Nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ; FGGFTGARKSARKL-ANQ) was identified via reverse pharmacology strategies as the endogenous ligand of a previously orphan GPCR now referred to as N/OFQ peptide (NOP) receptor. The N/OFQ - NOP receptor system is widely distributed in the nervous system where it modulates several different biological functions. Structure relationship studies performed on the N/OFQ sequence allowed to generate NOP selective ligands encompassing full and partial agonist as well as pure antagonist activity, to increase their potency, metabolic stability, and in vivo duration of action. These peptide NOP ligands were used to investigate the consequences of NOP receptor activation and block thus suggesting the possible therapeutic indications of drugs interacting with this receptor. Evidence coming from these studies, together with findings obtained with knockout animals and non peptide NOP ligands, suggests that the most promising indications for NOP antagonists are depression and Parkinson disease and for agonists anxiety, drug abuse, cough, and pain (after spinal administration). In addition, clinical studies demonstrated that intravesical instillation of N/OFQ elicits beneficial effects in patients with overactive bladder.

关键词：痛敏肽/孤啡肽；NOP受体； NOP肽配体；医药

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The ZEBRAlliance is an opportunity to accelerate progress toward DOE's goal of maximizing cost-effective energy efficiency by investing in a highly leveraged, focused effort to test new ultra-high-efficiency components emerging from ORNL's Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) partners and others. The Alliance integrated efficient components into the construction of four research houses that will be used as test markets to gauge the integral success of the components and houses. These four research houses are expected to be the first houses used to field-test several newly emerging products such as the ClimateMaster ground-source integrated heat pump, factory assembled ZEHcor walls, and one or more new appliances from Whirlpool Corporation.

关键词：节能；住房；湿润气候；成本系数

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Automatic Train Operation (ATO) is one of the most important functions for advanced control in railway systems. Thanks to these advantages, ATO equipments have been installed in the linear metro system. This new system do not only operate the train according to running plan, but it can also control the braking pattern to stop the train smoothly, accurately and energetically saving. This paper describes the fundamental study on energy saving for linear metro operation based on the support of ATO equipments. Optimal design of the speed profile with positive using of regenerative brake will also be introduced.

关键词：节能；ATO；线性地铁；电气铁路

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Prediction of synergistic or antagonistic effects of drug-drug interaction (DDI) in vivo has been of considerable interest over the years. Formal representation of pharmacological knowledge such as ontology is indispensable for machine reasoning of possible DDIs. However, current pharmacology knowledge bases are not sufficient to provide formal representation of DDI information. With this background, this paper presents: (1) a description framework of pharmacodynamics ontology; and (2) a methodology to utilize pharmacodynamics ontology to detect different types of possible DDI pairs with supporting information such as underlying pharmacodynamics mechanisms. We also evaluated our methodology in the field of drugs related to noradrenaline signal transduction process and 11 different types of possible DDI pairs were detected. The main features of our methodology are the explanation capability of the reason for possible DDIs and the distin-guishability of different types of DDIs. These features will not only be useful for providing supporting information to pre-scribers, but also for large-scale monitoring of drug safety.

关键词：医药；药效学；药物相互作用；本体论；知识表示

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Transit administrators, engineers, and researchers often face problems for which information already exists, either in documented form or as undocumented experience and practice. This information may be fragmented, scattered, and unevaluated. As a consequence, full knowledge of what has been learned about a problem may not be brought to bear on its solution. Costly research findings may go unused, valuable experience may be overlooked, and due consideration may not be given to recommended practices for solving or alleviating the problem.This study describes how transit agencies are reducing energy use and is based on survey responses from 51 diverse agencies across the country, a literature review of a variety of academic and professional publications, and case examples of four agencies.

关键词：节能；交通部门；节能策略

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Using a database of over 3 million RSC simulations for different combinations of parameters, we have built a visual analytics tool to assist in the exploration and identification of features in the data. Since the database contains multiple variables, both categorical and continuous, we employ a coordinated multi-view approach that allows coordinated feature exploration through multiple visualizations at once. The main component of our system, a parallel coordinates view, has been adapted to handle large-scale, mixed data types as are found in RSC simulations. Other visualizations include map coordinated plots, high dynamic range (HDR) line plot rendering, and an intuitive user interface. We demonstrate these techniques with several use cases that have helped identify software and parametric simulation issues.

关键词：节能；屋顶节省计算器；建筑；可视化；数据分析

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The purpose of this project was to retire key risks and overcome the technical barriers to implementing an ORC with Direct Evaporation. R&D was conducted through a partnership between the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and General Electric (GE) Global Research Center (GRC). The project consisted of four research tasks: (1) Detailed Design & Modeling of the ORC Direct Evaporator, (2) Design and Construction of Partial Prototype Direct Evaporator Test Facility, (3) Working Fluid Decomposition Chemical Analyses, and (4) Prototype Evaluation. Issues pertinent to the selection of an ORC working fluid, along with thermodynamic and design considerations of the direct evaporator, were identified.

关键词：节能；蒸发器；排气系统；朗肯循环系统；余热利用

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The overall goal of the Ulaanbaatar School Buildings Thermo-technical Retrofitting Project was to demonstrate the heat energy savings that could be achieved through thermal insulation and heating system improvements at three school buildings. The selected buildings (School Nos. 79-1, 79-2, and 63) are located in ger districts of the Mongolian capital city Ulaanbaatar (UB), are not connected to the UB district heating system, and are heated with coal-fired heat only boilers. The buildings were determined to be structurally sound prior to the project, but they lacked adequate insulation and were in poor condition--there was frost on the insides of some classrooms during the winter months, roofs were leaking, floors lacked insulation, and there were significant cracks in exterior walls.

关键词：节能；校舍；燃煤锅炉；热绝缘

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Depending on the individual school districts, grades are divided into elementary schools (grades K through 5), middle schools (grades 6 through 8), and high schools (grades 9 through 12). Included in the AEDG-K12 are prescriptive recommendations by climate zone for the design of the building envelope, fenestration, lighting systems (including electric lights and daylighting); heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems; building automation and controls; outdoor air (OA) treatment; and service water heating (SWH). Additional savings recommendations are also included, but not necessary for the 50% savings goal. These recommendations are provided for additional HVAC strategies and renewable energy systems.

关键词：节能；学校建筑；教育设施；HVAC系统；照明系统

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In-Plant Training (INPLT) is a new model for developing energy efficiency expertise within the US manufacturing companies participating in the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) Better Buildings, Better Plants Program. That program is a nationwide initiative to drive a 25% reduction in industrial energy intensity in 10 years. INPLTs are designed to fill a niche by providing hands on training in a real world manufacturing plant environment. Through INPLTs, participants from multiple manufacturing plants, supply chains, utilities, and other external stakeholders learn how to conduct energy assessments, use energy analysis tools to analyze energy saving opportunities, develop energy management systems, and implement energy savings projects. Typical INPLT events are led by DOE-certified Energy Experts and range from 2-4 days. Topics discussed include: identification of cross-cutting or system specific opportunities; introduction to ISO 50001 Energy Management Systems; energy project implementation and replication.

关键词：节能；工业厂房；制造厂；能源效率

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