Nitrate and technetium-99 (Tc-99) concentrations measured in the water condensate of soil gas extracted as part of earlier work at the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State suggest that pore water was extracted from the sediment and entrained in the exhausted soil gas. As a remedial approach, pore-water extraction offers the possibility of contaminant and water removal from the vadose zone, which may be beneficial in reducing the flux of vadose zone contaminants to the groundwater. Previous laboratory and modeling efforts examining pore-water extraction have focused on two implementation approaches: 1) application of negative pressure (vacuum) via soil-gas extraction at a well to induce coincident pore-water extraction; and 2) deployment of super-absorbent polymers in a well to extract water from the surrounding soil. In this study, laboratory experiments and numerical modeling were conducted to specifically examine pore-water extraction for sediment conditions relevant to the vadose zone beneath the SX Tank Farm at the Hanford Site. Available SX Tank Farm data were evaluated to generate a conceptual model of the subsurface in areas with elevated moisture and Tc-99 concentration. This conceptual model formed the basis to select materials for subsequent laboratory hydraulic property analyses, and for conducting numerical modeling to simulate a targeted application of pore-water extraction.

关键词：放射性废物贮存；提取；坦克；污染物；

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Polyester polymer concrete (PPC) was used in a trial application on a section of pavement that suffers from extensive studded tire wear. The purpose of the trial section is to determine if PPC is a possible repair strategy for this type of pavement damage. The PPC was applied in three methods; (1) as a 1 inch thick inlay of the entire lane that was diamond ground to remove all rutting from studded tire wear, (2) as an inlay of just the wheel paths that were diamond ground, and (3) as a feathered overlay of the existing pavement which had no diamond grinding to remove rutting. The test sections will be monitored for a minimum of five years to determine the performance of the PPC with particular emphasis on its ability to resist studded tire wear.

关键词：聚酯聚合物混凝土(PPC)；路面损伤修复策略

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APL has begun polarization studies to characterize the corrosion resistance afforded solely by the Ni:Zn alloy. APL has also demonstrated the ability to plate a Zn-rich alloy that is expected to have >60Zn by atom fraction. Lastly, PPG has developed a method for the scale up of the emulsification process that simultaneously results in reduced particle size. The next major milestone is to determine the Ni:Zn alloy that provides the best galvanic protection to steel based on electrochemical characterization. According to the current research plan, this objective is due by the end of April. The following milestone is the ability to heal 1/32' scratches by month 5 (2 months from now). APL is currently working to encapsulate wetting agents to improve resin spreading upon the microcapsule rupture.

关键词：成纤维细胞；添加剂；自运行；电偶腐蚀；表面活性物质

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Isolation of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) remains to be a key step for realization of the true potential of SWNTs, since the physical properties of SWNTs are dependent on the tube’s chirality index (n, m). Polymers with enhanced helical conformation are found to be an efficient sorting mechanism for SWNTs, as the cavity of polymer’s helical conformation can be tailored to facilitate an intimate interaction between polymer and SWNTs. Poly[(m-phenylenevinylene) (PmPV) demonstrates that the polymer helical conformation can be controlled to sort the SWNTs by their diameters. Poly[(m-phenyleneethynylene)-alt-(p-phenyleneethynylene)] (PPE) reveals the intriguing selectivity toward tube (6,5), illustrating the impact of carbon-carbon triple bonds on the SWNTs selectivity. In another approach, polyethyleneimine (PEI) is found to exhibit selective interaction with semiconducting SWNTs. By using this property, cellulose impregnated with PEI is found to be a column packing materials for separation of metallic SWNTs from a raw HiPco sample.  Analysis by AFM, 2D fluorescence and UV-vis-NIR absorption spectra suggests that the metallic SWNTs (13,4) can be separated from the armchair SWNTs (10,10) and (9,9).

关键词：碳纳米管；聚合物；硝酸；拉曼光谱；极限(单壁碳纳米管

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A novel fluorophore tagged exopolysaccharide (TEPS) was developed, synthesized, and tested for its potential implications toward locating Improvised Explosive Device (IEDs). Our TEPS exhibited unique and substantial properties that lend well to current change detection processing techniques and allows for significantly improved detection of objects implanted into the natural landscape. When coupled with a novel image processing package, or Automated Disturbance Detection System (ADDS), that automatically processes images, and creates a map of areas of interest (AOIs) that relate to the detection of a hidden object, TEPS has shown great success. For example, in pilot scale field testing it was able to accurately and automatically identify large (larger than 12') implanted devices nearly 100of the time and smaller objects (between 1' and 12') 87.5of the time from an aerial platform. Furthermore, the system only falsely detected one terrestrial disturbance for every fourteen that it correctly identified. An additional benefit of our TEPS system is that its computational requirements will be about 75less than comparable systems because computationally intense preprocessing algorithms are unnecessary. The combined TEPS and ADDS technologies can rapidly produce maps of AOIs, which would ultimately allow for greater and safer movement of troops in dangerous areas.

关键词：变化检测；简易爆炸装置；聚合物；自动化；耦合（互动）

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This article presents a comparative study on the synthesis and characterization of the binary and ternary ferrites for photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical applications. The importance and role of ferrite photocatalysts is discussed in context to the visible-light active photocatalyst application viz. for hydrogen production via. water-splitting. It also demonstrates that computational-exploration of any material system is key to identify, and achieve visible-light active photocatalysts.

关键词：光触媒；光电；氢能；铁氧体；高分子材料

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CO2 hydrogenation to olefins and ethylene oligomerization was investigated in efforts to improve catalyst composition and reaction conditions needed for scale-up. The hydrogenation of CO2 to hydrocarbons is investigated over -alumina-supported iron-based catalysts modified with manganese and potassium promoters and a silica-stabilized coating under fixed-bed reactor conditions to produce unsaturated hydrocarbons as feedstock chemicals for jet fuel synthesis. The stabilizer is introduced by impregnating the K/Mn/Fe on Al2O3 catalyst with tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) to minimize the deactivating effects of water on catalyst activity in CO2 hydrogenation. The K/Mn/Fe on Al2O3 catalyst modified with the TEOS and reduced in CO produced a lighter end fraction of olefins compared with the catalyst reduced in H2. To increase the chain length of the olefins formed in the CO2 hydrogenation step, investigation of oligomerization reaction is conducted in a separate experiment, where pure ethylene is used as a model olefin. Ethylene oligomerization over pelletized amorphous silica-alumina (ASA)-supported Ni catalysts demonstrated high conversion and selectivity towards the jet fuel fraction (C8-C16) at very low MHSV.

关键词：碳；聚合物；齐聚物；硅；高分子材料

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We have developed two processing methods for creating fully 3D interconnected NiTi porous structures with arrayed micro-channels. Processing with HIPing results in a fully densified matrix, though bonding at powder boundaries is limited by oxidation. The strength of the powder bonding can be increased by processing with liquid phase sintering, though the resulting matrix is not fully densified. Tailored to the specific application, both of these methods are valuable for creation of these 3D interconnected structures. The stress-strain response of these types of samples was examined through digital image correlation. The full strain field around a single and multiple pores was examined and compared to continuum modeling of the same geometry. While the transformation is captured qualitatively as it initiates below the pores and propagates 45 to the applied tensile load, continuum modeling is unable to capture the discrete with multiple pores, as the transformation bands cross and interact during deformation. Therefore while continuum modeling will clearly illustrate the trends of the deformation, as pore size and spacing approaches the granular length scale, these discrete effects cannot be captured by continuum modeling but must be examined experimentally.

关键词：形状记忆合金；相变；多孔金属；粉末冶金；镍钛合金

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No abstract available.

关键词：电气工程；工程规划；静电；印刷电路；智能电网

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The Office of Waste Processing, within the Office of Technology Innovation and Development, funded the development of an enhanced Caustic-Side Solvent Extraction (CSSX) solvent for deployment at the Savannah River Site for removal of cesium from High Level Waste. This effort lead to the development of the Next Generation Solvent (NGS) with Tris(3,7-dimethyl octyl) guanidine (TiDG). The first deployment target for the NGS solvent is within the Modular CSSX Unit (MCU). Deployment of a new chemical within an existing facility requires verification that the new chemical components are compatible with the installed equipment. In the instance of a new organic solvent, the primary focus is on compatibility of the solvent with organic polymers used in the affected facility. This report provides the calculated data from exposing these polymers to the Next Generation Solvent. An assessment of the dimensional stability of polymers known to be used or present in the MCU, Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF), and Saltstone facilities that will be exposed to the NGS showed that TiDG could selectively affect the elastomers and some thermoplastics to varying extents, but the typical use of these polymers in a confined geometry will likely prevent the NGS from impacting component performance. The polymers identified as of primary concern include Grafoil (flexible graphite), Tefzel, Isolast, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), and fluorocarbon rubber (FKM). Certain polymers like NBR and EPDM were found to interact mildly with NGS but their calculated swelling and the confined geometry will impede interaction with NGS. In addition, it was found that Vellumoid (cellulose fibers-reinforced glycerin and protein) may leach protein and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) may leach plasticizer (such as Bis-Ethylhexyl-Phthalates) into the NGS solvent.

关键词：放射性废物；溶剂萃取法；聚合物；化学成分

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