Thorough analysis of drag and power characteristics of hydrodynamic power turbines is necessary for the efficient extraction of energy available at sea. In an effort to obtain these characteristics for a three-bladed, axial- flow hydroturbine, used to provide electric power on small sailing vessels, a load cell and voltage measuring system was installed on a carriage in a towing tank for analysis across a speed range of 0.5 to 1.8 m/s. A high-speed camera was used to determine the precise carriage speed and the rotational speed of the turbine rotor. For validation of concept, two thin flat plates were analyzed using the same drag force measuring system in the tow tank to compare experimentally determined drag coefficients with known literature values. Results are shown for the drag force experienced by the flat plates and both the non-rotating and the rotating turbine configurations. Additional results are shown for the turbine s power generation capabilities at rotational speeds between 90 and 500 RPMs. Using computational fluid dynamics for the rectangular flat plate and non-rotational turbine configuration, the experimental and computational results for the drag force characteristics were compared.

关键词：计算流体动力学；流体力学特性；轴流式水轮机

查看摘要 索取原文[121页]

关键词：中子探测器；硅；仿真；热分析

查看摘要 索取原文[5页]

Amorphous silicon (a-Si) thin film solar cells are one of the major candidates for flexible space solar cells, since it is known they have not only good radiation tolerance, but also many distinct advantages: high specific power, high flexibility, ruggedness, and tight rollup feature for stowage. Additionally, they also have the potential for reductions of both cost and stowage volume. Recently, the specific power of 1200 W/kg has been attained by triple-junction (TJ) amorphous silicon alloy solar cells using roll-to-roll processing. However, systematic knowledge of the radiation degradation of a-Si solar cells is still insufficient compared to other types of solar cells, such as crystalline Si and Ⅲ-Ⅴ compounds.

关键词：太阳能电池；电池材料；硅晶体

查看摘要 索取原文[6页]

The goal of this activity was to carry out program implementation and technical projects in support of the ARRA-funded Advanced Materials in Support of EERE Needs to Advance Clean Energy Technologies Program of the DOE Advanced Manufacturing Office (AMO) (formerly the Industrial Technologies Program (ITP)). The work was organized into eight projects in four materials areas: strategic materials, structural materials, energy storage and production materials, and advanced/field/transient processing. Strategic materials included work on titanium, magnesium and carbon fiber. Structural materials included work on alumina forming austentic (AFA) and CF8C-Plus steels. The advanced batteries and production materials projects included work on advanced batteries and photovoltaic devices. Advanced/field/transient processing included work on magnetic field processing. Details of the work in the eight projects are available in the project final reports which have been previously submitted.

关键词：碳纤维；电池能源效率；储能

查看摘要 索取原文[41页]

Single-ion hit for studies of microscopic irradiation experiment is utilized with spatial accuracy of a few micrometers by means of heavy ion microbeam of several hundred MeV at the TIARA cyclotron. High spatial accuracy for the real-time position detection of single-ion hit is essential in irradiation experiments of biological cells. A CR-39 plastic track detector is generally used as a position detector of single-ion hit. The tracks formed on it after chemical etching are observed by microscope. This procedure takes more than an hour and limits efficiency of therefore strongly required, and various scintillators are examined so far. It is taken notice of photostimulated luminescence (PSL) of Al_2O_3:C in this study, which has accurate dose sensitivity ranging from 0.1 μGy to 10 Gy. Photostimulable sample are possible to be prepared by adjusting parameters such as the amount of implantation density of activators by means of the TIARA ion implanter and annealing condition.

关键词：电池；化学反应；单离子反应

查看摘要 索取原文[1页]

Wireless technology has been evolving at a breakneck speed. The total number of cell-phones in use (as of 2011) was over 6 billion for a 7 billion world population constituting 87 % of the world population. Additionally, with user convenience becoming paramount, more and more functions are being implemented wirelessly. For example, the U.S. army utilizes 40 different types of radios for its communications. Moreover, there is a considerable effort toward integrating all this wireless functionality in a single device. Smartphones today use as many as a dozen independent radios inside them.

关键词：手机电池；单电源设备；电池组成

查看摘要 索取原文[78页]

The aim of the project has been the analysis and development of a spinodal decomposition technology to enhance the heat transfer efficiency in microdevices. Poesio et al. (2007) had shown that the cooling (down to a given temperature) of a closed cell filled with a liquid-liquid mixture undergoing spinodal decomposition can be achieved ten-times faster compared to the case of a cell filled with a single-phase fluid. This effect can be explained as the result of (spinodal-decomposition induced) convective motion: the free energy released during spinodal decomposition acts as a driving force for the phase separation, leading to the spontaneous formation of single-phase domains which then proceed to grow and coalesce; this convective motion enhances the transport of internal energy and results in an appreciable heat transfer enhancement. Based on the proof-of-concept fundamental experiments in Poesio et al. (2006), Poesio et al. (2007), Poesio et al. (2009), and Farise et al. (2012), this technology was awaiting use in a configuration more relevant from the applications point of view, such as in a flowing system. The ultimate goal has been the design of a proof-of-concept micro/mini heat exchanger based on liquid-liquid spinodal decomposition. The project lasted for three years with the first year sponsored by the Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development, AOARD (Grant FA2386-10-1-4146). Continued with the European office, EOARD (Grant FA8655-11-1-3068), and completed in 2013. The work has accomplished two main objectives: (1) demonstrated and analyzed heat transfer in small-scale heat exchangers; and (2) conducted numerical modeling as a precursor to a design tool. Since the currently available modeling tools require years of computational time to complete the simulation of a practical- sized device, this effort only started developing a novel theoretical modeling approach that eventually will lead to the design of efficient heat exchangers.

关键词：调幅分解；国外；换热器；传热

查看摘要 索取原文[58页]

The overall goal of this study was achieved: Replicated the numerical assessment performed by Chen et. al. (2005). Displayed the ability of Thermal Desktop to be coupled with thermo-electrochemical analysis techniques. such that the local heat generated on the cells is a function of the model itself using logic blocks and arrays. Differences in the TD temperature vs. depth of discharge profiles and Chen's was most likely due to differences in two primary areas: Contact regions and conductance values. Differences in density and specific heat values. center dot The model results are highly dependent on the accuracy of the material properties with respect to the multiple layers of an individual cell.

关键词：电动电池；电化学；锂；锂电池

查看摘要 索取原文[21页]

In order to provide the large coverage and high data rate in future system,more and more low power nodes (LPNs) e.g.,pico nodes,relay nodes,etc.,are introduced into the LTE heterogeneous network (HetNet).The resource allocation and optimization scheme is the key issue in Hetnet system since the interference environment is quite complicated compared with the traditional homogenous networks.In this paper,the semi-distributed power and subcarrier allocation scheme is proposed,which aims to achieve the good performance tradeoff between the macro eNBs and the pico nodes.One novel utility function is investigated taking both macro edge UEs and pico edge UEs into account based on limited average data rate information exchanges between macro eNB and pico eNBs.The interference for the edge UEs can be coordinated efficiently due to the dynamic power and subcarrier allocations.Compared with the proportional fairness (PF) scheduling algorithm,the simulation results show that the proposed semi-distributed scheme can achieve about 8％ throughput gain in average cell throughput.Furthermore,the pico edge UEs,and macro edge UEs of the proposed scheme can achieve 17％,12％ capacity gain,respectively.

关键词：子载波分配；微微边缘UE；LTE Hetnet系统

查看摘要 索取原文[6页]

Several solution routes to low cost photovoltaic absorber materials have been explored. These routes include different ink chemistries as well as deposition and processing methods. The thin film absorber materials have been integrated into photovoltaic devices.

关键词：薄膜；光伏电池；成本；沉积；油墨

查看摘要 索取原文[3页]