Traffic congestion on roadways and airways has increased the demand for railway transport. It is more feasible and convenient for passengers to travel by train than any other mode of transportation as it can provide faster services at a reasonable price. Moreover, railways are considered as a faster and safer option compared with roadways. The increase in demand for railway transport has made it mandatory for railway operators to make their systems more advanced and automated. A smart railway system comprises solutions, devices and components, and services that automate and optimize the use of railway infrastructure to carry out advanced functions. It has several components such as passenger reservation and information systems, freight operations information systems, railway traffic management, operations and asset management, Internet protocol (IP)-based security monitoring, communications, ticketing, and railway analytics.

Food manufacturers are always looking for ways to improve product safety and extend the shelf life of products through the use of better packaging materials, such as vacuum packaging, without altering the physical or chemical properties of foodstuffs, or adding any preservatives. Vacuum packaging is growing in popularity worldwide. It can also complement alternative preservation methods. In such packaging, food is enclosed in a package from which oxygen is removed prior to sealing. This helps in increasing the shelf life and maintaining the quality of food.

An induction cooktop uses a magnetic field to excite the molecules in cookware, thereby generating heat. While the cookware gets heated, the glass top and the air surrounding the vessel does not. This makes an induction cooktop a safer and more energy-efficient option compared to a gas cooktop. Induction cooktops, also known as induction hobs, are more versatile and allow quick and controlled heating when compared to traditional gas cooktops. The induction cooktop market in India is expected to grow at a CAGR of 9.87% during the forecast period.

The retail industry can be divided into two broad segments: brick-and-mortar retail and online retail. Brick-and-mortar retail is also known as offline retail or physical storebased retail. Online retail comprises three different sectors: B2B, B2C, and C2C. A wide range of products are sold in the online retail market, and they broadly fall under one of these product categories: consumer electronics and electricals; apparel, footwear, and accessories; music, software, books, and stationery; food and grocery; home care products; home furniture and furnishing; and other products.

Pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae), a pathogenic bacterium, is the leading cause of serious illness worldwide. It is the major cause of pneumonia, blood infections, meningitis, sinusitis, and middle ear infections (otitis media). Pneumococcal infections affect children younger than five years and older people (65 years and older), and it is among the leading infectious disease. It kills almost 1.6 million people (including over 800,000 children under five years) every year. It can be prevented by vaccination and involves the introduction of a dead or weakened antigen into the human body. This produces lymphocytes to counter the infection and any future invasions by that antigen.

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is a therapeutic technique used for the treatment of acute and chronic wounds. To accelerate the recovery process of any wound, removal of the accumulated fluid and infectious materials from the wound surface is necessary. The NPWT device helps in the suction of the accumulated fluid by applying around 125 mm Hg pressure. The NPWT system consists of a vacuum pump, foam or gauze wound dressing, drainage tubing, a canister for storage of surgical or medical aspiration fluid, and an adhesive film dressing to cover and seal the wounds.

Pipeline infrastructure plays a crucial role in major process industries like oil and gas, chemical, and power. Mega process plants consist of a vast network of pipeline infrastructure. Pipelines are installed in large processing plants and are used to transport raw materials and processed products. Though certain process industries use short-length pipelines, their overall layout may be complex. The pipelines put into application in these industries are subjected to constant variation in temperature and pressure, along with random vibrations due to pumping. Therefore, designing a pipeline network is one of the most complex operations in pipeline engineering. While designing a pipeline network, various aspects that influence the pipeline operation should be taken into consideration; parameters such as pressure, temperature, pipeline layout in confined spaces, and expansion limits that the pipeline material can endure play a vital role in pipeline engineering.

Energy storage is an established technology and is necessary to balance power demand and supply. An ESS (energy storage system) is required for grid flexibility and stability. A grid-scale energy storage system stores power when there is excess and releases energy when there is demand such as during power outage. The increased use of intermittent renewable energy sources has resulted in the use of energy storage systems. Electricity storage primarily fills the gap between the ramping down/ ramping up time of wind/ solar powered energy generation systems.

Medical composite materials are used in place of steel, plastic, and aluminum for the manufacture of customized and complex products like advanced orthopedic devices, prosthetics, and body implants. They are also used in dental applications such as restoration and filling of natural teeth. These materials offer the following benefits.