本报告从能源行业事件分析；竞争环境、竞争对手、行业数据等几个方面进行了分析评论。

关键词：行业事件分析；竞争环境；竞争对手；行业数据

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Using carbon dioxide from fossil fuel combustion as a feedstock for the growth, photosynthetic microorganisms can provide a large sink for carbon assimilation as well as a feedstock for the production of significant levels of biofuels. Combining microalgal farming with fossil fuel energy production has great potential to diminish carbon dioxide releases into the atmosphere, as well as contribute to the production of biofuels as well as valuable co-products such as animal feeds and green chemicals. CO2 capture may be a regulatory requirement in future new coal or natural gas power plants and will almost certainly become an opportunity for commerce, the results of such studies may provide industries in the US and Canada with both regulatory relief and business opportunities as well as the ability to meet environmental and regulatory requirements, and to produce large volumes of fuels and co-products.

关键词：生物质能；微藻类；光合作用；化石燃料；二氧化碳

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The CRADA is established to facilitate the development of solar thermal technology to efficiently and economically convert biomass into useful products (synthesis gas and derivatives) that can replace fossil fuels. NREL's High Flux Solar Furnace will be utilized to validate system modeling, evaluate candidate reactor materials, conduct on-sun testing of the process, and assist in the development of solar process control system. This work is part of a DOE USDA 3-year, $1M grant.

关键词：生物质能；太阳能热转化；合成气；反应堆材料

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The overall goal of this project is to conduct fundamental studies on advanced ceramic materials and fiber optic devices for developing new types of high temperature (＞500(degree)C) fiber optic chemical sensors (FOCS) for monitoring fossil (mainly coal) and biomass derived gases in power plants.This report summarizes research works of two integrated parts: (1) development of metal oxide solid thin films as sensing materials for detection and measurement of important gas components relevant to the coal- and biomass-derived syngas and combustion gas streams at high temperatures; and (2) development of fiber optic devices that are potentially useful for constructing FOCS in combination with the solid oxide thin films identified in this program.

关键词：生物质能；陶瓷；光纤；薄膜；光传感器；化学传感器；发电站

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This is Volume 4 of the Renewable Electricity Futures Study: Exploration of High-Penetration Renewable Electricity Futures. The Renewable Electricity Futures Study (RE Futures), is an initial investigation of the extent to which renewable energy supply can meet the electricity demands of the continental United States over the next several decades. This study explores the implications and challenges of very high renewable electricity generation levels - from 30up to 90, focusing on 80, of all U.S. electricity generation from renewable technologies - in 2050. The study explores electricity grid integration using models with unprecedented geographic and time resolution for the contiguous United States to assess whether the U.S. power system can supply electricity to meet customer demand on an hourly basis with high levels of renewable electricity, including variable wind and solar generation.

关键词：生物质能；可再生能源；电网；电网整合；期货

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 During the course of this work and immediately prior to commencing, we discovered that glycerol, a major by-product of the conventional transesterification reaction for biofuels, is not formed but rather three methoxylated glycerol derivatives are produced. These derivatives are high-value specialty green chemicals that strongly upgrade the economics of the process, rendering this approach as one that now values the biofuel only as a by-product, the main value products being the methoxylated glycerols. A horizontal agitated thin-film evaporator (one square foot heat transfer area) proved effective as the primary reactor facilitating the reaction and vaporization of the products, and subsequent discharge of the spent algae solids that are suitable for supplementing petrochemical-based fertilizers for agriculture.

关键词：生物质能；藻类；替代能源；甘油；生物柴油

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This thesis presents the results of an experimental study of the combustion characteristics of algae and camelina derived biofuels as well as the effects of Transient Plasma Ignition in a Compression-Ignition Engine. Testing was conducted for Hydrotreated Renewable Diesel, algae, and benchmarked against F-76 and Diesel No. 2 fuels as well as Hydrotreated Renewable Jet, camelina, benchmarked against JP-5 across a matrix of constant engine speeds and engine loads in a Detroit Diesel 3-53 legacy engine. A heat release rate analysis and a cycle analysis were performed at each matrix point. The algae and camelina fuels averaged 1.4 Crank Angle Degrees earlier ignition, 2 Crank Angle Degrees longer burn duration, 2.25 atmospheres decrease in Peak Pressure, 1.4 Crank Angle Degrees delay in Angle of Peak Pressure, 0.5increase in Indicated Mean Effective Pressure, and 6decrease in Break Specific Fuel Consumption than their petroleum counterpart. A comparison between Diesel No. 2 at idle was performed between Transient Plasma Ignition Assisted Compression-Ignition and conventional Compression-Ignition.

关键词：生物质能；等离子体；植物油；氢化植物油；石油燃料；发动机

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To improve bioreactor design in these areas, we have demonstrated a technique linking advanced cell immobilization to hollow fiber membrane bioreactor. Porous silica immobilization of cells (biosilification) is a biocompatible, optically transparent encapsulation method used for high quality thin film deposition. Results indicate that encapsulated membrane-bound cells within biofilms are viable, retain their morphology, are metabolically active, and are physically trapped following biosilification. The resultant thin silica membrane is evenly distributed over the biofilm surface, reducing molecular diffusion limitations, and reinforcing the matrix.

关键词：生物质能；水回收；生物膜；二氧化硅；二氧化硅薄膜；化学反应器

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关键词：生物质能；生物碳；催化热解；蒸汽气化；氢

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The objective of the proposed research is the demonstration and development of a novel biomass pyrolysis technology for the production of a stable bio-oil. The approach is to carry out catalytic hydrodeodgenation(HDO) and upgrading together with pyrolysis in a single fluidized bed reactor with a unique two-level design that permits the physical separation of the two processes. The hydrogen required for the HDO will be generated in the catalytic section by the water-gas shift reaction employing recycled CO produced from the pyrolysis reaction itself. Thus, the use of a reactive recycle stream is another innovation in this technology. The catalysts will be designed in collaboration with BASF Catalysts LLC (formerly Engelhard Corporation), a leader in the manufacture of attrition-resistant cracking catalysts. The proposed work will include reactor modeling with state-of-the-art computational fluid dynamics in a supercomputer, and advanced kinetic analysis for optimization of bio-oil production.

关键词：生物质能；生物燃料；高温分解；催化作用

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