to withstand high voltages and are considered to most reliable. However, the most crucial characteristic that resulted in their widespread adoption was their ability to pack multiple components into a single package. Each MLCC has hundreds of layers and each layer acts as a separate component. This eliminated the use of additional components in the circuitry. MLCC were at the center of all the technological innovations that happened in the last decade, and they can be considered to be one of the en ablers of new innovations in consumer el ectronics, telecommunications, and energy storage.

The concept of liquid immersion cooling has been familiar in the global IT infrastructure market for a long time now. High-performance computing (HPC) operators, such as Intel, have been experimenting and using the technology since 2012. However, the recent surge in data center construction activity, majorly targeted to serve high traffic zones with minimum latency, has forced data center operators to expand beyond a suitable environment into complex urban facilities. This increases the demand for server cooling technology, which is expected to witness the environmental and space constraints posed by traditional air cooling and liquid cooling practices. The increasing need for solutions that could reduce the physical footprint the data center and accommodate high density operations at the same time has bolstered the demand for immersion cooling.

2019 年12 月，工业生产增速回升，工程机械主要产品产量增速趋于稳定；八大产品总销量大幅增长，市场需求旺盛；1～11 月，进口持续下降，降幅有所收窄；出口总体趋稳；行业利润总额增长25.56%，营业收入增长12.57%

高端装备制造业绩效保持增长，1～12 月，营业收入同比增长4.5%，利润总额同比增长11.9%。同期，高端装备相关行业投资继续下降，铁路、船舶、航空航天和其他运输设备制造业投资同比下降2.5%。智能制造方面，12 月，工业机器人产量同比增长15.3%，延续上月增长态势。

为了更好预测价格走势，探究成本下降空间，我们将燃料电池车的总拥有成本分为维修成本、组装成本、

燃料成本和基础设施成本、动力系统成本、非动力系统成本。

通过利用TCO模型分别对乘用车、卡车、公交车这三大类车型进行分析和比较，得出燃料电池汽车在大

规模、远距离应用场景下更有优势，适合进行长途运输。同时随着燃料电池汽车产业规模的扩大，其成

本会迎来显著的下降空间。

在终端需求带动下，2018 年全球动力电池装机量继续保持强劲增长态势，中国继续成为全球最大的动力电池市场。新技术、新体系电池推广应用较为缓慢，三元电池、磷酸铁锂电池依然是市场首要选择。未来中国动力电池市场将继续保持高速增长，但受政策调整、市场开放等因素影响，中国国内市场竞争进一步加剧，动力电池盈利能力显著下降，动力电池产业进入高质量发展阶段。赛迪顾问认为，动力电池及新能源汽车产业利润率降低将成为常态，未来将会逐渐接近制造业普通水平。面对激烈市场竞争，国内动力电池企业应加快新技术开发应用，提升自身生产制造水平，以增强自身核心竞争力，同时布局新体系电池，为未来5-10 年企业发展做好准备。