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1031.原肠绞作为BMP调制器在乳腺发育和肿瘤发生中
[医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
BMP activity is tightly regulated at extracellular and intracellular levels of signaling as the dosage of BMPs can have widely varied effects depending on the time, tissue and domain in which they are expressed. However, the regulation of BMP signaling within the MG, both during normal development and oncogenesis, remains largely unknown. Twisted gastrulation (TWSG1) is a conserved extracellular modulator of BMPs. It can promote or inhibit BMP signaling depending on the constituents of the extracellular milieu. Twsg1 is expressed in mammary glands from wild type (WT) mice at 3, 6 and 8 weeks of life, and is differentially expressed in breast cancer, yet its role in MG development and breast cancer pathogenesis is unknown. This study is designed to determine how TWSG1 regulates the invasion of normal MG tissue during ductal elongation and the behavior of breast cancer cells.
关键词:乳腺癌细胞(生物学);乳腺增生病;肿瘤
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1032.军事功能评估项目评价:使用临床数据归档数据库的结构效度的初步评估
[医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
There is a critical need for return-to-duty (RTD) assessment criteria that encompasses the spectrum of injury and disease experienced by U.S. Soldiers, Airmen, Sailors, and Marines. This study focused on injury effects on human neurosensory and musculoskeletal function, including those resulting from blast, blunt, and ballistic threats. The goal of this effort was to evaluate the relationships between clinical assessments and novel military- specific tasks of current assessment batteries by comparing scores on a clinical test battery with Soldier performance on the tasks currently utilized by the Military Functional Assessment Program (MFAP) at Fort Campbell, Kentucky. Results demonstrated an initial convergent validity between MFAP tasks and clinical assessment scores, and supported additional research efforts to determine the effectiveness of the MFAP in predicting RTD success. Additional survey data collected from a sample of military leaders indicated that Soldiers reintegrating with a unit following medical treatment at the Warrior Resiliency and Recovery Center are generally perceived as successful, but require special treatment to carry out their missions; however, interpretations and application of survey data were limited by the small sample size of respondents.
关键词:职业医学;军事人员;医药
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1033.组织微阵列作为生物标志物验证工具的质量控制和分析算法
[信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业,医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
Tissue Microarrays (TMAs) are a common tool for evaluating protein expression patterns in situ. Genomics researchers use them to verify that subtle changes in phe-notype survive the translational and post-translational modification processes in the cell. Proper analysis of TMA experiments is critical to support explanations of complex protein interactions. Variations of TMAs include cores from tissue biopsies, heterogeneous protein lysates, whole cells, and homogeneous pure protein mixtures. Quality control and analysis algorithms for TMAs share much in common with the analysis of DNA microarray spots. Quality problems such as non-specific binding, auto-fluorescence, fluorescent photo bleaching, quenching, and missing samples due to laboratory processing are points of commonality that require different analytical approaches. This chapter covers algorithms most suited to address these variations, including spot-finding algorithms, artifact detection, multi-spectral analysis, controls to compare across experiments, and annotation and metadata sharing.
关键词:组织微阵列;蛋白;异构蛋白;医学
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1034.干细胞移植和PD1封锁融合中树突状细胞骨髓瘤的接种
[医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
Most patients with multiple myeloma achieve a complete or near complete response following autologous transplantation. However, patients experience disease relapse from a persistent reservoir of chemotherapy resistant disease.
关键词:骨髓瘤;干细胞;疫苗;抗体
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1035.城市商业中心区停车问题和对策研究
[公共管理、社会保障和社会组织,交通运输、仓储和邮政业] [2015-08-05]
Parking facilities are important to the construction and development of urban central commercial district. With the increase of urban economy and people's living standards, more and more cars, followed by more and more city parking is not convenient. Especially in the city center business district, "parking difficult" problem is particularly serious. In order to solve the parking problem, Yuan Yang-Cheng in T city commercial district is taken as the object, according to the investigation on the parking behavior. The survey results show that the key factors affecting the behavior of parking is price and the parking is interested in the convenient parking of parking guidance system. Also, the reasonable use of price lever parking supply and demand has great room for adjustment.
关键词:汽车;停车问题;城市中心
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1036.石墨烯的生物医学应用:机遇与挑战
[医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
The unique properties of graphene are attracting a significant amount of attention from scientists for various biomedical applications. Several attempts have been already made to functionalize the surface of graphene oxide with polymers, surfactants and other chemical moieties in an attempt to increase cellular uptake, to target a particular organ, in order to reduce the toxicity and/or to increase solubility. This review discusses various applications of graphene in biomedical sciences, their limitations and safety concerns. Literature reports confirm that almost 98% of study outcomes are promising, conducted either in vitro or in vivo. The dose dependent toxicity of graphene might serve as a tool to optimize formulation for effective delivery of a drug to particular site in the body. The applications of graphene in cell imaging and photodynamic therapy are being explored and can be associated with reduced chemotherapy. In order to gain a clear idea of bioclearance, real clinical data on graphene is essential for the future developments.
关键词:石墨烯;药物输送;癌症治疗
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1037.腺苷瞬态交付作为一种新型的治疗以防止癫痫病
[医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
Epigenetic changes, including hypermethylation of DNA, are fundamental to progression and maintenance of epilepsy. Using silk-based brain implants engineered to release adenosine we demonstrated that reversal of epigenetic changes prevents epileptogenesis. We identified a novel mechanism by which adenosine reduces DNA methylation in the brain and translated those findings into a new therapeutic strategy (biodegradable silk-based brain implants) to prevent epileptogenesis long term. These findings constitute a novel scientific advance with direct clinical implications. Specifically, using bioengineered silk-based brain implants we demonstrated that transient delivery of a defined focal dose of adenosine to epileptic rats can reverse pathological DNA hypermethylation. Further, we showed that this treatment can prevent epileptogenesis as assessed by the analysis of two independent outcome parameters (seizures and mossy fiber sprouting). To our knowledge this is the first study where a robust antiepileptogenic effect has been demonstrated after the onset of epilepsy. Adenosine and silk are FDA approved; thus our findings have direct translational value. In summary, we demonstrated that DNA methylation changes are integral to initiation and progression of epilepsy; these epigenetic changes are modulated by adenosine, which is dysregulated in epilepsy; focal transient silk-based adenosine augmentation reduces epilepsy associated DNA hypermethylation and halts disease progression.
关键词:癫痫;腺苷;脑;脱氧核糖核酸;基因工程
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1038.鼻疽伯克霍尔德氏菌III型分泌系统蛋白质的纯化与特性
[医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
Burkholderia mallei is a Gram-negative zoonotic pathogen of solipeds that can also secondarily infect human hosts causing glanders. The bacterium is highly infectious and has been considered in the past as a potential biological weapon. In Western Europe and North America, glanders has been eradicated, but it persists in other areas. The two major bacterial virulence systems, the type III (T3SS) and type VI (T6SS) secretion systems, have been studied and found to be essential for the virulence in animal models of the disease. B. mallei has two T3SSs that are plant-like and animal-like, but only the latter is essential for virulence in animal models of glanders. In this study, we have expressed, purified, and measured the catalytic activity of the B. mallei BsaS ATPase in an in vitro assay.
关键词:放线鼻疽;蛋白;纯化;分泌
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1039.聚羟基烷酸酯及其在控释给药系统中的潜力:生物医学应用及药物释放的影响因素
[医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
Controlled-release systems have shown several additional advantages over conventional dosage forms, since they are able to improve the temporal and spatial distribution of drugs in the body, reducing the drug degradation under specific physiological conditions and also to improve patient compliance. Due to the high degree of polymerization, biodegradability and biocompatibility characteristics, highly crystalline structure and water insolubility, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have received special attention as biomaterials for the preparation of controlled release systems. Depending on the application requirements, different PHAs can be either blended, or have their surfaces modified or combined with other polymers, enzymes or even inorganic materials in order to further improve their mechanical properties or biocompatibility. In this sense, this chapter emphasizes the main physico-chemical processes influencing the drug release rate form controlled release systems so that formulations can be more easily optimized to the intended application, and chemical modifications from polymers may be purposed efficiently.
关键词:PHA;药物输送;物理化学性质
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1040.PTEN作为回应氯化锂的生物标志物的损失——潜在的有针对性的治疗乳腺癌预测
[医药制造业] [2015-08-05]
We overexpressed the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) into the non-tumorigenic human breast epithelial cell line MCF-10A, and compared these cells to isogenic cell lines previously created via somatic cell gene targeting to model Pten loss, PIK3CA mutations, and the invariant AKT1 mutation, E17K. EGFR overexpressing clones were capable of cellular proliferation in the absence of EGF and were sensitive to lithium similar to the results previously seen with cells harboring PIK3CA mutations. In contrast, AKT1 E17K cells and PTEN -/- cells displayed resistance or partial sensitivity to lithium, respectively. Western blot analysis demonstrated that lithium sensitivity correlated with significant decreases in both PI3K and MAPK signaling that were observed only in EGFR overexpressing and mutant PIK3CA cell lines. These studies demonstrate that EGFR overexpression and PIK3CA mutations are predictors of response to lithium, whereas Pten loss and AKT1 E17K mutations do not predict for lithium sensitivity. Our findings may have important implications for the use of these genetic lesions in breast cancer patients as predictive markers of response to emerging PI3K pathway inhibitors.
关键词:乳腺癌细胞(生物学);表皮;锂;无性系