关键词：工作流程;科学数据;分布式数据处理;生物医学

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Since the 1980s, the power industry in China has experienced many system reforms. However, no matter how it is evolved, energy conservation and the improvement of end-use power consumption efficiency have never been interrupted. The energy departments, hydraulic and electric engineering departments, power industry departments and the State Economic and Trade Commission which have government functions, the national electricity corporation and power grid enterprises (State Grid Corporation of China and China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd., etc.) which does not have government functions, as the subjects of social power saving, scientific power consumption, rational power consumption, and demand-side management (DSM) implementation, play important roles in promoting the improvement of overall social power consumption efficiency and the development of DSM work.

关键词：电力；电气工程；需求侧管理；能耗效率

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Demand-side management (DSM) work which is a kind of system engineering is involved with not only many participators like governments, power grid enterprises, power generation enterprises, energy conservation service companies, power users, and others but also many links like the DSM project planning, establishment, design, implementation, post evaluation, etc. Different participators have respective objects and interests; the specialization of every link is comparatively strong and knowledge about multiple aspects such as electric power system, technical economy, environmental protection, law, etc.

关键词：需求侧管理；系统工程；电力系统；节能

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3D bioprinting is a process used to produce tissue in a variety of formats from micro-scale tissue to standard multi-well tissue, where cell functions and viabilities are preserved within the printed construct. A 3D bioprinter is a medical device used to regenerate human organs and tissue. The 3D micro-engineered environments open new channels for drug screening and fundamental studies of wound healing, angiogenesis, and stem-cell niches. Many industries have already benefitted from multiple advancements in this field, resulting in improved and more efficient processes worldwide.

关键词：三维生物印刷；产生组织；微观尺度组织；细胞功能；存活率

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This report covers the present scenario and growth prospects of the Global Biotechnology Reagents market for the period 2014-2018. To calculate the market size, the report considers the revenue generated from two major segments: Life Science and Analytics.

关键词：生物试剂；检测；化学化合物；分子生物技术；研究领域

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Genomics is the study of genetic material or genomes of an organism.

关键词：基因；遗传物质；生物体；基因组；诊断；治疗方案

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SNP genotyping is the screening and analysis of genetic variations of SNPs in the genome of various species. SNPs are commonly present in all species including humans. SNP genotyping and analysis technology can analyze thousands of SNPs and has the potential for wholegenome genotyping. It is the most common genetic variation that occurs in the genetic makeup. It is an emerging field in life science, which provides an in-depth analysis of SNPs. It is generally used by researchers for genomics study. It has a broad range of applications in several industries such as Pharmaceuticals and Pharmacogenomics, Diagnostics Research, Agriculture Biotechnology, and Breeding and Animal Livestock. There are several technologies which are used for SNP genotyping and analysis such as SNP GeneChips and microarrays, TaqMan allelic discrimination, SNP by pyrosequencing, SNPlex, and MassARRAY MALDI-TOF.

关键词：SNP；基因分型；筛选；遗传变异分析；基因组

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State-of-the-art spectral analysis of hot stars by means of non-LTE model-atmosphere techniques has arrived at a high level of sophistication. The analysis of high-resolution and high-S/N spectra, however, is strongly restricted by the lack of reliable atomic data for highly ionized species from intermediate-mass metals to trans-iron elements. Especially data for the latter has only been sparsely calculated. Many of their lines are identified in spectra of extremely hot, hydrogen-deficient post-AGB stars. A reliable determination of their abundances establishes crucial constraints for AGB nucleosynthesis simulations and, thus, for stellar evolutionary theory. Aims. In a previous analysis of the UV spectrum of RE 0503-289, spectral lines of highly ionized Ga, Ge, As, Se, Kr, Mo, Sn, Te, I, and Xe were identified. Individual abundance determinations are hampered by the lack of reliable oscillator strengths. Most of these identified lines stem from Ge V. In addition, we identified Ge VI lines for the first time. We calculated Ge V and Ge VI oscillator strengths in order to reproduce the observed spectrum. Methods. We newly calculated Ge V and Ge VI oscillator strengths to consider their radiative and collisional bound-bound transitions in detail in our non-LTE stellar-atmosphere models for the analysis of the Ge IV-VI spectrum exhibited in high-resolution and high-S/N FUV (FUSE) and UV (ORFEUS/BEFS, IUE) observations of RE 0503-289. Results. In the UV spectrum of RE 0503-289, we identify four Ge IV, 37 Ge V, and seven Ge VI lines. Most of these lines are identified for the first time in any star. We can reproduce almost all Ge IV, GeV, and Ge VI lines in the observed spectrum of RE 0503-289 (T(sub eff) = 70 kK, log g = 7.5) at log Ge = -3.8 +/- 0.3 (mass fraction, about 650 times solar). The Ge IV/V/VI ionization equilibrium, that is a very sensitive T(sub eff) indicator, is reproduced well. Conclusions. Reliable measurements and calculations of atomic data are a prerequisite for stellar-atmosphere modeling. Our oscillator-strength calculations have allowed, for the first time, Ge V and Ge VI lines to be successfully reproduced in a white dwarf's (RE 0503-289) spectrum and to determine its photospheric Ge abundance.

关键词：炽热的恒星；局部热力学平衡；高分辨率；频谱分析

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The suitport concept has been recently implemented as part of the small pressurized lunar rover (Currently the Space Exploration vehicle, or SEV) and the Multi-Mission Space Exploration Vehicle (MMSEV) concept demonstrator vehicle. Suitport replaces or augments the traditional airlock function of a spacecraft by providing a bulkhead opening, capture mechanism, and sealing system to allow ingress and egress of a space suit while the space suit remains outside of the pressurized volume of the spacecraft. This presents significant new opportunities to EVA exploration in both microgravity and surface environments. The suitport concept will enable three main improvements in EVA by providing reductions in: pre-EVA time from hours to less than thirty minutes; airlock consumables; contamination returned to the cabin with the EVA crewmember. Two second generation suitports were designed and tested. The previously reported second generation Marman Clamp suitport and a newer concept, the Pneumatic Flipper Suitport. These second generation suitports demonstrated human donning and doffing of the Z1 spacesuit with an 8.3 psi pressure differential across the spacesuit. Testing was performed using the JSC B32 Chamber B, a human rated vacuum chamber. The test included human rated suitports, the suitport compatible prototype suit, and chamber modifications. This test brought these three elements together in the first ever pressurized donning of a rear entry suit through a suitport. This paper presents the results of the testing, including unexpected difficulties with doffing, and engineering solutions implemented to ease the difficulties. A review of suitport functions, including a discussion of the need to doff a pressurized suit in earth gravity, is included.

关键词：航天服;夹;舱壁；人因工程；舱外活动；气闸模块

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To gain computational efficiency, a split explicit time integration scheme has been implemented in the CAM spectral Eulerian dynamical core. In this scheme, already present in other dynamical core options within the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CAM), the fluid dynamics portion of the model is subcycled to allow a longer time step for the parameterization schemes. The physics parameterization of CAM is not subject to the stability restrictions of the fluid dynamics, and thus finer spatial resolutions of the model do not require the physics time step to be reduced. A brief outline of the subcycling algorithm implementation and resulting model efficiency improvement is presented. A discussion regarding the effect of the climate statistics derived from short model runs is provided.

关键词：大气模型;气候;算法;流体动力学

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