This presentation describes an independent assessment of fuel cell durability status and discusses the project's relevance to the Department of Energy Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program; NREL's analysis approach; the FY12 technical accomplishments including the fourth annual publication of results; and project collaborations and future work.

关键词：环境与资源；燃料电池；直接能量转换；耐久性评估

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The purpose of the project report is to document the manner in which Battelle applied its subject matter expertise, experience, and facilities to complete Task Order 4, Electrical Isolation Test Procedure Development and Verification under the NHTSA Hydrogen Vehicle Fuel System Safety Program. The report describes the discrete steps and results that led to the development and verification of the test procedure and all supporting research.

关键词：环境与资源；燃料电池；电动车；产品开发

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This investigation is part of the development of several braze joints crucial for the heat exchanger transfer path from a hot-side heat exchanger to a Stirling engine heat acceptor.This paper addressed the long-term microstructural stability of various braze alloys used to join 316L stainless steel heater head to the high conductivity oxygen-free copper acceptor toensure the endurance of the critical metallic components of this sophisticated heat exchanger.

关键词：钢铁；钎焊；微观结构；低碳钢；金属结合；热传递

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Durability testing was performed on an external fuel processor (EFP) for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power plant. The EFP enables the SOFC to reach high system efficiency (electrical efficiency up to 60) using pipeline natural gas and eliminates the need for large quantities of bottled gases. LG Fuel Cell Systems Inc. (formerly known as Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Systems (US) Inc.) (LGFCS) is developing natural gas-fired SOFC power plants for stationary power applications. These power plants will greatly benefit the public by reducing the cost of electricity while reducing the amount of gaseous emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides compared to conventional power plants. The EFP uses pipeline natural gas and air to provide all the gas streams required by the SOFC power plant; specifically those needed for start-up, normal operation, and shutdown. It includes a natural gas desulfurizer, a synthesis-gas generator and a start-gas generator. The research in this project demonstrated that the EFP could meet its performance and durability targets. The data generated helped assess the impact of long-term operation on system performance and system hardware. The research also showed the negative impact of ambient weather (both hot and cold conditions) on system operation and performance.

关键词：环境与资源；燃料电池；外部燃料处理器；固体氧化物

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 SCARAB rover. A 16-cell non-flow-through fuel cell stack from Infinity Fuel Cell and Hydrogen, Inc. was incorporated into a power system designed to act as a range extender by providing power to the rover s hotel loads. This work represents the first attempt at a ground demonstration of this new technology aboard a mobile test platform. Development and demonstration were supported by the Office of the Chief Technologist s Space Power Systems Project and the Advanced Exploration System Modular Power Systems Project.

关键词：资源与环境；燃料电池；氢原子；负载（力）；利用技术

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As a first step towards a microscopic understanding of single-Pt atom-dispersed catalysts on non-conventional TiN supports, we present density- functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the adsorption properties of Pt atoms on the pristine TiN(100) surface, as well as the dominant influence of surface defects on the thermodynamic stability of platinized TiN. Optimized atomic geometries, energetics, and analysis of the electronic structure of the Pt/TiN system are reported for various surface coverages of Pt. We find that atomic Pt does not bind preferably to the clean TiN surface, but under typical PEM fuel cell operating conditions, i.e. strongly oxidizing conditions, TiN surface vacancies play a crucial role in anchoring the Pt atom for its catalytic function. Whilst considering the energetic stability of the Pt/TiN structures under varying N conditions, embedding Pt at the surface N-vacancy site is found to be the most favorable under N-lean conditions. Thus, the system of embedding Pt at the surface N-vacancy site on TiN(100) surface could be a promising catalyst for PEM fuel cells.

关键词：环境与资源；燃料电池；电子产品；原子氧化物

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The MURI set out with a series of objectives to construct a theory toolkit coupled to advanced experimentation for validation and support. We have achieved all of our initial objectives in this regard and have expanded the scope of the MURI to use theory and experimentation to drive the prediction and preparation of new and highly active catalysts for key processes in fuel cells. Succinctly stated, our theory and experimental goals were as follows: Theory Objectives: *Accurate Quantum Mechanical Methods for Kinetics and thermodynamics *In silico Synthesis of Particle Structure *Quantum Mechanical Electrocatalysis *Ab initio Descriptions of Electron/Proton Transfer *Predictive Catalysis: Multiscale Catalysis Model *Data Mining Approaches to Predict New Materials. Experimental Objectives: *Theory Support *Studies of Key Electrocatalytic Processes *New Catalysts *New Experimental Characterization of Structure All of these objectives were achieved in the course of this project. We have reported a long series of innovations and, indeed, have extended this original list. Several of the investigators in the team have been cited as among the most productive ARO contractors.

关键词：资源与环境；燃料电池；分子动力学；纳米粒子

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This work was undertaken to create an efficient process for electrolyzing ammonia, by clarifying the electrolytic decomposition path-ways of ammonia and urea. This project demonstrated the feasibility of using ammonia and urea electrolysis technologies to produce hydrogen as a potential fuel source for the fuel Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell back up power for training facilities and soldier camps, under the 'Silent Camp' initiative. This was achieved with scaling of bench scale electrolyzer to a 50 W electrolyzer system known as the 'GreenBox.' The construction of the 50 W GreenBox depended on the development of the catalyst and fundamental understanding of the reaction mechanisms for ammonia and urea electrolysis. Significant progress in catalyst development was achieved by using chemical and electrochemical preparation techniques, and using the various state-of-the-art analytical methods funded through this project. A new synthesized material-nickel hydroxide nanosheets-has shown potential to be catalyst for urea electrolysis and catalyst support for ammonia electrolysis. The energy consumption for the ammonia electrolysis using the nickel based nanostructured electrodes is anticipated to be lower than 8.6 Wh per gram of hydrogen gas produced. The low energy consumption will provide a significant advantage when the GreenBox is combined with fuel cells.

关键词：资源与环境；燃料电池；氨分解，电解氢原子

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In July 2010, Stark State College (SSC), received Grant DE-EE0003229 from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Golden Field Office, for the development of the electrical and control systems, and mechanical commissioning of a unique 20kW scale high-pressure, high temperature, natural gas fueled Stack Block Test System (SBTS). SSC worked closely with subcontractor, Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Systems (US) Inc. (RRFCS) over a 13 month period to successfully complete the project activities. This system will be utilized by RRFCS for pre-commercial technology development and training of SSC student interns. In the longer term, when RRFCS is producing commercial products, SSC will utilize the equipment for workforce training.

关键词：资源与环境；燃料电池；固体氧化物；能源转换

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This presentation describes the results of the demonstration of a non-flow-through PEM fuel cell as part of a power system on the SCARAB rover at the NASA Glenn Research Center. A 16-cell non-flow-through fuel cell stack from Infinity Fuel Cell and Hydrogen, Inc. was incorporated into a power system designed to act as a range extender by providing power to the SCARAB rover s hotel loads. The power system, including the non-flow-through fuel cell technology, successfully demonstrated its goal as a range extender by powering hotel loads on the SCARAB rover, making this demonstration the first to use the non-flow-through fuel cell technology on a mobile platform.

关键词：资源与环境；燃料电池；氢原子；负载（力）；利用技术

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